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Grazing animals act as a bioindicator to study the heavy metal status in the pasture lands because excessive amount of toxic metals in the animal diet either disturb their normal activity or deposit the contaminants into their tissues. The aim of this study was to appraise the chromium status in soil and pasture crops with respect to the nutritional requirement of grazing animals. Three different sites were selected to collect soil, forages, and animal samples from District Jhang. All the samples were processed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer to analyze the chromium concentration in them. Chromium concentration was varied as 0.703–4.20 mg/kg in soil, 0.45–2.85 mg/kg in forages, and 0.588–2.37 mg/kg in all collected animal samples. Both the soil and forage samples displayed the maximum chromium concentration in the Capparis decidua, whereas animal samples revealed maximum concentration in animal blood. Results of pollution load index (0.078 to 0.463 mg/kg) exhibited that all the sample values are less than unity while enrichment factor (1.57–8.25mg/kg) showed that significant level of chromium is enriched in these sites. The maximum value of daily intake (0.0007–0.0055mg/kg/day) and health risk index (0.0004–0.00370055mg/kg/day) was observed in the buffalo that feed on the Capparis decidua. Bio-concentration factor (0.398–2.09mg/kg) value was the maximum in the Medicago sativa. It is concluded that all the animal samples showed chromium concentration beyond their standards. Thus, proper measures should be taken to reduce the metal contamination in these areas that ultimately lessen the availability of toxic metals to grazing animals.
Fu Chen; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Muhammad Nadeem; Shahid Mahmood; Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Ayesha Maqsood; Laraib Saqlain; Majida Naeem; Jing Ma. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal chromium in a contaminated pastureland area in the Central Punjab, Pakistan: soils vs plants vs ruminants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleFu Chen, Fatima Ghulam Muhammad, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Muhammad Nadeem, Shahid Mahmood, Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan, Mudasra Munir, Ifra Saleem Malik, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Ayesha Maqsood, Laraib Saqlain, Majida Naeem, Jing Ma. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal chromium in a contaminated pastureland area in the Central Punjab, Pakistan: soils vs plants vs ruminants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Muhammad Nadeem; Shahid Mahmood; Muhammad Umar Farooq Awan; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Ayesha Maqsood; Laraib Saqlain; Majida Naeem; Jing Ma. 2021. "Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal chromium in a contaminated pastureland area in the Central Punjab, Pakistan: soils vs plants vs ruminants." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-10.
Present work evaluated the zinc (Zn) concentration in soil, forage, blood plasma, hair, and feces samples of cows, buffaloes, and sheep taken from Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. The concentration of Zn was found in the ranged of 21.82–35.09mg/kg, 32.59–42.17mg/kg, 0.927–2.48mg/l, 1.03–2.84mg/kg, and 0.923–1.98mg/kg in soil, forage, blood plasma, hair, and feces samples, respectively. The Zn concentration in soil, forage, blood, hair, and feces was safer compared to standard limits. Statistical analysis described that values for BCF, PLI, EF, DIM, and HRI ranged 1.03–1.57mg/kg, 0.486–0.782mg/kg, 0.457–0.696mg/kg, 0.048–0.08mg/kg, and 0.160–0.272mg/kg, respectively. It can be concluded from the present work that Zn concentration was safe in soil, forages, and animal samples. BCF was noticed as greater than 1 while PLI, EF, DIM, and HRI were found less than 1, so regular heavy metal analysis was required to appraise the contamination level in environment.
Fu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Ayesha Maqsood; Majida Naeem; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Yongjun Yang. Evaluation of potential ecological risk and prediction of zinc accumulation and its transfer in soil plants and ruminants: public health implications. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleFu Chen, Laraib Saqlain, Jing Ma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Fatima Ghulam Muhammad, Ayesha Maqsood, Majida Naeem, Ifra Saleem Malik, Mudasra Munir, Muhammad Nadeem, Yongjun Yang. Evaluation of potential ecological risk and prediction of zinc accumulation and its transfer in soil plants and ruminants: public health implications. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Ayesha Maqsood; Majida Naeem; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Yongjun Yang. 2021. "Evaluation of potential ecological risk and prediction of zinc accumulation and its transfer in soil plants and ruminants: public health implications." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-8.
Basmati rice is increasingly recognized and consumed in different parts of the world due to its different tastes and nutritional properties. This research focused on determining the cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) content in locally grown basmati rice in Pakistan and assessing the risks of these values to human health. Root, shoot and grain samples of basmati rice were taken, along with soil samples from the five regions studied. Metal mean concentrations (mg/kg) in grains fluctuated from 2.70 to 9.80 for Cd, 4.80 to 9.85 for Zn, 1.16 to 1.46 for Cu, 1.84 to 10.86 for Co, 2.05 to 13.07 for Fe, 5.03 to 11.11 for Mn and 3.24 to 13.28 for Ni, respectively. All metal values were within permissible limits except for Cd. The enrichment factor for Cd was highest among all sites. Cobalt and zinc had the highest bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor. The highest enrichment factor was noticed for Cd and the lowest for Cu. The health risk index at all examined sites was less than one. Consistent examination is recommended to limit health hazards instigated by the use of rice polluted with a greater concentration of Cd.
Farah Tariq; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Saleem; Zafar Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Shehzadi Mahpara; Naunain Mehmood; Tasneem Ahmad; Hafsa Memona; Ilker Ugulu; Sajid Fiaz; Shafaqat Ali. Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Basmati Rice: Implications for Public Health. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8513 .
AMA StyleFarah Tariq, Xiukang Wang, Muhammad Saleem, Zafar Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Ifra Saleem Malik, Mudasra Munir, Shehzadi Mahpara, Naunain Mehmood, Tasneem Ahmad, Hafsa Memona, Ilker Ugulu, Sajid Fiaz, Shafaqat Ali. Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Basmati Rice: Implications for Public Health. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8513.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarah Tariq; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Saleem; Zafar Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Shehzadi Mahpara; Naunain Mehmood; Tasneem Ahmad; Hafsa Memona; Ilker Ugulu; Sajid Fiaz; Shafaqat Ali. 2021. "Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Basmati Rice: Implications for Public Health." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8513.
The supply of nutrients and proximate matter is insufficient to fulfil the dietary needs of the quickly expanding human population. Green leafy vegetables can prove economical sources of minerals, vitamins and fibers to overcome nutritional deficiencies. Five leafy vegetables (Brassica juncea, Spinacia oleracea, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Chenopodium album and Lactuca sativa) were collected from a horticulture garden and vegetable market for the evaluation of their proximate matter and nutritional composition. Their contents of proximate (moisture, ash, fats, fibers, carbohydrates and protein), minerals (Ca2+, K+ and P+) and anti-nutrients were examined using standard protocols. The contents of fats (0.43 mg g−1f.w.) in S. oleracea; fibers (0.8 mg g−1f.w.) in S. olerace; carbohydrates (0.89 mg g−1f.w.); in B. juncea, proteins (0.91 mg g−1f.w.) in L. sativa; and vitamin A (1.18 mg g−1f.w.) in C. album from the horticulture garden were high enough to meet the daily dietary requirements of adults. Tannins were higher in species collected from the market, which is toxic for human health. It is concluded that vegetables of horticulture garden grown in suitable environmental conditions possess better nutritional composition as compared to vegetables purchased from markets. However, a large-scale research is needed for the analysis of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, anti-nutrients and heavy metals in leafy vegetables. Further research on ethnomedicinal attributes of leafy vegetables is recommended.
Mobeen; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Saleem; Abida Parveen; Sahar Mumtaz; Amara Hassan; Muhammad Adnan; Sajid Fiaz; Sajjad Ali; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Shafaqat Ali; Ghulam Yasin. Proximate Composition and Nutritive Value of Some Leafy Vegetables from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8444 .
AMA StyleMobeen, Xiukang Wang, Muhammad Saleem, Abida Parveen, Sahar Mumtaz, Amara Hassan, Muhammad Adnan, Sajid Fiaz, Sajjad Ali, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Shafaqat Ali, Ghulam Yasin. Proximate Composition and Nutritive Value of Some Leafy Vegetables from Faisalabad, Pakistan. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8444.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMobeen; Xiukang Wang; Muhammad Saleem; Abida Parveen; Sahar Mumtaz; Amara Hassan; Muhammad Adnan; Sajid Fiaz; Sajjad Ali; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Shafaqat Ali; Ghulam Yasin. 2021. "Proximate Composition and Nutritive Value of Some Leafy Vegetables from Faisalabad, Pakistan." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8444.
Fu Chen; Zille Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Sonaina Nazar; Humayun Bashir; Mudassra Munir; Jing Ma; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Yongjun Yang; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Ifra Saleem Malik. Correction to: Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 1 -1.
AMA StyleFu Chen, Zille Huma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Kafeel Ahmad, Sonaina Nazar, Humayun Bashir, Mudassra Munir, Jing Ma, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Yongjun Yang, Jawaher Alkahtani, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh, Ifra Saleem Malik. Correction to: Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (32):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Zille Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Sonaina Nazar; Humayun Bashir; Mudassra Munir; Jing Ma; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Yongjun Yang; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Ifra Saleem Malik. 2021. "Correction to: Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 32: 1-1.
Exposure to toxic metals (TMs) such as cobalt (Co) can cause lifelong carcinogenic disorders and mutagenic outcomes. TMs enter ground water and rivers from human activity, anthropogenic contamination, and the ecological environment. The present study was conducted to evaluate the influence of sewage water irrigation on cobalt (Co) toxicity and bioaccumulation in a soil-plant environment and to assess the health risk of grazing livestock via forage consumption. Cobalt is a very necessary element for the growth of plants and animals; however, higher concentrations have toxic impacts. Measurement of Co in plant, soil and water samples was conducted via wet digestion method using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The Co pollution severity was examined in soil, forage crops (Sorghum bicolor Kuntze, Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forssk. and Tribulus terrestris L.) in blood, hair and feces of sheep, cow and buffalo from district Toba-Tek-Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. Three sites were selected for investigation of Co level in soil and forage samples. Highest concentration of Co was 0.65 and 0.35 mg/kg occurring in S. bicolor at site I. The sheep blood, cow hair and sheep feces samples showed highest concentrations of 0.545, 0.549 and 0.548 mg/kg, respectively at site I and site II. Bioconcentration factor, pollution load index, enrichment factor and daily intake were found to be higher (0.667, 0.124, 0.12 and 0.0007 mg/kg) in soil, S. bicolor, S. fruticosa and in buffalo, respectively, at site I. It was concluded that forage species irrigated with wastewater are safe for consumption of livestock. However, though the general values were lower than the permissible maximum limit, it was observed that the bioaccumulation in the forage species was higher. Therefore, soil and food chain components should be avoided from trace metal contamination, and other means of nonconventional water resources should be employed for forages irrigation.
Muhammad Hussain; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Majida Naeem; Kafeel Ahmad; Muhammad Awan; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Elshikh. Blood, Hair and Feces as an Indicator of Environmental Exposure of Sheep, Cow and Buffalo to Cobalt: A Health Risk Perspectives. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7873 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Hussain, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Majida Naeem, Kafeel Ahmad, Muhammad Awan, Mona Alwahibi, Mohamed Elshikh. Blood, Hair and Feces as an Indicator of Environmental Exposure of Sheep, Cow and Buffalo to Cobalt: A Health Risk Perspectives. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7873.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Hussain; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Majida Naeem; Kafeel Ahmad; Muhammad Awan; Mona Alwahibi; Mohamed Elshikh. 2021. "Blood, Hair and Feces as an Indicator of Environmental Exposure of Sheep, Cow and Buffalo to Cobalt: A Health Risk Perspectives." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7873.
The aim of this study was to access the Mn contamination in soil, forages, and animals. Heavy metal pollution is a matter of prime significance in natural environment. Through food chain, toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans. Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism. Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure. Animals are exposed to heavy metal stress by the intake of richly contaminated food crops; those are chief part of food chain. Samples of soil, plant, animal blood, hair, and feces were collected to find contamination through wet digestion process in lab and metal analysis. Different forages were collected to study Mn content that was our major concern in this study. The present findings also emphasized on the assessment of bio-concentration factor (BCF). Other significant indices of mobility and pollution of metal were also calculated, i.e. pollution load index (PLI), daily intake of metal (DIM), health risk index (HRI), and enrichment factor (EF). The experimentation result showed different concentrations of metal in different seasons. The Mn concentration in forages was 20.01–28.29 mg/kg and in soil was 5.27–8.90 mg/kg. Soil samples showed higher level of (PLI) Pollution load index. Bio-concentration of MN was 2.59–4.21 mg/kg. It can be concluded that regular monitoring of the metal is essential to evaluate the contamination status. Mn contents were in the safe limits in soil and plants; however, its toxic level was observed in animals.
Xiaoping Ge; Fu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan; Muhammad Sohail. Evaluation of pasture allowance of manganese for ruminants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -9.
AMA StyleXiaoping Ge, Fu Chen, Laraib Saqlain, Jing Ma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Ifra Saleem Malik, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Mudasra Munir, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan, Muhammad Sohail. Evaluation of pasture allowance of manganese for ruminants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoping Ge; Fu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan; Muhammad Sohail. 2021. "Evaluation of pasture allowance of manganese for ruminants." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-9.
The aim of study was access the cobalt and lead contamination in soil, forages and animals. Heavy metal pollution is a matter of prime significance in natural environment. Through food chain toxicity of heavy metals and their bioaccumulation potential are transferred into humans .Higher concentrations of metallic compounds are toxic to living organisms but these are essential to maintain body metabolism. Intake of food crops polluted with heavy metals is chief food chain channel for human exposure. Animals are exposed to heavy metal stress by the intake of richly contaminated food crops those are chief part of food chain. We collected samples of soil, plant, animal blood, hair and faeces to find contamination through wet digestion process in lab and metal analysis. Different forages were collected to study Zn amount in forages whilst soil and animals in Mianwali Pakistan. The health risk index (HRI) calculation was our major concern in this study. Our present findings also emphasized on the assessment of bio-concentration factor (BCF). We also calculated other significant indices i.e. Pollution load index (PLI), daily intake of metal (DIM), Health Risk Index (HRI) and Enrichment factor (EF). While the experimentation result showed different concentrations of metal in different seasons. When the Zn concentration in forages was (32.59-42.17mg/kg) and in soil (21.82-35.09 mg/kg). Soil samples showed higher level of (PLI) Pollution load index. Bio-concentration of zinc was (1.03-1.57mg/kg). It can be concluded as regular monitoring of the level metal is essential evaluate the contamination status.
Fu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Ayesha Maqsood; Majida Naeem; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Yongjun Yang. Speciation of Two Heavy Metals in Pastures and Animals: An Assessment of Health Risk. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleFu Chen, Laraib Saqlain, Jing Ma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Fatima Ghulam Muhammad, Ayesha Maqsood, Majida Naeem, Ifra Saleem Malik, Mudasra Munir, Muhammad Nadeem, Yongjun Yang. Speciation of Two Heavy Metals in Pastures and Animals: An Assessment of Health Risk. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Laraib Saqlain; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Fatima Ghulam Muhammad; Ayesha Maqsood; Majida Naeem; Ifra Saleem Malik; Mudasra Munir; Muhammad Nadeem; Yongjun Yang. 2021. "Speciation of Two Heavy Metals in Pastures and Animals: An Assessment of Health Risk." , no. : 1.
This investigation was done for the assurance of potassium amassing in four assortments of maize (grains, shoot and root), soil, and water and in seven tissues of chickens (kidney, liver, heart, bone, gizzard, breast meat). The analysis of variance showed significant differences for potassium concentration in water in all sources of water; however, the season and variety significantly influenced the quantity of potassium in cereals. The corn varieties MMRI, Sadaf, and Pearl behaved differently when treated with water from various sources. Water taken from sewage had a higher concentration of potassium compared to canal and groundwater that is why the maize plants irrigated with this water had a higher grouping. Data regarding potassium concentration in different body parts of chicken showed that season and treatment have a significant effect on the potassium concentration in chicken organs. The variety was non-significant for the potassium concentration only in the bone. Season × Variety interaction was only significant in blood, meat heart, and gizzard. Season × Treatment and Variety × Treatment interactions were significant in the heart, kidney, and gizzard. The potassium contents were higher in the chicken body parts that were reared on grains irrigated with sewage water as compared to other groups. The potassium contents were higher in the chicken meat (96.23 ± 0.00) reared on grains of the Pearl variety raised with the sewage water. In a nutshell, the irrigation of grains with sewage water led to accumulation of nutrients greater than those irrigated with ground or canal water.
Fu Chen; Zille Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Sonaina Nazar; Humayun Bashir; Mudassra Munir; Jing Ma; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Yongjun Yang; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Ifra Saleem Malik. Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -9.
AMA StyleFu Chen, Zille Huma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Kafeel Ahmad, Sonaina Nazar, Humayun Bashir, Mudassra Munir, Jing Ma, Asma Ashfaq, Razia Sultana, Yongjun Yang, Jawaher Alkahtani, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh, Ifra Saleem Malik. Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Zille Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Sonaina Nazar; Humayun Bashir; Mudassra Munir; Jing Ma; Asma Ashfaq; Razia Sultana; Yongjun Yang; Jawaher Alkahtani; Mohamed Soliman Elshikh; Ifra Saleem Malik. 2021. "Transfer of metal element in soil plant chicken food chain: health risk assessment." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-9.
Minerals are essential for ruminants affecting significantly the production of grazing livestock. Iron level in forages, soil, and blood plasma of the small ruminants (goat and sheep) was investigated in three districts of Punjab. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentration of iron in collected samples. The results revealed that the mean Fe concentrations in soil of districts Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakhar were significantly varied and ranged from 21.85 to 23.78, 28.45 to 31.2, and 18.079 to 24.33 mg/kg, respectively. The Fe level in soil of Mianwali significantly varied and was higher than Sargodha and Bhakkar. The mean Fe concentration in forages which were used for feeding purpose were significantly varied and found between 10.95–14.49, 23.63–25.65, and 6.616–9.45 mg/kg for Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakhar, respectively. The mean Fe concentrations in blood plasma of goat which consumed the contaminated forages were 8.5026–11.763 mg/L in district Sargodha, 19.77–20.19 mg/L in Mianwali, and 5.508–5.858mg/L in Bhakkar. In blood plasma of sheep, the residual levels of Fe in districts Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakhar were ranged from 9.987 to 12.455, 15.8 to 19.785, and 3.425 to 6.383 mg/L, respectively. This study provides the data of metals effected by different sites and also their mobility from low to higher trophic level which enables us to study the iron toxicity in different trophic levels, and we recommend different safe limits and treatment in case of low and high metal profile.
Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Kinza Wajid; Humayun Bashir; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Fiaz Qamar; Muhammad Fahad Ullah; Saif Ur Rehman. Appraisal of iron accumulation in soil, forages, and blood plasma of sheep and goats: a case study in different districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 41089 -41094.
AMA StyleZafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Samra Siddique, Kinza Wajid, Humayun Bashir, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar, Muhammad Fahad Ullah, Saif Ur Rehman. Appraisal of iron accumulation in soil, forages, and blood plasma of sheep and goats: a case study in different districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (30):41089-41094.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Kinza Wajid; Humayun Bashir; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Fiaz Qamar; Muhammad Fahad Ullah; Saif Ur Rehman. 2021. "Appraisal of iron accumulation in soil, forages, and blood plasma of sheep and goats: a case study in different districts of Punjab, Pakistan." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 30: 41089-41094.
The instant endeavor was undertaken for determination of lead (Pb) in water, soil, forage, and cow’s blood domesticated in contaminated area of heavy automobiles’ exhaust in Sahiwal town of District Sargodha, Pakistan. Water samples showed that the concentration of Pb ranged from 1.14 to 0.44 mg kg−1 at all sites. It was maximum at site 5 and minimum at site 2. Soil samples showed the concentration of Pb at all sites ranged from 1.58 to 0.279 mg kg−1. It was maximum in soil where Avena sativa was grown at site 5 and was found minimum in soil where Zea mays was grown at site 2. While among samples of forage, the concentration of Pb ranges from 0.048 to 2.002 mg kg−1. The highest Pb amount was found in Brassica campestris at site 1 and the minimum was recorded in Trifolium alexandrinum at site 2. Finally, the blood samples of cow depicted that concentration of Pb ranged from 4.468 to 0.217 mg kg−1. It was the maximum at site 1 and the minimum at site 3. It is recommended that such study should be conducted in other districts for public awareness.
Fu Chen; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Tasneem Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Mudasra Munir; Sonaina Nazar; Zunaira Munir; Abid Ejaz; Muhammad Nadeem; Abd El Zehar M. A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Fatin K. I. Alshamasi; Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. Evaluation of transfer of lead in soil plant animal system: assessment of consequences of its toxicity. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -8.
AMA StyleFu Chen, Jing Ma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Tasneem Ahmad, Ifra Saleem Malik, Asma Ashfaq, Mudasra Munir, Sonaina Nazar, Zunaira Munir, Abid Ejaz, Muhammad Nadeem, Abd El Zehar M. A. Mustafa, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Fatin K. I. Alshamasi, Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. Evaluation of transfer of lead in soil plant animal system: assessment of consequences of its toxicity. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Tasneem Ahmad; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Mudasra Munir; Sonaina Nazar; Zunaira Munir; Abid Ejaz; Muhammad Nadeem; Abd El Zehar M. A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Fatin K. I. Alshamasi; Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. 2021. "Evaluation of transfer of lead in soil plant animal system: assessment of consequences of its toxicity." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-8.
The instant endeavor was undertaken for determination of lead (Pb) in water, soil, forage and cow’s blood domesticated in contaminated area of heavy automobiles’ exhaust in Sahiwal town of district Sargodha Pakistan. Water samples showed that the concentration of lead (Pb) ranged from 1.14 mg kg− 1 to 0.44 mg kg− 1 at all sites. It was maximum at site 5 and minimum at site 2. Soil samples showed the concentration of Pb at all sites ranged from 1.58 mg kg− 1 to 0.279 mg kg− 1. It was maximum in soil where Avena sativa was grown at site 5 and was found minimum in soil where Zea mays was grown at site 2. While among samples of forage, the concentration of Pb ranges from 0.048 mg kg− 1 to 2.002 mg kg− 1. The highest Pb amount was found in Brassica campestris at site 1 and the minimum was recorded in Trifolium alexandrinum at site 2. Finally, the blood samples of cow depicted that concentration of Pb ranged from 4.468 mg kg− 1 to 0.217 mg kg− 1. It was maximum at site 1 and minimum at site 3.
Fu Chen; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Tasneem Ahmed; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Mudasra Munir; Sonaina Nazar; Zunaira Munir; Abid Ejaz; Muhammad Nadeem; Abd El Zehar M.A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Fatin K.I. Alshamasi; Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. Evaluation of Transfer of Lead (Pb) in Soil Plant Animal System Assessment of Consequences of its Toxicity. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleFu Chen, Jing Ma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Tasneem Ahmed, Ifra Saleem Malik, Asma Ashfaq, Mudasra Munir, Sonaina Nazar, Zunaira Munir, Abid Ejaz, Muhammad Nadeem, Abd El Zehar M.A. Mustafa, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Fatin K.I. Alshamasi, Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. Evaluation of Transfer of Lead (Pb) in Soil Plant Animal System Assessment of Consequences of its Toxicity. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu Chen; Jing Ma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Tasneem Ahmed; Ifra Saleem Malik; Asma Ashfaq; Mudasra Munir; Sonaina Nazar; Zunaira Munir; Abid Ejaz; Muhammad Nadeem; Abd El Zehar M.A. Mustafa; Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi; Fatin K.I. Alshamasi; Mohmed Soliman Elshikh. 2021. "Evaluation of Transfer of Lead (Pb) in Soil Plant Animal System Assessment of Consequences of its Toxicity." , no. : 1.
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11785-x.
Zill- E- Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Kinza Wajid; Muhammad Nadeem; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Madiha Kiran; Tahir Hussain; Muhammad F. Qamar; Tasneem Ahmad; Saif Ur Rehman; Muhammad Fahad Ullah. Correction to: Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 3751 -3751.
AMA StyleZill- E- Huma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Kafeel Ahmad, Kinza Wajid, Muhammad Nadeem, Mudasra Munir, Ifra Saleem Malik, Madiha Kiran, Tahir Hussain, Muhammad F. Qamar, Tasneem Ahmad, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad Fahad Ullah. Correction to: Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (3):3751-3751.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZill- E- Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Kinza Wajid; Muhammad Nadeem; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Madiha Kiran; Tahir Hussain; Muhammad F. Qamar; Tasneem Ahmad; Saif Ur Rehman; Muhammad Fahad Ullah. 2020. "Correction to: Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 3: 3751-3751.
In the present study, the outcome of sewage, canal, and ground water on the chromium (Cr) concentration in corn and ultimately in chicken body parts was reported. To evaluate Cr level, atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer AA 6300, Shimadzu Japan) was used. The highest level of Cr in grains (0.50 ± 0.05 mg/kg), shoots (0.90 ± 0.01 mg/kg), and roots (1.01 ± 0.02 mg/kg) were noticed in the Sadaf variety watered with canal water. The least concentration of Cr was recorded in grains (0.07 ± 0.01 mg/kg), shoots (0.59 ± 0.01 mg/kg), and roots (0.71 ± 0.01 mg/kg) of Pearl variety irrigated with ground water. The maximum concentration of chromium in the blood (1.68 ± 0.02 mg/kg) and bones (1.26 ± 0.24 mg/kg) was observed in chicks fed on Millet Research Institute (MMRI) grains reared with the sewage water. The lowest concentration was observed in the blood (1.60 ± 0.04 mg/kg) and in bone (0.80 ± 0.01 mg/kg) of the chicks fed Pearl variety grains reared with canal water. In the second experiment, the maximum content of Cr was determined in the blood (0.74 ± 0.04 mg/kg) and bones (1.76 ± 0.02 ppm) of chicks consuming Sadaf variety grains reared with canal water and the least concentration in the blood (0.26 ± 0.03 mg/kg) and bones (1.64 ± 0.01 mg/kg) was determined on the consumption of the Pearl variety grains reared with ground water. A similar trend was observed in other body organs. It was concluded that polluted water causes higher accumulation levels of Cr in plant parts and even in animals’ body parts after the utilization of such plants.
Zill- E- Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Kinza Wajid; Muhammad Nadeem; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Madiha Kiran; Tahir Hussain; Muhammad F. Qamar; Tasneem Ahmad; Saif Ur Rehman; Muhammad Fahad Ullah. Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 11509 -11517.
AMA StyleZill- E- Huma, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Kafeel Ahmad, Kinza Wajid, Muhammad Nadeem, Mudasra Munir, Ifra Saleem Malik, Madiha Kiran, Tahir Hussain, Muhammad F. Qamar, Tasneem Ahmad, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad Fahad Ullah. Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (9):11509-11517.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZill- E- Huma; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Kafeel Ahmad; Kinza Wajid; Muhammad Nadeem; Mudasra Munir; Ifra Saleem Malik; Madiha Kiran; Tahir Hussain; Muhammad F. Qamar; Tasneem Ahmad; Saif Ur Rehman; Muhammad Fahad Ullah. 2020. "Appraisal of chromium in chicken reared on maize irrigated with sewage water." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 9: 11509-11517.
