Land transformation issues have been threatening the future of agriculture within the past decades. However, there are some areas that show their ability in maintaining their agricultural land. This paper aims to explore the farm management system resulted from the presence of legal pluralism that might contribute to future agricultural development. Data were gained through focus group discussions, observations, and in-depth interviews with various key informants. Systems thinking approach was used in this study, and data were iterated and modeled by using Causal Loop Diagram to give a better illustration of the phenomenon. We found that the integration between customary and legal law, which is manifested in the people’s farming praxis, is the main factor in sustaining the agricultural sector. The customary laws were reinforced by the local government, which made the government’s role crucial in allowing its citizen to continuously practice their beliefs in maintaining their agricultural lands. These conclusions are helpful in understanding the complexities underlying land transformation issues, which contributes to the literatures in related fields and improves the policy on agricultural land preservation in Indonesia and other developing countries.

COVID-19 severely impacted small industries in Indonesia and many collapsed. Sustainable education is essential to help small industries recover post-pandemic through an open innovation design program to improve small industries’ economic, social, and environmental performance. This paper examined the impacts of the sustainable education program implemented and explored open innovations suitable for the sustainability of small industries in developing countries, such as Indonesia, after the pandemic. This research employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach involving academics, government, the community, and four small industries in West Java, Indonesia. Our findings reveal that the sustainable education program through learning activities and direct practice provides valuable knowledge and experience for small industries in designing economic, social, and environmental innovations. Open innovations post-pandemic suitable for small industries in Indonesia include simple business digitalization for company economic growth, the recruitment of people losing their jobs due to the pandemic to achieve social benefits, and innovations in using environmentally friendly packaging and charcoal briquette fuel as an environmental awareness effort. This study recommends that the open innovation designed for small industries be right on target and done using a participatory method to achieve sustainability after the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Green Revolution still heavily influences the agricultural practices of small-scale farming enterprises employing unsustainable methods of cultivation. As a result, many initiatives have been developed to promote more environmentally friendly agricultural practices. This paper aims to seek the determinants of farmers regarding practicing more sustainable farming in Tasikmalaya Regency, Indonesia, especially in terms of the use of chemicals. Data were gained by interviewing 360 farmers at the study site. A logit regression model was then used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis indicate that the most significant determinants of sustainability in farming practices are each farmer’s standard of education and how active the farmer is in farmers’ groups. This shows the importance of positioning the farmer group as an essential factor for achieving sustainable farming in Indonesia. Consequently, transitioning to more sustainable agricultural practices requires that policymakers address the topic of economic incentives, improving market access, leveraging farmers’ groups, providing education and support, and designing policies that empower farmers as agents of change in their own communities.

This study investigates traditional culture as one of the factors of the longevity and cross-generation sustainability of Sundanese small industries in Indonesia. The failure rate of small industries in Indonesia is high, and thus, this study is critical. We mapped the relationship between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, longevity, and business sustainability in ten selected Sundanese small industries surviving up to three generations. Data were obtained from semi-structured interviews and company data. The results revealed that the strength of Sundanese cultural traditions, including high long-term orientation, high collectivism, low power distance, and high indulgences, positively contribute to the longevity of small industries in Indonesia. In addition, the social performance of Sundanese entrepreneurs is mainly based on their religious values and a highly collectivist culture; educational experience also affects their environmental performance. This study highlights the need to understand the traditional culture, which can play an essential role in achieving business longevity but also can present some limitations, especially in terms of economic performance. Therefore, to create a sustainable small industry, efforts are needed to change the mindset of Sundanese entrepreneurs to be more open to an innovative global culture while maintaining local values that positively contribute to business.

Desa Lebakmuncang merupakan salah satu desa wisata yang sudah ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung – Jawa Barat melalui SK Bupati Kabupaten Bandung – Jawa Barat. Desa Wisata Lebakmuncang mengalami kendala dalam menjalankan desa wisata nya yaitu jumlah wisatawan yang berkunjung terus mengalami penurunan sehingga pendapatan masyarakat setempat hanya dari bertani, berdagang, dan beternak saja. Diperlukan suatu strategi pengembangan yang diterapkan Desa Wisata Lebakmuncang agar mendapatkan strategi yang cocok dengan menggunakan Analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat).

This study investigates the sustainability level of small industries that have persevered for up to three generations in rural areas of Indonesia, addressing the significant issue of high failure rates among small industries. Utilizing the Triple Bottom Line framework, this study examined the economic, social, and environmental performance of four small industries that have thrived for multiple generations in Indonesia. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and secondary company data. Thematic analysis principles using N-Vivo 12 software were applied to analyze qualitative data, while the RAP 2016 software version R was used for assessing the sustainability index and status. The research findings revealed that the sustainability status of small industries that survived for up to three generations in rural areas was predominantly unsustainable. Economic performance exhibited variability, some falling into the less sustainable category, while social and environmental performances were deemed moderately sustainable. The practical implications of the findings are as follows: the level of competition, government policy, and market access are the most sensitive factors that should be considered to improve economic performance. Meanwhile, small industries must maintain and enhance their social and environmental performance to ensure stability. In addition, the theoretical implication of this finding suggests that the concept of “sustainability” cannot solely be represented by the company’s longevity. Long-lasting small industries may not necessarily be economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable.