This article examines the new inverse unit exponential distribution, utilizing both classical and Bayesian methodologies; it begins by presenting the general properties of the proposed model, highlighting characteristic features, such as the presence of a reverse-J or increasing and inverted bathtub-shaped hazard rate function. Furthermore, it explores various statistical properties of the suggested distribution. It employs 12 methods to estimate the associated parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the estimation procedure. Even for small samples, the results indicate that biases and mean square errors decrease as the sample size increases, demonstrating the robustness of the estimation method. The application of the suggested distribution to real datasets is then discussed. Empirical evidence, using model selection criteria and goodness-of-fit test statistics, supports the assertion that the suggested model outperforms several existing models considered in the study. This article extends its analysis to the Bayesian framework. Using the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with the no U-turn sampling algorithm, 8000 real samples are generated. The convergence assessment reveals that the chains are convergent and the samples are independent. Subsequently, using the posterior samples, the parameters of the proposed model are estimated, and credible intervals and highest posterior density intervals are computed to quantify uncertainty. The applicability of the suggested model to real data under both classical and Bayesian methodologies provides insights into its statistical properties and performance compared to existing models.

McDonald Generalized Linear Failure Rate Distribution

In this paper, a new discrete distribution called Binomial–Natural Discrete Lindley distribution is proposed by compounding the binomial and natural discrete Lindley distributions. Some properties of the distribution are discussed including the moment-generating function, moments and hazard rate function. Estimation of the distribution’s parameter is studied by methods of moments, proportions and maximum likelihood. A simulation study is performed to compare the performance of the different estimates in terms of bias and mean square error. SO₂ data applications are also presented to see that the new distribution is useful in modeling data.

A new family of continuous distributions called the generalized odd linear exponential family is proposed. The probability density and cumulative distribution function are expressed as infinite linear mixtures of exponentiated-F distribution. Important statistical properties such as quantile function, moment generating function, distribution of order statistics, moments, mean deviations, asymptotes and the stress–strength model of the proposed family are investigated. The maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters is presented. Simulation is carried out for two of the mentioned sub-models to check the asymptotic behavior of the maximum likelihood estimates. Two real-life data sets are used to establish the credibility of the proposed model. This is achieved by conducting data fitting of two of its sub-models and then comparing the results with suitable competitive lifetime models to generate conclusive evidence.

A flexible distribution for the analysis of bounded data is proposed. The new model is generalized through the transmuted approach, and the resultant model is named “transmuted modified Lehmann-type II distribution.” A comprehensive analysis of key characteristics is performed, including the shape of the model, survival, and hazard function, analytical expressions of mode, quantile function, ordinary moments, quantile function, and stress–strength reliability. Some famous entropy measures are also derived. The model parameters have been estimated using four distinct methods, including maximum likelihood estimation, Anderson Darling, Cramer–von Misses, and ordinary least squares. A detailed simulation study is used to evaluate the behavior of all derived estimators. Finally, a dataset was used to demonstrate the utility of the proposed distribution.

In this article, the odd Lomax Gompertz distribution has been introduced, which is derived by modifying the Gompertz distribution to serve as a baseline model in the odd generalized Lomax distribution. The newly proposed model offers enhanced flexibility and provides a promising alternative for modeling lifetime data. This study seeks to establish a solid theoretical foundation for its application through the exploration of several properties, such as non-central moments, stochastic orderings quantile function, and entropy measure, for the new model. Additionally, by conducting simulation analysis, the performance of the various estimation methods is being assessed, which enables the identification of the most reliable approach for estimating the unknown parameters of the newly developed model. The simulation analysis of the two-risk metrics, namely, value at risk and expected shortfall, revealed the ability of the distribution to capture diverse failure rate patterns, which makes it particularly relevant for assessing financial risks. Finally, the suggested model is practiced to two real-life datasets to provide the compelling evidence of superior flexibility and practical versatility compared to existing models in the literature.