A pot experiment was conducted to observe the impact of the application of various fertilizers on the availability of trace metals in different parts of a pearl millet variety (YBS–98). The level of metals in the pearl millet plant (root, shoot, and grains) was analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AA–6300 Shimadzu Japan). Comparing different parts of millet plant Cu (3.4–4.5), Fe (62.8–73.9), Mn (23.8–44.1), Zn (22.4–43.3), Ni (4.9–7.8), and Pb (0.3–0.5) mg/kg were accumulated more in root, while Cd (0.3–1.5) mg/kg was accumulated more in grains. This shows that pearl millet phytostabilizes most of the metals in its root. The level of all metals in the pearl millet plant was within the safe limit suggested by FAO/WHO excluding Cd whose level was above the permissible limit given by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The values of all trace metals and micronutrients were higher in mixed fertilizer treatment followed by poultry manure, cow manure, NPK, and control. The bioaccumulation factor for Mn was highest among all metals, whereas the translocation factor for Cd was greater than 1. The values of pollution load index for all metals in five treatments were found within the safe limit. The values of a health risk index for all metals in all treatments were less than 1 indicating that the manure treated pearl millet grains were free of risk for human consumption.
Kinza Wajid; Kafeel Ahmad; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Nadeem. Pattern of Trace Metal Uptake in Pearl Millet as a Result of Application of Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers. International Journal of Environmental Research 2020, 15, 33 -44.
AMA StyleKinza Wajid, Kafeel Ahmad, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Muhammad Nadeem. Pattern of Trace Metal Uptake in Pearl Millet as a Result of Application of Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers. International Journal of Environmental Research. 2020; 15 (1):33-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKinza Wajid; Kafeel Ahmad; Zafar Iqbal Khan; Muhammad Nadeem. 2020. "Pattern of Trace Metal Uptake in Pearl Millet as a Result of Application of Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers." International Journal of Environmental Research 15, no. 1: 33-44.
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Zafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Samra Siddique, Humayun Bashir, Mudasra Munir, Ifra Saleem Malik & Kinza Wajid Pakki Thatti R&D Farm, Toba Tek Singh, Pakistan Tasneem Ahmad Faculty of Education, Usak University, Usak, Turkey Ilker Ugulu Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Muhammad Nadeem Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agriculture College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Ijaz Rasool Noorka Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China Fu Chen Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi Univetsity, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan Shahzadi Mahpara You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Zafar Iqbal Khan. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09062-y Reprints and Permissions Khan, Z.I., Ahmad, K., Siddique, S. et al. Correction to: A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10660-z Download citation Published: 07 September 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10660-z
Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Tasneem Ahmad; Humayun Bashir; Mudasra Munir; Shahzadi Mahpara; Ifra Saleem Malik; Kinza Wajid; Ilker Ugulu; Muhammad Nadeem; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Fu Chen. Correction to: A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 42193 -42193.
AMA StyleZafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Samra Siddique, Tasneem Ahmad, Humayun Bashir, Mudasra Munir, Shahzadi Mahpara, Ifra Saleem Malik, Kinza Wajid, Ilker Ugulu, Muhammad Nadeem, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Fu Chen. Correction to: A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (33):42193-42193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Tasneem Ahmad; Humayun Bashir; Mudasra Munir; Shahzadi Mahpara; Ifra Saleem Malik; Kinza Wajid; Ilker Ugulu; Muhammad Nadeem; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Fu Chen. 2020. "Correction to: A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 33: 42193-42193.
The present investigation was performed in different district of Punjab to determine the chromium level in soil, forages, and blood plasma of the small ruminants (goat and sheep). The results showed that the mean concentrations of chromium in the soil of Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakkar districts were ranged from 1.8 to 2.3, 3.01 to 4.99, and 2.04 to 2.87 mg/kg, respectively. The chromium level was higher in Mianwali compared with Sargodha and Bhakkar. The mean concentrations of chromium in forages which were used for feeding purposes were found between 0.672 and 1.631, 1.493 and 2.612, and 0.7804 and 1.047 mg/kg for Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakkar, respectively. The mean concentrations of chromium in blood plasma of goat which consumed the contaminated forages were between 0.666 and 1.269 mg/L in Sargodha, 0.657 and 0.752 mg/L in Mianwali, and 1.39 and 2.37 mg/L in Bhakkar. In blood plasma of sheep, the residual levels of chromium in the districts Sargodha, Mianwali, and Bhakkar were ranged from 0.673 to 1.384, 0.83 to 1.086, and 1.496 to 3.611 mg/L, respectively. In the present research, there was a higher concentration of chromium in blood plasma of sheep from Bhakkar and the lowest was in Sargodha. The chromium level in blood samples was found to be higher than the tolerable level of 1.0 mg/L in all districts. In light of these results, it was concluded that chromium levels in the soil and forages of all sites were present within the safe limit while in blood samples of sheep and goats were found to be above the acceptable limit. Sheep and goats also consume water from river, streams, and ponds and other contaminated water sources. So it might be the reason of higher level of chromium in their blood plasma. Hence, the proper monitoring of study sites will be necessary to prevent the excessive accumulation of chromium in ruminants in the near future.
Zafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Tasneem Ahmad; Humayun Bashir; Mudasra Munir; Shahzadi Mahpara; Ifra Saleem Malik; Kinza Wajid; Ilker Ugulu; Muhammad Nadeem; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Fu Chen. A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 26694 -26701.
AMA StyleZafar Iqbal Khan, Kafeel Ahmad, Samra Siddique, Tasneem Ahmad, Humayun Bashir, Mudasra Munir, Shahzadi Mahpara, Ifra Saleem Malik, Kinza Wajid, Ilker Ugulu, Muhammad Nadeem, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Fu Chen. A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (21):26694-26701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZafar Iqbal Khan; Kafeel Ahmad; Samra Siddique; Tasneem Ahmad; Humayun Bashir; Mudasra Munir; Shahzadi Mahpara; Ifra Saleem Malik; Kinza Wajid; Ilker Ugulu; Muhammad Nadeem; Ijaz Rasool Noorka; Fu Chen. 2020. "A study on the transfer of chromium from meadows to grazing livestock: an assessment of health risk." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 21: 26694-26701.
The present experimental work was conducted at different sites of district Bhakkar, a semiarid region of Pakistan, to assess whether the goats are suffering nickel deficiency or toxicity and what are the possible seasonal effects on the availability and translocation of nickel in food chain. A total of 27 forage and 320 goats according to four physiological stages [does (she goat), bucks (he goat), wether (castrated), juvenile (6 month)] were recruited for this study. To fulfill this objective, soil, forage, blood plasma, urine, and feces samples were collected in 4 seasons of the year at 2 sites and were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer for nickel concentration. Different indices BCF, EF, and PLI were also studied to check the metal transfer. The results showed that sites had significant (P < 0.05) effect on nickel concentration in soil, forage, and goats. On the other hand, season and site x season had nonsignificant (P > 0.05) effects on nickel level in soil and goats. The soil (0.68–0.71 mg kg−1), forage (3.41–3.70 mg/kg), and blood (0.21–0.28 mg/l) level was lower than the permissible limits, while feces (0.57–1.34 mg/kg) and urine (0.35–1.32 mg/l) had enough concentration of nickel. Sources showed significant (P < 0.05) effects on Ni level in all stages of goats. All stages of goats except Wether (castrated) showed low level of nickel in blood. Most fluctuations in nickel concentration were observed in (S1) summer (low) and spring (S4) (high) season as a whole, while overall site 2 had high level of nickel than site 1. Thus, nickel showed deficiency in soil, forage, as well as in all stages of goats except wether goats. Nickel containing mineral mixtures are essential for does (she goat), bucks (he goat), and juveniles (6 months old), so application of Ni containing fertilizers to the soil and forage of that region and supplementation of Ni mineral mixture for grazing ruminants should be done.
Humayun Bashir; Kafeel Ahmad; Zafar Iqbal Khan. Level and speciation of nickel in some forages in relation to spatial and temporal fluctuations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 23793 -23800.
AMA StyleHumayun Bashir, Kafeel Ahmad, Zafar Iqbal Khan. Level and speciation of nickel in some forages in relation to spatial and temporal fluctuations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (19):23793-23800.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHumayun Bashir; Kafeel Ahmad; Zafar Iqbal Khan. 2020. "Level and speciation of nickel in some forages in relation to spatial and temporal fluctuations." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 19: 23793-23800.
Zafar Iqbal Khan. Effect of municipal solid waste application on heavy metal distribution in different parts of wheat plant. Pure and Applied Biology 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleZafar Iqbal Khan. Effect of municipal solid waste application on heavy metal distribution in different parts of wheat plant. Pure and Applied Biology. 2020; 9 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZafar Iqbal Khan. 2020. "Effect of municipal solid waste application on heavy metal distribution in different parts of wheat plant." Pure and Applied Biology 9, no. 1: 1.
Zafar Iqbal Khan. The potentiality of toxic metals to wheat crop as affected by municipal solid waste: An implication to human health. Pure and Applied Biology 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleZafar Iqbal Khan. The potentiality of toxic metals to wheat crop as affected by municipal solid waste: An implication to human health. Pure and Applied Biology. 2020; 9 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZafar Iqbal Khan. 2020. "The potentiality of toxic metals to wheat crop as affected by municipal solid waste: An implication to human health." Pure and Applied Biology 9, no. 1: 1.