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Indoor localization is one of the most important topics in wireless navigation systems. The large number of applications that rely on indoor positioning makes advancements in this field important. Fingerprinting is a popular technique that is widely adopted and induces many important localization approaches. Recently, fingerprinting based on mobile robots has received increasing attention. This work focuses on presenting a simple, cost-effective and accurate auto-fingerprinting method for an indoor localization system based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and using a two-wheeled robot. With this objective, an assessment of the robot’s navigation is performed in order to investigate its displacement errors and elaborate the required corrections. The latter are integrated in our proposed localization system, which is divided into two stages. From there, the auto-fingerprinting method is implemented while modeling the tag-reader link by the Dual One Slope with Second Order propagation Model (DOSSOM) for environmental calibration, within the offline stage. During the online stage, the robot’s position is estimated by applying DOSSOM followed by multilateration. Experimental localization results show that the proposed method provides a positioning error of 1.22 m at the cumulative distribution function of 90%, while operating with only four RFID active tags and an architecture with reduced complexity.
Elias Hatem; Sergio Fortes; Elizabeth Colin; Sara Abou-Chakra; Jean-Marc Laheurte; Bachar El-Hassan. Accurate and Low-Complexity Auto-Fingerprinting for Enhanced Reliability of Indoor Localization Systems. Sensors 2021, 21, 5346 .
AMA StyleElias Hatem, Sergio Fortes, Elizabeth Colin, Sara Abou-Chakra, Jean-Marc Laheurte, Bachar El-Hassan. Accurate and Low-Complexity Auto-Fingerprinting for Enhanced Reliability of Indoor Localization Systems. Sensors. 2021; 21 (16):5346.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElias Hatem; Sergio Fortes; Elizabeth Colin; Sara Abou-Chakra; Jean-Marc Laheurte; Bachar El-Hassan. 2021. "Accurate and Low-Complexity Auto-Fingerprinting for Enhanced Reliability of Indoor Localization Systems." Sensors 21, no. 16: 5346.
Over time, load balancing systems in cellular networks have been key to avoiding overload problems in the network and to maintaining a correct resource allocation and performance. However, the classical approaches were not designed for the dynamism generated by user behavior. The big crowds of users at certain social venues are one of the main concerns of mobile operators due to the load imbalance generated. Additionally, the mobility of users who attend social events (e.g., sports events, concerts, etc.) greatly impacts network performance due to its high correlation with network traffic. The availability to inform about events, particularly regarding venue location (e.g., stadiums, concert halls, convention centers) is exponentially growing thanks to its proliferation in social networks through geolocation databases and other functionalities. Therefore, the present work proposes a novel load balancing system integrating a fuzzy logic controller algorithm with social-awareness, which considers the relative position between cell sites and the social event venue in order to configure the network parameters. This approach is evaluated for different configurations of load balancing methods simulated on an urban macro scenario, mitigating the impact of the number of users per cell without degrading the signal quality. In this way, results show that social event data information plus soft or aggressive transmission power changes in cells can help to maintain the balance in the number of users per cell during mass events.
Renato Torres; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. Social-Aware Load Balancing System for Crowds in Cellular Networks. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 107812 -107823.
AMA StyleRenato Torres, Sergio Fortes, Eduardo Baena, Raquel Barco. Social-Aware Load Balancing System for Crowds in Cellular Networks. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 (99):107812-107823.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenato Torres; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. 2021. "Social-Aware Load Balancing System for Crowds in Cellular Networks." IEEE Access 9, no. 99: 107812-107823.
Although log processing of network equipment is a common technique in cellular network management, several factors make said task challenging, especially during mass attendance events. The present paper assesses classic methods for cellular network measurement and acquisition, showing how the use of on-the-field user probes can provide relevant capabilities to the analysis of cellular network performance. Therefore, a framework for the deployment of this kind of system is proposed here based on the development of a new hardware virtualization platform with radio frequency capabilities. Accordingly, an analysis of the characteristics and requirements for the use of virtual probes was performed. Moreover, the impact that social events (e.g., sports matches) may have on the service provision was evaluated through a real cellular scenario. For this purpose, a long-term measurement study during crowded events (i.e., football matches) in a stadium has been conducted, and the performances of different services and operators under realistic settings has been evaluated. As a result, several considerations are presented that can be used for better management of future networks.
Eduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Özgü Alay; Min Xie; Håkon Lønsethagen; Raquel Barco. Cellular Network Radio Monitoring and Management through Virtual UE Probes: A Study Case Based on Crowded Events. Sensors 2021, 21, 3404 .
AMA StyleEduardo Baena, Sergio Fortes, Özgü Alay, Min Xie, Håkon Lønsethagen, Raquel Barco. Cellular Network Radio Monitoring and Management through Virtual UE Probes: A Study Case Based on Crowded Events. Sensors. 2021; 21 (10):3404.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Özgü Alay; Min Xie; Håkon Lønsethagen; Raquel Barco. 2021. "Cellular Network Radio Monitoring and Management through Virtual UE Probes: A Study Case Based on Crowded Events." Sensors 21, no. 10: 3404.
It has been long established that crowds generated by social events (e.g., sports matches, parades, fairs...) produce a high impact on cellular network service. However, to estimate such an impact, it is necessary to use data sources classically outside the mobile operator control. In this way, and following a social-aware approach, the forecasting mechanisms should be able to combine both social and network information to obtain reliable predictions. To this end, the present work develops a complete system for its use in the prediction of cellular metrics (e.g., connections, throughput...). The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated in a real cellular network, showing the capabilities of the approach to provide accurate forecasting.
Javier Villegas; Eduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Raquel Barco. Social-Aware Forecasting for Cellular Networks Metrics. IEEE Communications Letters 2021, 25, 1931 -1934.
AMA StyleJavier Villegas, Eduardo Baena, Sergio Fortes, Raquel Barco. Social-Aware Forecasting for Cellular Networks Metrics. IEEE Communications Letters. 2021; 25 (6):1931-1934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJavier Villegas; Eduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Raquel Barco. 2021. "Social-Aware Forecasting for Cellular Networks Metrics." IEEE Communications Letters 25, no. 6: 1931-1934.
This work presents a method for estimating key quality indicators (KQIs) from measurements gathered at the nodes of a wireless network. The procedure employs multivariate adaptive filtering and a clustering algorithm to produce a KQI time-series suitable for post-processing by the network management system. The framework design, aimed to be applied to 5G and 6G systems, can cope with a nonstationary environment, allow fast and online training, and provide flexibility for its implementation. The concept’s feasibility was evaluated using measurements collected from a live heterogeneous network, and initial results were compared to other linear regression techniques. Suggestions for modifications in the algorithms are also described, as well as directions for future research.
Leonardo Aguayo; Sergio Fortes; Carlos Baena; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. A Multivariate Time-Series Based Approach for Quality Modeling in Wireless Networks. Sensors 2021, 21, 2017 .
AMA StyleLeonardo Aguayo, Sergio Fortes, Carlos Baena, Eduardo Baena, Raquel Barco. A Multivariate Time-Series Based Approach for Quality Modeling in Wireless Networks. Sensors. 2021; 21 (6):2017.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeonardo Aguayo; Sergio Fortes; Carlos Baena; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. 2021. "A Multivariate Time-Series Based Approach for Quality Modeling in Wireless Networks." Sensors 21, no. 6: 2017.
Recent years have seen the proliferation of different techniques for outdoor and, especially, indoor positioning. Still being a field in development, localization is expected to be fully pervasive in the next few years. Although the development of such techniques is driven by the commercialization of location-based services (e.g., navigation), its application to support cellular management is considered to be a key approach for improving its resilience and performance. When different approaches have been defined for integrating location information into the failure management activities, they commonly ignore the increase in the dimensionality of the data as well as their integration into the complete flow of networks failure management. Taking this into account, the present work proposes a complete integrated approach for location-aware failure management, covering the gathering of network and positioning data, the generation of metrics, the reduction in the dimensionality of such data, and the application of inference mechanisms. The proposed scheme is then evaluated by system-level simulation in ultra-dense scenarios, showing the capabilities of the approach to increase the reliability of the supported diagnosis process as well as reducing its computational cost.
Sergio Fortes; Carlos Baena; Javier Villegas; Eduardo Baena; Muhammad Asghar; Raquel Barco. Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach. Sensors 2021, 21, 1501 .
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, Carlos Baena, Javier Villegas, Eduardo Baena, Muhammad Asghar, Raquel Barco. Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1501.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; Carlos Baena; Javier Villegas; Eduardo Baena; Muhammad Asghar; Raquel Barco. 2021. "Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1501.
Cloud Gaming is a cutting-edge paradigm in the video game provision where the graphics rendering and logic are computed in the cloud. This allows a user’s thin client systems with much more limited capabilities to offer a comparable experience with traditional local and online gaming but using reduced hardware requirements. In contrast, this approach stresses the communication networks between the client and the cloud. In this context, it is necessary to know how to configure the network in order to provide service with the best quality. To that end, the present work defines a novel framework for Cloud Gaming performance evaluation. This system is implemented in a real testbed and evaluates the Cloud Gaming approach for different transport networks (Ethernet, WiFi, and LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and scenarios, automating the acquisition of the gaming metrics. From this, the impact on the overall gaming experience is analyzed identifying the main parameters involved in its performance. Hence, the future lines for Cloud Gaming QoE-based (Quality of Experience) optimization are established, this way being of configuration, a trendy paradigm in the new-generation networks, such as 4G and 5G (Fourth and Fifth Generation of Mobile Networks).
Oswaldo Peñaherrera-Pulla; Carlos Baena; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. Measuring Key Quality Indicators in Cloud Gaming: Framework and Assessment Over Wireless Networks. Sensors 2021, 21, 1387 .
AMA StyleOswaldo Peñaherrera-Pulla, Carlos Baena, Sergio Fortes, Eduardo Baena, Raquel Barco. Measuring Key Quality Indicators in Cloud Gaming: Framework and Assessment Over Wireless Networks. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOswaldo Peñaherrera-Pulla; Carlos Baena; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. 2021. "Measuring Key Quality Indicators in Cloud Gaming: Framework and Assessment Over Wireless Networks." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1387.
Nowadays one of the main focuses of the Spanish University system is achieving the active learning paradigm in the context of its integration into the European Higher Education Area. This goal is being addressed by means of the application of novel teaching mechanisms. Among a wide variety of learning approaches, the present work focuses on peer review, understood as a collaborative learning technique where students assess other student’s work and provide their own feedback. In this way, peer review has the overarching goal of improving the student learning during this process. Peer review has been successfully applied and analyzed in the literature. Indeed, many authors also recommend improving the design and implementation of self and peer review, which has been our main goal. This paper presents an empirical study based on the application of peer review assessment in different higher education BSc and MSc courses. In this way, six courses from different studies at the University of Malaga in Spain are subject to the application of peer review strategies to promote student learning and develop cross-wise skills such as critical thinking, autonomy and responsibility. Based on these experiences, a deep analysis of the results is performed, showing that a proper application of the peer review methodology provides reliable reviews (with close scores to the ones from the teacher) as well as an improvement in the students’ performance.
Juan Serrano-Aguilera; Alicia Tocino; Sergio Fortes; Cristian Martín; Pere Mercadé-Melé; Rafael Moreno-Sáez; Antonio Muñoz; Sara Palomo-Hierro; Antoni Torres. Using Peer Review for Student Performance Enhancement: Experiences in a Multidisciplinary Higher Education Setting. Education Sciences 2021, 11, 71 .
AMA StyleJuan Serrano-Aguilera, Alicia Tocino, Sergio Fortes, Cristian Martín, Pere Mercadé-Melé, Rafael Moreno-Sáez, Antonio Muñoz, Sara Palomo-Hierro, Antoni Torres. Using Peer Review for Student Performance Enhancement: Experiences in a Multidisciplinary Higher Education Setting. Education Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):71.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Serrano-Aguilera; Alicia Tocino; Sergio Fortes; Cristian Martín; Pere Mercadé-Melé; Rafael Moreno-Sáez; Antonio Muñoz; Sara Palomo-Hierro; Antoni Torres. 2021. "Using Peer Review for Student Performance Enhancement: Experiences in a Multidisciplinary Higher Education Setting." Education Sciences 11, no. 2: 71.
