The study evaluates five types of commercial textiles with different cotton and polyester contents widely used in the garment industry. These textile samples have been subjected to treatment by the exhaustion method using zinc oxide nanoparticles (NP ZnO) (textile functionalization) with the aim of improving their efficiency in blocking UV radiation. The ZnO nanoparticles have been obtained by two methods: The green or also called biosynthesis (using the extract of Coriandrum sativum as an organic reducing agent), and the chemical method (using NaOH as an inorganic reducing agent). The results related to the green method show having achieved a defined geometric configuration with an average size of 97.77 nm (SD: 9.53). On the contrary, the nanostructures obtained by the chemical method show pentagonal configurations with average sizes of 113 nm (SD: 6.72). The textiles functionalized with NP ZnO obtained by biosynthesis showed a better efficiency in blocking ultraviolet radiation (UV).

Tomato is an important crop due to its nutritional contributions and organoleptic properties, which make it an appetizing vegetable around the world. In its sowing, the use of seed is the most accessible propagation mechanism for farmers. However, the induction to germination and emergence is often limited in the absence of stimulants that promote the development and growth of the seedling, added to the interference of infectious agents that notoriously reduce the vitality and viability of the seed. Given this, it was proposed as a research objective to determine the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) mediated by a green route on the germinative characteristics of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 1768 “tomato”. The experimental phase consisted of the synthesis of ZnO NPs and its subsequent characterization. After its synthesis, its inoculation was conducted during the germination of seeds of L. esculentum, considering six sample groups for the treatment with zinc nanoparticles (T1: Control; T2: 21.31 ppm; T3: 33.58 ppm; T4: 49.15 ppm; T5: 63.59 and T6: 99.076 ppm). The results indicate that concentrations close to 100 ppm of ZnO NPs are ideal in the treatment of L. esculentum seeds, due to the promotion of enzymatic and metabolic activity to achieve cell elongation; likewise, the biosynthesized nanoparticles showed no phytotoxicity, due to the fact that, in all the treatments, there were processes of germination and emergence. This was linked to the generation of a Zn⁰-phenolate complex through a chelating effect, which generates compatibility with the seed and, compared to classic inorganic synthesis, usually shows phytotoxicity. In this sense, green synthesis is presented as a great alternative in this type of application.

In our study, the cathodic material xLi₂MnO₃–(1−x)LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ was synthesized by means of the co-precipitation technique. The effect of x (proportion of components Li₂MnO₃ and LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂) on the structural, morphological, and electrochemical performance of the material was evaluated. Materials were structurally characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the morphological analysis was performed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique, while charge–discharge curves and differential capacity and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to study the electrochemical behavior. The results confirm the formation of the structures with two phases corresponding to the rhombohedral space group R3m and the monoclinic space group C2/m, which was associated to the components of the layered material. Very dense agglomerations of particles between 10 and 20 µm were also observed. In addition, the increase in the proportion of the LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ component affected the initial irreversible capacity and the Li₂MnO₃ layer’s activation and cycling performance, suggesting an optimal chemical ratio of the material’s component layers to ensure high energy density and long-term durability.

RESUMEN Las películas de (1-x) BiFeO3- (x) CoFe2O4 variando la concentración (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 y 0.3), fueron depositadas por spin coating sobre sustratos de Pt (Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si) a partir de soluciones precursoras con una concentración de 0.05 molar, la cual fue obtenida por sol-gel. En la caracterización de las películas delgadas se estudió la estructura y las propiedades magnetoeléctricas mediante difracción de rayos X, corriente de fuga, constante dieléctrica, curva de histéresis ferroeléctrica y ferromagnética. En el difractograma de rayos X se muestran picos característicos con la formación de BiFeO3 y el crecimiento de los picos pertenecientes al CoFe2O4 con el aumento de x. Todas las muestras revelan poca corriente de fuga, siendo la menor de 10-10 A /cm2 para (0.8) BiFeO3- (0.2) CoFe2O4. La constante dieléctrica se incrementó en el rango de 102Hz a 105Hzluego disminuyó debido a la relajación dieléctrica, para todas las muestras la pérdida dieléctrica es menor al 4%. Todas las películas muestran polarización y magnetización remanentes mayores a 60 μC/cm2 y 30 emu/gr respectivamente.