The need for concrete condition assessment for existing buildings increases because of high disaster vulnerability levels, as well as a large number of buildings that have reached their age of use. Currently, there is not any standard reference for assessing concrete condition rating yet, so a concrete condition assessment method that can be measured quantitatively needs to be developed. The developed concrete condition assessment method combines concrete condition assessment based on visual inspection and testing. Assessment measures start with an assessment of visual inspection results, which is continued with concrete compressive strength testing. This article contains a concrete condition assessment based on concrete compressive strength testing. This method determines the concrete condition rating scale using five condition ratings as a reference for building condition assessment. The limit value of each condition rating is taken from concrete compressive strength values that are structurally sufficient, according to the structural concrete requirement code for buildings. Concrete compressive strength values have resulted from non-destructive tests and destructive or loading tests. Building condition rating (BCR) value determination factors in the effect of structure element damage towards building structure and concrete testing result accuracy rating, and also can decrease inaccuracy towards concrete quality condition rating determination on scale limit values, and minimize error risks in determining damage condition rating. The resulting method has the advantage of assessing structure element condition rating and building condition rating (BCR) that can be measured quantitatively, has five assessment scale ratings that can portray building conditions having to be demolished, and calculates structure element critical weight.

Concrete quality degradation is a concrete quality downgrade from the perspective of concrete tension. Concrete quality degradation on concrete structure can happen either on new buildings (buildings that are still being constructed/in construction phase) or existing buildings (buildings that are already operational/in operational phase). The possible causes of concrete quality degradation on new buildings are, among others: incorrect implementation process such as readymix concrete quality that isn’t according to plan, lack of compacting, inadequate maintenance. Concrete quality degradation examination is done by examining concrete tension. On new buildings, one of the ways concrete tension can be identified is through test object examination. Concrete is a construction material that has a unique tension trait, where if it’s examined with a number of test objects, the value will spread around one particular average value. The value number depends on the field implementation perfection level. If the concrete tension of test object isn’t according to plan, installed concrete assessment with destructive and non destructive method can be performed. This research is done to identify the amount of concrete quality degradation on building structure based on tension value of concrete test object at the construction phase. Analysis results show the occurrence of a large concrete quality degradation, necessitating the determination of characteristics and categories until the worst possible concrete condition for concrete condition assessment needs.   Abstrak Degradasi mutu beton adalah penurunan kualitas beton dilihat dari kuat tekan beton. Degradasi mutu beton pada struktur beton dapat terjadi baik pada bangunan baru (bangunan yang sedang dibangun/tahap konstruksi) maupun bangunan existing (bangunan yang sudah beroperasi/tahap operasional). Penyebab degradasi mutu beton pada bangunan baru diantaranya ada bagian pada proses pelaksanaan yang kurang tepat seperti mutu beton readymix tidak sesuai rencana, kurangnya pemadatan, perawatan beton kurang baik. Pemeriksaan degradasi mutu beton dilakukan dengan memeriksa kuat tekan beton. Pada bangunan baru, kuat tekan beton dapat diketahui salah satunya melalui pengujian benda uji. Beton adalah suatu bahan konstruksi yang mempunyai sifat kekuatan tekan yang khas, yaitu apabila diperiksa dengan sejumlah besar benda uji, nilainya akan menyebar sekitar suatu nilai rata-rata tertentu. Besar atau kecil nilai bergantung pada tingkat kesempurnaan pelaksanaan di lapangan. Apabila kuat tekan beton dari benda uji tidak sesuai rencana maka dapat dilakukan pengujian beton terpasang dengan metode non destruktif dan destruktif.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besarnya degradasi mutu beton pada struktur bangunan gedung bertingkat berdasarkan nilai kekuatan tekan benda uji beton pada tahap konstruksi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terjadi degradasi mutu beton yang besar, sehingga perlu ditetapkan karakteristik dan kategori sampai kondisi beton terburuk untuk kebutuhan penilaian kondisi beton.