The rapid proliferation of user devices with access to mobile broadband has been a challenge from both the operation and deployment points of view. With the incorporation of new services with high demand for bandwidth such as video in 4K, it has been deemed necessary to expand the existing capacity by including new bands, among which the unlicensed 5-GHz band is a very promising candidate. The operation of future 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) mobile network standards deployments in this band implies the coexistence with other technologies such as WiFi, which is widespread. In this context, the provision of Quality of Service (QoS) or Quality of Experience (QoE) becomes an essential asset and is a challenge that has yet to be overcome. In this sense, 3GPP has proposed a traffic prioritization method based on the Listen Before Talk access parameters, defining a series of priorities. However, it does not specify how to make use of them, and even less so in potentially conflicting situations. This paper assesses the end-to-end performance of downlink unlicensed channel priorities in dense scenarios via implementing a novel simulation setup in terms of both multi-service performance and coexistence.
Eduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Raquel Barco. KQI Performance Evaluation of 3GPP LBT Priorities for Indoor Unlicensed Coexistence Scenarios. Electronics 2020, 9, 1701 .
AMA StyleEduardo Baena, Sergio Fortes, Raquel Barco. KQI Performance Evaluation of 3GPP LBT Priorities for Indoor Unlicensed Coexistence Scenarios. Electronics. 2020; 9 (10):1701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEduardo Baena; Sergio Fortes; Raquel Barco. 2020. "KQI Performance Evaluation of 3GPP LBT Priorities for Indoor Unlicensed Coexistence Scenarios." Electronics 9, no. 10: 1701.
Anomaly detection in the performance of the huge number of elements that are part of cellular networks (base stations, core entities, and user equipment) is one of the most time consuming and key activities for supporting failure management procedures and ensuring the required performance of the telecommunication services. This activity originally relied on direct human inspection of cellular metrics (counters, key performance indicators, etc.). Currently, degradation detection procedures have experienced an evolution towards the use of automatic mechanisms of statistical analysis and machine learning. However, pre-existent solutions typically rely on the manual definition of the values to be considered abnormal or on large sets of labeled data, highly reducing their performance in the presence of long-term trends in the metrics or previously unknown patterns of degradation. In this field, the present work proposes a novel application of transform-based analysis, using wavelet transform, for the detection and study of network degradations. The proposed system is tested using cell-level metrics obtained from a real-world LTE cellular network, showing its capabilities to detect and characterize anomalies of different patterns and in the presence of varied temporal trends. This is performed without the need for manually establishing normality thresholds and taking advantage of wavelet transform capabilities to separate the metrics in multiple time-frequency components. Our results show how direct statistical analysis of these components allows for a successful detection of anomalies beyond the capabilities of detection of previous methods.
Sergio Fortes; Pablo Muñoz; Inmaculada Serrano; Raquel Barco. Transform-Based Multiresolution Decomposition for Degradation Detection in Cellular Networks. Sensors 2020, 20, 5645 .
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, Pablo Muñoz, Inmaculada Serrano, Raquel Barco. Transform-Based Multiresolution Decomposition for Degradation Detection in Cellular Networks. Sensors. 2020; 20 (19):5645.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; Pablo Muñoz; Inmaculada Serrano; Raquel Barco. 2020. "Transform-Based Multiresolution Decomposition for Degradation Detection in Cellular Networks." Sensors 20, no. 19: 5645.
The use of multimedia content has hugely increased in recent times, becoming one of the most important services for the users of mobile networks. Consequently, network operators struggle to optimize their infrastructure to support the best video service-provision. As an additional challenge, 5G introduces the concept of network slicing as a new paradigm that presents a completely different view of the network configuration and optimization. A main challenge of this scheme is to establish which specific resources would provide the necessary quality of service for the users using the slice. To address this, the present work presents a complete framework for this support of the slice negotiation process through the estimation of the provided Video Streaming Key Quality Indicators (KQIs), which are calculated from network low-layer configuration parameters and metrics. The proposed estimator is then evaluated in a real cellular scenario.
