Background: The conicity index is indicated as a tool for assessing the nutritional status of renal individuals undergoing hemodialysis. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of abdominal obesity using the conicity index in individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis to verify its association with sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 941 individuals undergoing hemodialysis in a metropolitan area in southeastern Brazil. The conicity index was estimated and cutoffs of 1.275 and 1.285 for men and women, respectively, were used. For the analysis of the results, binary logistic regression was performed and the odds ratio (OR) was estimated with their respective confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: The conicity index was high in 56.54% of men (95% CI: 34.34–70.16) and 43.46% of women (95% CI: 38.45–55.20). We found that both adult men (OR = 3.71; 95% CI: 2.27–6.07) and adult women (OR = 4.06; 95% CI: 2.41–6.84) were more likely to have abdominal obesity, as well as self-declared mixed-raced (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.01–3.00) and single men (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.00–2.68). Conclusions: The conicity index is an important anthropometric indicator to estimate abdominal obesity in individuals with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.

(1) Background: Metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular complications. Therefore, this study aims to establish cut points for the conicity index based on the components of metabolic syndrome and to associate it with characteristic sociodemographic, food consumption and occupational factors in Brazilian rural workers; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out with farmers. The receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated and the cut-off points for the conicity index were identified by the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity. The variables included in the binary logistic regression analysis were selected by considering p < 0.20 in the bivariate test; (3) Results: The cut points were similar in females according to both criteria, resulting in a single cut-off of 1.269. In males, the cut points showed differences, resulting in 1.272 according to the NCEP-ATP III and 1.252 according to the IDF. We have shown that younger people, those who work more than 40 h a week and the lowest contribution of culinary ingredients are associated with increased odds of abdominal obesity, while the consumption of the products they sell or produce decreases these chances; (4) Conclusions: The conicity index showed high discriminatory power for the identification of abdominal obesity in rural workers. Therefore, there is a need to improve eating habits and promote healthier eating environments for individuals, respecting traditional food culture, mainly to contain the advance of MS in rural areas.

Background: Self-rated health status can be considered a good predictor of morbidity and mortality and has been used due to its easy assessment and applicability. The instrument is efficient for understanding sociodemographic, environmental and clinical conditions that may be related to the self-rated health status. Thus, this study aims to analyze the self-assessment of health status in rural workers and its association with socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, clinical condition and work characteristics. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 787 male and female rural reporting agriculture as their main source of income in the municipality of Santa Maria de Jetibá. A simple and direct question was used “In general, compared to people your age, how do you rate your own state of health?” to see how rural workers rate their current health status. The independent variables analyzed were socioeconomic, clinical, health and work conditions. The magnitude of the associations was evaluated by means of hierarchical logistic regression. Results: It was found that 42.1% of rural workers self-rated their health status as regular or poor. Belonging to socioeconomic classes C (OR = 1.937; 95% CI = 1.009–3.720) or D/E (OR = 2.280; 95% CI = 1.178–4.415), being overweight (or having excess weight) (OR = 1.477; 95% CI = 1.086–2.008), multimorbidity (OR = 1.715; 95% CI = 1.201–2.447) and complex multimorbidity (OR = 1.738; 95% CI = 1.097–2.751) were risk factors for worse self-rated health. Conclusion: It was concluded that chronic diseases, socioeconomic status and overweight are risk factors for negative self-rated health. The identification of these determinants through self-rated status can support the planning of actions aimed at improving the health of the rural population. Trial registration: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Protocol No. 2091172; CAAE No. 52839116.3.0000.5060). All research participants gave their informed consent.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify risk factors associated with gastroschisis mortality in three neonatal intensive care units located in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of neonates with gastroschisis was performed between 2000 and 2018. Prenatal, perinatal, and postsurgical variables of survival or nonsurvival groups were compared using chi-square statistical test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Tests with p<0.05 were considered statistically determined.RESULTS: A total of 142 newborns were investigated. Mean maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight were lower in the group of nonsurvival (p<0.05). Poor clinical conditions during admission, complex gastroschisis, closure with silo placement, the use of blood products, surgical complications, and short bowel syndrome were more frequent in the nonsurvival group (p<0.05). Complex gastroschisis [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.74, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.274-11.019] and short bowel syndrome (adjusted OR 7.55, 95%CI 2.177-26.225) increased the risk of death. Higher birth weight inversely reduced the risk for mortality (adjusted OR 0.99, 95%CI 0.997-1.000).CONCLUSION: Complex gastroschisis and short bowel syndrome increased the risk of death, with greater birth weight being inversely correlated with the risk of mortality. The findings of this research can contribute to the formulation of protocols to improve the quality and safety of care in order to reduce neonatal mortality associated with gastroschisis.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is characterized by the involuntary loss of lean body mass associated with a progressive reduction of muscle strength. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in kidney transplant recipients and its association with the determining factors that control muscle homeostasis. METHODS: We evaluated renal transplant recipients undergoing follow-up at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão from June 2017 to July 2018 and who met the inclusion criteria. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European criteria. The skeletal muscle mass index was measured by dual-energy radiological absorptiometry; the values <7,26 kg/m2 for men and <5,5 kg/m2 for women were adopted for muscle depletion. For handgrip strength, values of <30 kg for men and <20 kg for women were considered as reduced muscle strength. In both sexes, the cutoff point for walking speed was <0,8 m/s. RESULTS: We evaluated 83 renal transplant recipients with a mean age of 48.8 ± 12,1 years and predominantly males (57,8%). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 19,3%. Among individuals without sarcopenia, 17,9% had a decrease in handgrip strength and 40,3% has altered gait speed. DISCUSSION: Individuals submitted to renal transplant may develop sarcopenia while still young and already present altered muscle function and strength even before the depletion of lean body mass. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis may allow the prevention of sarcopenia and provide a better quality of life for patients.