Visual Assessment is an initial assessment of the concrete condition of a building (non-destructive test). There are multiple types of concrete damage, so it is necessary to identify the type of damage that could be assessed visually. To find out the critical level of each type of concrete damage, a Critical Index method is needed. Based on the analysis sets, the range of Critical Index is 0 to 4. The value of 0 indicates a very good Critical Index of concrete, whereas the value of 4 shows a very bad Critical Index of concrete. The value of 0 can be interpreted as the concrete is not damaged and 4 means that the concrete is not acceptable. Determination of Critical Index method can be used to determine the Critical Index of any type of damage to the concrete in a building and to determine the level of damage according to each type of damage.

Pembangunan bangunan gedung wajib dilaksanakan secara tertib administratif dan teknis untuk menjamin keandalan bangunan gedung tanpa menimbulkan dampak penting terhadap lingkungan. Keandalan bangunan gedung adalah kondisi keselamatan, kesehatan, kenyamanan, dan kemudahan yang memenuhi persyaratan teknis oleh kinerja bangunan gedung. Tingkat keandalan suatu bangunan dapat diketahui dengan melakukan penilaian terhadap kondisi struktur bangunan. Seiring berjalannya waktu, struktur bangunan dapat mengalami kerusakan dan menimbulkan risiko besar bagi pengguna bangunan. Untuk mengurangi risiko akibat kerusakan struktur maka perlu diketahui aspek-aspek yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan. Penilaian tingkat keandalan struktur beton dilakukan dengan menetapkan kriteria penilaian kerusakan beton pada bangunan gedung berdasarkan skala prioritas. Penilaian skala prioritas kriteria kerusakan pada struktur beton ditetapkan berdasarkan pendapat para ahli, sehingga penilaian bersifat deskriptif. Untuk mengantisipasi permasalahan tersebut maka penetapan skala prioritas dilakukan dengan pendekatan Fuzzy Logic untuk mewakili adanya ketidakpastian yang digabungkan dengan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) sebagai alat pengambilan keputusan. Dalam Hasil penelitian menunjukan kriteria, sub kriteria 1, dan sub kriteria 2 dengan skala prioritas tertinggi. Secara keseluruhan kriteria penilaian kerusakan beton dengan skala prioritas tertinggi adalah paparan dan korosi pada tulangan, penurunan tanah, dan dinding geser. Dapat diartikan pula bahwa kriteria dengan skala prioritas tertinggi merupakan aspek yang harus diperhatikan dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pemeliharaan bangunan. Building construction must be executed in an orderly, administrative, and technical way to ensure the building’s reliability without causing any significant drawback to the environment. Building reliability is safety conditions, health, comfort, and ease that fulfill the technical terms from building performance. A building’s reliability rating can be identified by assessing the building structure condition. As time goes, building structure can experience damage and cause high risk for the building’s users. To reduce risk from structure damage, the aspects that can cause damage need to be identified. Concrete structure reliability rating assessment is done by determining concrete damage assessment criteria on building based on priority scale. Priority scale assessment on concrete structure is determined based on expert opinion, so the assessment is descriptive. To anticipate that problem, priority scale determination is done by using the Fuzzy Logic approach to represent uncertainty, which is combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method as a decision making tool. In the research results are shown the criteria, sub criteria 1, and sub criteria 2 with high priority scale. As a wholethe concrete damage assessment criteria with the highest priority scale is exposure and corrosion on the reinforcement, land subsidence, and sliding wall. It can also be interpreted that the criteria with the highest priority scale are the aspects that have to be watched out for in building planning, implementation, and maintenance.