Carlos Baena; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. Estimation of Video Streaming KQIs for Radio Access Negotiation in Network Slicing Scenarios. IEEE Communications Letters 2020, 24, 1304 -1307.
AMA StyleCarlos Baena, Sergio Fortes, Eduardo Baena, Raquel Barco. Estimation of Video Streaming KQIs for Radio Access Negotiation in Network Slicing Scenarios. IEEE Communications Letters. 2020; 24 (6):1304-1307.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Baena; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Raquel Barco. 2020. "Estimation of Video Streaming KQIs for Radio Access Negotiation in Network Slicing Scenarios." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 6: 1304-1307.
Ana Herrera-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Jessica Mendoza; Carlos Baena; Raquel Barco. Modeling of Key Quality Indicators for End-to-End Network Management: Preparing for 5G. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 2019, 14, 76 -84.
AMA StyleAna Herrera-Garcia, Sergio Fortes, Eduardo Baena, Jessica Mendoza, Carlos Baena, Raquel Barco. Modeling of Key Quality Indicators for End-to-End Network Management: Preparing for 5G. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. 2019; 14 (4):76-84.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Herrera-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; Eduardo Baena; Jessica Mendoza; Carlos Baena; Raquel Barco. 2019. "Modeling of Key Quality Indicators for End-to-End Network Management: Preparing for 5G." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 14, no. 4: 76-84.
For the past few years, the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been a recurrent view of the technological environment where nearly every object is expected to be connected to the network. This infrastructure will progressively allow one to monitor and efficiently manage the environment. Until recent years, the IoT applications have been constrained by the limited computational capacity and especially by efficient communications, but the emergence of new communication technologies allows us to overcome most of these issues. This situation paves the way for the fulfillment of the Smart-City concept, where the cities become a fully efficient, monitored, and managed environment able to sustain the increasing needs of its citizens and achieve environmental goals and challenges. However, many Smart-City approaches still require testing and study for their full development and adoption. To facilitate this, the university of Málaga made the commitment to investigate and innovate the concept of Smart-Campus. The goal is to transform university campuses into “small” smart cities able to support efficient management of their area as well as innovative educational and research activities, which would be key factors to the proper development of the smart-cities of the future. This paper presents the University of Málaga long-term commitment to the development of its Smart-Campus in the fields of its infrastructure, management, research support, and learning activities. In this way, the adopted IoT and telecommunication architecture is presented, detailing the schemes and initiatives defined for its use in learning activities. This approach is then assessed, establishing the principles for its general application.
Sergio Fortes; José Antonio Santoyo-Ramón; David Palacios; Eduardo Baena; Rocío Mora-García; Miguel Medina; Patricia Mora; Raquel Barco. The Campus as a Smart City: University of Málaga Environmental, Learning, and Research Approaches. Sensors 2019, 19, 1349 .
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, José Antonio Santoyo-Ramón, David Palacios, Eduardo Baena, Rocío Mora-García, Miguel Medina, Patricia Mora, Raquel Barco. The Campus as a Smart City: University of Málaga Environmental, Learning, and Research Approaches. Sensors. 2019; 19 (6):1349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; José Antonio Santoyo-Ramón; David Palacios; Eduardo Baena; Rocío Mora-García; Miguel Medina; Patricia Mora; Raquel Barco. 2019. "The Campus as a Smart City: University of Málaga Environmental, Learning, and Research Approaches." Sensors 19, no. 6: 1349.
The Internet provides a growing variety of social data sources: calendars, event aggregators, social networks, browsers, and so on. Also, the mechanisms to gather information from these sources, such as web services, semantic web, and big data techniques, have become more accessible and efficient. This allows detailed prediction of major expected events and their associated crowds. Due to the increasing requirements for service provision, particularly in urban areas, having information on those events would be extremely useful for operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM) tasks, since the social events largely affect the cellular network performance. Therefore, this article presents a framework for the automatic acquisition and processing of social data, as well as their association with network elements (NEs) and their performance. The main functionalities of this system, which have been devised to directly work in real networks, are defined and developed. Different OAM applications of the proposed approach are analyzed, and the system is evaluated in a real deployment.
