Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While timely reperfusion therapies such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombolysis are essential for salvaging ischemic myocardium, they can paradoxically exacerbate tissue injury through a process known as myocardial infarction reperfusion injury (MIRI). MIRI can contribute to up to 50% of the final infarct size, significantly diminishing the benefits of revascularization and leading to worsened cardiac outcomes. The pathophysiology of MIRI involves complex, interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress, calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and dysregulated autophagy. Post-reperfusion recovery is further complicated by structural and functional abnormalities such as microvascular obstruction, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial stunning. Clinically, distinguishing reperfusion injury from ischemic damage is challenging and often requires the use of sensitive biomarkers, such as cardiac troponins, alongside advanced imaging modalities. Although a range of pharmacological (e.g., antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, mitochondrial stabilizers, anti-inflammatory agents) and non-pharmacological (e.g., hypothermia, gene therapy, stem cell-based therapies) interventions have shown promise in preclinical studies, their clinical translation remains limited. This is largely due to the multifactorial and dynamic nature of MIRI. In this context, network pharmacology offers a systems-level approach to understanding the complex biological interactions involved in MIRI, facilitating the identification of multi-target therapeutic strategies. Integrating network pharmacology with omics technologies and precision medicine holds potential for advancing cardioprotective therapies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying MIRI, examines the current clinical challenges, and explores emerging therapeutic strategies. Emphasis is placed on bridging the translational gap through validated, multi-target approaches and large-scale, multicenter clinical trials. Ultimately, this work aims to support the development of innovative and effective interventions for improving outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction.

Employee engagement in the workplace implies that employees are committed to their respective organizational vision, mission, and goals, thereby becoming more engaged, and motivated to contribute to organizational success. Similarly, engaged professional staff in Oman’s higher education sector experience job satisfaction, involvement, commitment, and empowerment, thereby enhancing education quality. Employee engagement has gained significant attention from scholars and practitioners due to its positive impact on personal and organizational well-being. Thus, this study aims to explore the effect of employee engagement on productivity and motivation in Oman’s private higher education sector and determine the success factors for organizations in maintaining employee engagement. The literature review reveals that the working environment, leadership style, and creative work approach tend to influence employee engagement in Oman’s private higher education sector. Therefore, secondary findings reveal the impact of different motivations and productivity on employee engagement through social exchange theory.

Introduction: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by direct contact with infected animals or animal products contaminated with Brucella. Brucella is a Gram-negative aerobic coccobacillus that infects different types of animals and is considered to be an important zoonotic disease. Methodology: Brucella were isolated from blood samples and identified following biochemical tests and agglutination with A and M monospecific antisera. Furthermore, Brucella antibody titers of the tested sera were obtained by the microtiter agglutination method (MAM). Results: The main Brucella species isolated in Oman was B. melitensis. However, in countries bordering Oman and their neighboring countries, both B. melitensis and B. abortus have been isolated and identified. A total of 412 human patients with suspected cases of brucellosis were admitted to the Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Control in the Dhofar Governorate for diagnosis and treatment. During the year 2015, a total of 343 human cases were positively diagnosed with brucellosis in the Dhofar Governorate. During the years 2015 to 2019, a total of 10,492 animals were examined in different Governorates of Oman for brucellosis. The results indicated that 1161 (11%) animals were serologically positive for brucellosis. Conclusions: The results of this study confirmed that Brucella melitensis is the main species responsible for human brucellosis in Oman. It was not surprising that the Dhofar Governorate exhibited a high percentage of infected patients since it is culturally acceptable to drink raw camel milk (unpasteurized), unlike cow milk which is pasteurized.