In the implementation of construction projects, materials are one of the most influential elements. Leftover construction materials that cannot be reused in projects, produce waste that is difficult to avoid. Research on waste in construction materials conducted at the Jakarta x apartment project. Analyzing and determining the materials that contribute to causing waste by using the Pareto Law of 20-80 only 20% of the total material is considered important and has an 80% impact on waste. Found 18 types of materials that cause waste from 92 materials used in the project. Each material produces waste with various volumes which results in cost losses. Quantitative calculations are carried out to determine the volume of waste, the amount of waste, and the cost of waste. D22 rebar is the type of material that causes the largest volume wastage. While the type of material that causes the biggest waste cost of the apartment project x is formwork material of Rp. 3,489,630,538, -. The total waste generated in the apartment project x is worth 3.30% with a total loss of Rp. 14,559,828,675,-. The waste generated in apartment X is caused by various factors with the sequence of causes in the form of inappropriate designs, implementation errors, remaining pieces of material that can no longer be reused, calculation errors, to loss of material caused by theft on the project. After conducting an analysis using the comparative method of the factors that cause waste based on the literature, it can be concluded that the most common causal factor and the cause of losses is design changes. Thus, the executor can evaluate and find solutions to minimize wastage costs in similar projects. Abstrak Pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi, material menjadi salah satu elemen yang paling berpengaruh. Sisa material konstruksi yang tidak dapat dipergunakan kembali pada proyek, menghasilkan waste yang sulit dihindari. Penelitian mengenai waste pada material konstruksi dilakukan pada proyek apartemen x Jakarta. Menganalisis dan menentukan material yang berkontribusi menyebabkan waste dengan menggunakan Pareto's Law 20-80 hanya 20% dari total material yang dianggap penting dan memiliki dampak 80% terhadap waste. Ditemukan 18 jenis material penyebab waste dari 92 material yang digunakan pada proyek. Masing-masing material menghasilkan waste dengan berbagai volume yang berdampak pada kerugian biaya. Perhitungan secara kuantitatif dilakukan untuk menentuan volume waste, waste level, dan waste cost. Besi beton D22 adalah jenis material yang menyebabkan volume waste terbesar. Sedangkan jenis material yang menyebabkan waste cost terbesar proyek apartemen x adalah material bekisting sebesar Rp. 3.489.630.538,-. Total waste yang dihasilkan pada proyek apartemen x adalah senilai 3,30% dengan total kerugian Rp. 14.559.828.675,-. Waste yang dihasilkan pada apartemen x, disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor dengan urutan penyebab berupa desain yang tidak sesuai, kesalahan pada pelaksana, sisa potongan material yang sudah tidak dapat digunakan kembali, kesalahan perhitungan, hingga material hilang yang diakibatkan pencurian pada proyek. Setelah dilakukan analisis menggunakan metode komparasi terhadap faktor penyebab waste berdasarkan literatur, dapat disimpulkan faktor penyebab yang paling sering terjadi dan menyebabkan kerugian adalah perubahan desain. Sehingga, dapat dilakukan evaluasi dan pencarian solusi oleh pelaksana untuk meminimalisir waste cost dalam proyek sejenis.

The problem of building fires in major cities in Indonesia is a serious problem from various parties. Fires occur due to various things, such as electrical short circuit, exploding gas cylinders, riots, and crime. The role of structural experts in handling post-fire buildings is how to estimate the temperature that occurs in the post-fire structural elements, estimate the strength of the remaining post-fire structure of the building, and propose reinforcement techniques on these elements. This paper is limited to the evaluation of structural elements after the fire. The purpose of this study is to determine the type and level of damage that occurs after the building fire. This research is done by using secondary data. The method used is visual observation, non-destructive test and destructive test. From the results of the analysis will be assessed against each of the building elements that are reviewed. And from these results it can be concluded that Building A can still be eligible to be used by doing a number of reinforcement on certain elements, and Building B is no longer suitable to be used. ABSTRAK Masalah kebakaran gedung di kota-kota besar di Indonesia menjadi masalah yang serius dari berbagai pihak. Kebakaran terjadi diakibatkan oleh berbagai hal, seperti hubungan pendek arus listrik, tabung gas meledak, huru-hara, maupun tindak kriminalitas. Peran para ahli struktur dalam menangani gedung pasca kebakaran adalah bagaimana menaksirkan suhu yang terjadi di elemen struktur pasca kebakaran, menaksirkan kekuatan sisa struktur bangunan pasca kebakaran, dan mengusulkan teknik perkuatan pada elemen tersebut. Pada penulisan ini dibatasi pada penilaian elemen struktur pasca kebakaran saja.. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat kerusakan yang terjadi pasca kebakaran Gedung. Penilitan ini dilakukani dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Metode yang digunakan adalah visual observation, non-destructive test dan destructive test. Dari hasil analisis akan dilakukan penilaian terhadap masing-masing elemen bangunan yang ditinjau. Dan dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Gedung A masih bisa dilaik digunakan dengan melakukan sejumlah perkuatan pada bagian elemen tertentu, dan Gedung B sudah tidak laik digunakan.