Sergio Fortes; David Palacios; Inmaculada Serrano; Raquel Barco. Applying Social Event Data for the Management of Cellular Networks. IEEE Communications Magazine 2018, 56, 36 -43.
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, David Palacios, Inmaculada Serrano, Raquel Barco. Applying Social Event Data for the Management of Cellular Networks. IEEE Communications Magazine. 2018; 56 (11):36-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; David Palacios; Inmaculada Serrano; Raquel Barco. 2018. "Applying Social Event Data for the Management of Cellular Networks." IEEE Communications Magazine 56, no. 11: 36-43.
Next-generation self-organizing networks (NG-SONs) are the key that will lead to the full automation of the network management in the forthcoming generations of cellular communications. New challenges, like the deployment of novel wireless services or the aim of operators to provide end-to-end monitoring and optimization, make it necessary to develop an innovative scheme for network management. Within SON, self-healing (SH) comprises fault detection, root cause analysis (RCA), and compensation. Within these, the automation of RCA activities is one of the key elements to reduce operational expenditures related to network management. In this article, an SH framework for next-generation networks using dimensionality reduction is proposed as the tool enabling the management of an increasingly complex network, taking advantage of both feature selection and feature extraction techniques. A proof of concept has been carried out in the context of automatic RCA in a live network. Results show that the proposed framework can effectively manage a high-dimensional environment from different data sources, eventually automating the tasks usually performed by troubleshooting experts while optimizing the performance of the RCA tool.
David Palacios; Sergio Fortes; Isabel De-La-Bandera; Raquel Barco. Self-Healing Framework for Next-Generation Networks through Dimensionality Reduction. IEEE Communications Magazine 2018, 56, 170 -176.
AMA StyleDavid Palacios, Sergio Fortes, Isabel De-La-Bandera, Raquel Barco. Self-Healing Framework for Next-Generation Networks through Dimensionality Reduction. IEEE Communications Magazine. 2018; 56 (7):170-176.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Palacios; Sergio Fortes; Isabel De-La-Bandera; Raquel Barco. 2018. "Self-Healing Framework for Next-Generation Networks through Dimensionality Reduction." IEEE Communications Magazine 56, no. 7: 170-176.
Current indoor femtocell networks pose many challenges that could end up into a congested or non-operative cellular communication. In this context, widespread Heterogeneous Cellular Networks (HCNs) and smart devices can provide information that, if well-processed, could support the operation, administration, management and provision (OAM&P) procedures to improve the indoor network performance. Thus, a proposal based on the Self-Organizing Networks (SON) paradigm and context information is described in this paper in order to overcome network degradations and failures. In particular, a coordinated self-optimization system is proposed to enhance extremely overloaded indoor femtocell networks and to reduce the energy consumption. This approach, which is supported by geo-located measurements, automates the network OAM&P procedures and provides the intelligence to network elements for a quick adaptation. Finally, the system performance is analyzed in a realistic simulated environment, where the improvement in network capacity, coverage as well as the efficient use of energy, are discussed.
A. Aguilar-Garcia; R. Barco; Sergio Fortes. Coordinated location-based self-optimization for indoor femtocell networks. Computer Networks 2016, 106, 1 -16.
AMA StyleA. Aguilar-Garcia, R. Barco, Sergio Fortes. Coordinated location-based self-optimization for indoor femtocell networks. Computer Networks. 2016; 106 ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Aguilar-Garcia; R. Barco; Sergio Fortes. 2016. "Coordinated location-based self-optimization for indoor femtocell networks." Computer Networks 106, no. : 1-16.
Femtocells are the auspicious solution for the coverage and capacity challenges that mobile operators are currently facing indoors. Whereas some operators are focused on offloading data traffic from macrocells to femtocells, others prefer to ensure indoor coverage and prioritize voice traffic in order to mitigate the negative impact of blocked or dropped calls. In this context, this paper proposes a novel self-optimizing mechanism to prevent congestion problems at indoor environments, focused on operators that prioritize voice traffic connections. A challenge specific to femtocells is that they normally can only serve a small number of simultaneous connections. Based on this restriction, the proposed mechanism resizes femtocell coverage areas by tuning their transmission powers for load balancing purposes. How information on user location can enhance the optimization process is also investigated in this paper. According to this, two methods to estimate the received signal level per user are evaluated. Finally, the performance is studied by means of both simulations and a real field trial.