This study aimed to examine the variations in food consumption frequency and perceived lifestyle behaviors based on gender and living arrangements. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from August 2022 to September 2023, including 176 participants from various colleges at A’Sharqiyah University in Oman. Data were collected using a self-administered electronic questionnaire. A notably high percentage of students residing with their families indicated a significant variation in the frequency of consumption of carrots, cucumbers, bell peppers, lettuce, onions, tomatoes, and dates, with respective p-values of 0.002, 0.028, 0.016, 0.048, 0.025, 0.003, and 0.001. Increased consumption of canned tuna, whole milk, milk chocolate, chicken, and falafel sandwiches (P=0.051, 0.006, 0.011, 0.007, and 0.050, respectively) was noted among students residing away from their families. Consumption of fruits such as dates, melon, and oranges were higher among males (53.6, 17.9, and 25%, p=0.016, 0.013, and 0.050, respectively). The majority of males exhibited a greater consumption of Omani coffee, as well as sweet and traditional dishes. Among students residing with their families, a significant proportion reported a sleep duration of 7 to 8 hours per day, accounting for 75% of the respondents (p=0.029). Students living independently reported perceived unhealthy dietary habits (41.7%, P=0.007) along with a decreased frequency of consuming home-cooked meals (35%, P=0.001). Females demonstrated commendable study habits, with 23.6% dedicating more than four hours per day to their studies (P=0.002). In contrast, male students reported a higher frequency of dining out, with 46.4% dining out three to six times per week compared to 20.3% of female students (P=0.012). A significant majority of the study participants (86.9%, P=0.023) were not utilizing any dietary supplements. In general, students who resided independently, without family, exhibited a greater tendency to engage in less healthy food choices and lifestyle behaviors.

Cancer presents significant challenges owing to its complex molecular pathways and resistance to therapy. Natural metabolites have significant medicinal potential by regulating the sensing and signaling pathways associated with cancer development. Recognizing their interactions within the tumor microenvironment may unveil innovative techniques for inhibiting malignant activities and improve therapy success. This article highlights studies regarding ovarian cancer metabolism, signaling mechanisms, and therapeutic natural substances. This study summarizes clinical and experimental results to emphasise the synergistic effects of alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids in improving therapeutic effectiveness and alleviating drug resistance. Bioactive compounds are essential in regulating ovarian cancer metabolism and signaling pathways, affecting glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and the survival of tumor cells. This review examines metabolic programming and essential pathways, including glycolysis, TCA cycle, lipid metabolism, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, and MAPK, emphasizing their therapeutic significance. The integration of metabolic treatments with medicines based on natural compounds has significant potential for enhancing treatment effectiveness and mitigating therapeutic resistance. Ovarian cancer needs an integrated strategy that includes metabolic reprogramming, signaling modulation, and drugs derived from natural products. Natural chemicals provide intriguing approaches to address chemotherapy resistance and improve treatment efficacy. Further research is required to enhance these methodologies and evaluate their practical applicability for improved patient outcomes.

Brain cancer is one of the most challenging malignancies and a major contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality. Glioblastoma, the most aggressive adult brain tumor, is associated with poor prognosis despite conventional therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, which often result in severe toxicity and long-term side effects. Immunotherapy holds the potential to provide durable and specific anti-tumor responses; however, its success in brain cancer is hindered by obstacles such as the blood-brain barrier, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and tumor heterogeneity. Nanomedicine offers a powerful approach to overcoming these barriers through targeted and efficient drug delivery. Nanotechnology-based platforms, including lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic nanoparticles, have demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy compared to free drugs, with several formulations advancing into clinical trials. Among these, nanotechnology-enabled vaccines represent an emerging frontier, capable of enhancing antigen presentation, stimulating strong immune responses, and overcoming tumor-induced immunosuppression. By combining the precision of nanocarriers with the long-lasting protection of vaccines, nano-vaccines hold great potential to transform brain cancer immunotherapy. Recent studies also suggest that integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with nanotechnology could further enhance the design, targeting, and effectiveness of immunotherapies. Moreover, AI is revolutionizing treatment development by enabling the prediction of immunogenicity, immune responses, and optimizing formulation design and dosing strategies. These advancements collectively accelerate the development and enhance the precision and efficiency of immunotherapy. Hence, this review discusses current nanotechnology-based immunotherapies and highlights the emerging role of integrating AI in vaccine development as next-generation strategies for improving outcomes in brain cancer treatment.