The Internet of Energy (IoE) provides an effective networking technology for distributed green energy, which allows the connection of energy anywhere at any time. As an important part of the IoE, electric vehicles (EVs), and charging pile management are of great significance to the development of the IoE industry. Previous work has mainly focused on network performance optimization for its management, and few studies have considered the security of the management between EVs and charging piles. Therefore, this paper proposes a decentralized security model based on the lightning network and smart contract in the blockchain ecosystem; this proposed model is called the lightning network and smart contract (LNSC). The overall model involves registration, scheduling, authentication, and charging phases. The new proposed security model can be easily integrated with current scheduling mechanisms to enhance the security of trading between EVs and charging piles. Experimental results according to a realistic infrastructure are presented in this paper. These experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can effectively enhance vehicle security. Different performances of LNSC-based scheduling strategies are also presented.

The Internet of Vehicles is the specific instantiation of the Internet of Things in the field of transportation. Vehicle and driving data are often used to mine information about people's lifestyles and preferences. Without advanced data encryption and strict authorization measures, personal privacy and security are at great risk. To solve the problem that the relatively low security of vehicles connected to the Internet may threaten the privacy of users, a blockchain-based sensitive data privacy-protection scheme for vehicles connected to the Internet is proposed. First, association rules are used to mine big data in the Internet of Vehicles. Then, a data security aggregation protocol is established. Finally, an end-to-end encryption mechanism is created. The privacy protection of big data in the Internet of Vehicles is achieved through static and dynamic strategies. The experimental results show that the scheme can improve the hiding rate of sensitive data, the key generation time and encryption time are shorter than those of typical technologies, and the encryption ability is better. Therefore, in protecting the privacy of big data in the Internet of Vehicles, the blockchain proposed in this paper has better privacy protection and encryption abilities and is applicable to the protection of sensitive data in the Internet of Vehicles.