A. Aguilar-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; A. Garrido; A. Fernandez-Duran; R. Barco. Improving load balancing techniques by location awareness at indoor femtocell networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2016, 2016, 201 .
AMA StyleA. Aguilar-Garcia, Sergio Fortes, A. Garrido, A. Fernandez-Duran, R. Barco. Improving load balancing techniques by location awareness at indoor femtocell networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2016; 2016 (1):201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Aguilar-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; A. Garrido; A. Fernandez-Duran; R. Barco. 2016. "Improving load balancing techniques by location awareness at indoor femtocell networks." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2016, no. 1: 201.
Sergio Fortes; Raquel Barco; Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia. Location-based distributed sleeping cell detection and root cause analysis for 5G ultra-dense networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2016, 2016, 2078 .
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, Raquel Barco, Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia. Location-based distributed sleeping cell detection and root cause analysis for 5G ultra-dense networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2016; 2016 (1):2078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; Raquel Barco; Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia. 2016. "Location-based distributed sleeping cell detection and root cause analysis for 5G ultra-dense networks." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2016, no. 1: 2078.
This article proposes the use of context information for automatic failure management, known as self-healing, in small-cell indoor scenarios. Self-healing is one of the main functions of self-organizing networks (SONs) aiming to automate the administration, operation, and management of mobile communications infrastructure. In current deployments, the increasing use of low-power base stations, known as small cells, introduces challenges in classic self-healing procedures. This article analyzes those issues and identifies the context of user equipment (UE) as the main source of information to overcome them. Subsequently, a novel framework for integrating context awareness and self-healing is proposed, and a detailed context-based detection/diagnosis mechanism is developed. Finally, the approach is evaluated in a real small-cell deployment, showing the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed context-aware self-healing system.
Sergio Fortes; Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia; Jose Antonio Fernandez-Luque; Aaron Garrido; Raquel Barco. Context-Aware Self-Healing: User Equipment as the Main Source of Information for Small-Cell Indoor Networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 2016, 11, 76 -85.
AMA StyleSergio Fortes, Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia, Jose Antonio Fernandez-Luque, Aaron Garrido, Raquel Barco. Context-Aware Self-Healing: User Equipment as the Main Source of Information for Small-Cell Indoor Networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. 2016; 11 (1):76-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergio Fortes; Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia; Jose Antonio Fernandez-Luque; Aaron Garrido; Raquel Barco. 2016. "Context-Aware Self-Healing: User Equipment as the Main Source of Information for Small-Cell Indoor Networks." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 11, no. 1: 76-85.
Self-organizing network (SON) mechanisms in cellular systems automate network management procedures to improve performance while reducing operational expenditure (OPEX) and capital expenditure (CAPEX). Within the area of SON research and development, self-optimization is an especially hot research topic, and key use cases have been defined by Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards. This article proposes to apply the context-awareness concept to self-optimizing small-cell networks. Context information provides valuable additional data to enhance self-optimization mechanisms. In this context, a framework for context-aware (CA) self-optimization in smallcell environments is described, and a particular self-optimization use case, load balancing (LB), is used to evaluate the benefits of the proposed approach. The results show that the proposed CA-LB algorithms increase the users? satisfaction, while the optimization time is significantly reduced.
Alejandro Aguilar-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; Alfonso Fernandez Duran; Raquel Barco. Context-Aware Self-Optimization: Evolution Based on the Use Case of Load Balancing in Small-Cell Networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 2016, 11, 86 -95.
AMA StyleAlejandro Aguilar-Garcia, Sergio Fortes, Alfonso Fernandez Duran, Raquel Barco. Context-Aware Self-Optimization: Evolution Based on the Use Case of Load Balancing in Small-Cell Networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. 2016; 11 (1):86-95.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlejandro Aguilar-Garcia; Sergio Fortes; Alfonso Fernandez Duran; Raquel Barco. 2016. "Context-Aware Self-Optimization: Evolution Based on the Use Case of Load Balancing in Small-Cell Networks." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 11, no. 1: 86-95.