The Harapan Rainforest is the only remaining lowland rainforest in Sumatera Island, Indonesia, that the Ministry of Forestry has designated for restoring lowland rainforest ecosystems. In the Harapan Rainforest, several stakeholders are interested in using the forest for several things. For example, the local community uses the forestland for their oil palm plantation, while PT Restorasi Ekosistem Indonesia (PT REKI) as forest manager, uses the forest for ecosystem restoration goals, causing a conflict of interest. This study aims to identify the stakeholders involved and provide a policy recommendation for the contestation in the Harapan Rainforest. We conducted key-person interviews to identify the stakeholders involved and analyze the interest and influence of all important stakeholders related to the utilization of the the Harapan Rainforest. The stakeholder analysis method analyzes and categorizes stakeholders’ interests and influences in the Harapan Rainforest utilization. According to the study, three of the eight stakeholders have a direct role in the Harapan Rainforest’s utilization. The last section of this paper ends by giving an alternative strategy for considering policy options and a win-win solution that prioritizes all stakeholders’ interests. This study concludes that the utilization of the Harapan Rainforest should be conducted with multiple-use forest management for production and rehabilitation.

Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masayarakat: Layakkah Secara Finansial? (Studi Kasus: Bank Sampah Rangga Mekar)

In Depok, Indonesia, rapid urbanization and economic growth have significantly increased waste production, exposing inefficiencies in existing management systems that contribute to environmental, health, and socio-economic problems, including pollution and rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study evaluates the investment and operational requirements for optimal waste management, estimates potential GHG reductions compared to a Business as Usual (BAU) baseline in 2030, and examines policy implications that support a circular economy and low-carbon development. A mixed-method approach was employed by integrating field surveys, stakeholder interviews, and secondary data from local government and environmental agencies. Emissions were calculated for 2025 to 2030 using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2006 Tier 1 methods, while descriptive analysis was applied to interpret institutional and policy readiness. The results demonstrate that an optimized scenario, which emphasizes decentralized composting, recycling infrastructure, and improved governance, could achieve a 65% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 relative to the BAU baseline. Beyond quantifying emissions, the novelty of this study lies in integrating financial, environmental, and governance dimensions within a city-level framework, which remains underexplored in Indonesian and Southeast Asian waste management research. Strategic recommendations include upgrading community-based facilities, implementing fair waste tariffs consistent with the polluter pays principle, and fostering greater citizen participation. By linking emission mitigation with financial feasibility and institutional mechanisms, this study highlights how secondary cities such as Depok can serve as models for advancing circular economy and low-carbon urban transitions in Indonesia.