The precision of target-based registration is related to the geometry distribution of targets, while the current method of setting the targets mainly depends on experience, and the impact is only evaluated qualitatively by the findings from empirical experiments and through simulations. In this paper, we propose a new quantitative evaluation model, which is comprised of the rotation dilution of precision ( $rDOP$ , assessing the impact of targets’ geometry distribution on the rotation parameters) and the translation dilution of precision ( $tDOP$ , assessing the impact of targets’ geometry distribution on the translation parameters). Here, the definitions and derivation of relevant formulas of the $rDOP$ and $tDOP$ are given, the experience conclusions are theoretically proven by the model of $rDOP$ and $tDOP$ , and an accurate method for determining the optimal placement location of targets and the scanner is proposed by calculating the minimum value of $rDOP$ and $tDOP$ . Furthermore, we can refer to the model ( $rDOP$ and $tDOP$ ) as a unified model of the geometric distribution evaluation model, which includes the $DOP$ model in GPS.

Structural health monitoring (SHM) has been widely applied in the field of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in recent years. It is very hard to detect damage, however, using the measured data directly from the remote cloud platform of on-site structure, owing to changing environmental conditions. At the same time, outlier data from the remote cloud platform often occurs due to the harsh environmental conditions, interferences in the wireless medium, and the usage of low-quality sensors, which can greatly reduce the accuracy of structural health monitoring. In this paper, a novel temperature compensation method based on a long-short term memory (LSTM) network and the particle filter (PF) is proposed to separate the temperature effect from long-term structural health monitoring data. This method takes LSTMs as the state equation of PF, which solves the problem whereby PF cannot accurately derive the state equation for complex structures. A feedback model using the probability distribution generated by PF is developed to filter the observed value, thus measurement outliers can be successfully reduced. A numerical simulation and the measured deflection data from an SHM system are utilized to verify the proposed method. Results from the numerical simulation show that the LSTM-PF method can satisfactorily compensate for the temperature effect even when the nonlinear temperature effect is considered. Moreover, outputs from the SHM system of a large-scale suspension bridge indicate the temperature effect can be compensated and outliers can be appropriately reduced at the same time using the measured deflection data.

This study was conducted to study the redistribution of internal force and the development of the plastic hinge of an MBS with foundations at two different elevations considering the torsional effect. The results indicate that the redistribution of the base shear of MBS is evident at different embedding ends, and the redistribution of story shear on different floors also took place. The redistribution of the shear force of columns is different at the upper- and lower-embedding sides, and the internal force redistribution is more prominent along the slope direction. Consequently, the redistribution of the internal force of MBS should be considered in practical seismic design. Furthermore, the damage of MBS is transferred from the floors above the upper-embedding end to the floors under the upper-embedding end with the increase in the seismic intensity, where the elements at the floors above the upper-embedding end suffer the most serious damage, and the damage is unevenly distributed in the upper-embedding story and the adjacent upper story. The lower-embedding column is more prone to hinge across the slope direction because of the torsional effect. With ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$ changes, the redistributions of the shear force of the base, story, and column are different. A larger ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$ would result in a weaker redistribution of base shear. The redistribution of the story shear of the 1st floor and its columns along the slope direction shows an increasing-decreasing tendency with the increase in ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$, and the redistribution is the most serious when ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$ is 0.4. While across the slope direction, the redistribution of the story shear tends to be weakened as ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$ increases. The forming of the plastic hinge of single-frames along the slope direction is related to ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}}$ and ${\gamma }_{\mathrm{n}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{n}}$, especially the damage of the upper-embedding columns. The torsional effect has a significant influence on the damage of the single-frames across the slope direction. Some measures should be taken to improve the bearing capacity of the upper embedding columns and columns on floors under the upper-embedding end, as well as the drift ductility of the upper-embedding columns.

One of key issues of designing connected structure is the design of the connecting body between towers. This paper presents the analysis of different connecting body design schemes based on a 202.15 m (663 ft) twin-tower ultra-high-rise structure connected by a connecting truss. The influence of height and type of connection on the entire building structure was studied by comparing storey shear forces and drift of structure. The results indicated that the connection type between the connecting body and main structure has little influence on the building structure performance. Finite element analysis of the connecting body indicated that the internal force characteristic of rigid connection type is better compared to the hinge connection type. Furthermore, the connecting truss design based on inclined braces connected by hinge joint is superior compared to the rigid joints.