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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the public water contamination levels of Winkler County, in West Texas. With water scarcity becoming more prevalent in arid climates like West Texas, it is important to ensure the water quality in these areas. The Dockum and Pecos Valley aquifers were analyzed for inorganic pollutants that could inhibit the water. The parameters such as copper, lead, arsenic, nitrate, chloride, and chromium level reports were provided from 1972 to 2018 to analyze and compare to other studies such as the ones conducted in the Midland/Odessa area. The results were compared to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) safety standards, and conclusions were made for the safety consumption of water within the county. We found that inorganic pollutants resulted mainly from the mobilization of the contaminant from anthropogenic activities such as chemical fertilizers, oil and gas developments. This research provides important information for inorganic pollutants in the sinkhole region of Winkler County and contributes to understanding the response to the aquifers. The significance of water quality in West Texas is now more important than ever to ensure that everyone has clean drinking water.
Joshua Lozano; Joonghyeok Heo; Mijin Seo. Historical Assessments of Inorganic Pollutants in the Sinkhole Region of Winkler County, Texas, USA. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7513 .
AMA StyleJoshua Lozano, Joonghyeok Heo, Mijin Seo. Historical Assessments of Inorganic Pollutants in the Sinkhole Region of Winkler County, Texas, USA. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7513.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua Lozano; Joonghyeok Heo; Mijin Seo. 2021. "Historical Assessments of Inorganic Pollutants in the Sinkhole Region of Winkler County, Texas, USA." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7513.
Artificial structures installed in rivers can change the natural physical, physiochemical, and biological characteristics of the rivers. Coliform bacteria are important water quality indicators, related to human health. This study investigated the relationship between coliform bacteria and water quality factors at eight weir stations constructed in the Nakdong River, a major river in South Korea. Fifteen water quality factors were analyzed at these sites from 2012 to 2016 using correlation and multiple regression analyses. The results for all stations confirmed the analytical validity, with high adjusted R2 values of approximately 0.6 and 0.8 on average for total and fecal coliforms, respectively. The results showed influential water quality factors affecting the concentration of coliform bacteria at weir stations. Specifically, total coliforms were mostly affected by organic matter and fecal coliforms were mostly affected by phosphate phosphorus and suspended solids. Rainfall was the most influential factor affecting both coliforms. Further, both coliforms were negatively affected by organic matter below the Dalseong weir in the mid- to downstream area of the Nakdong River. A positive relationship with phosphate phosphorus was indicated at all weir stations. To the authors’ knowledge, this kind of study has never been attempted so far. Thus, the study results can provide important information on influential water quality factors related to coliform bacteria, especially in the Nakdong River, creating a foundation for future water quality management.
Mijin Seo; Haejin Lee; Yongseok Kim; Seo; Lee; Kim. Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea. Water 2019, 11, 1171 .
AMA StyleMijin Seo, Haejin Lee, Yongseok Kim, Seo, Lee, Kim. Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMijin Seo; Haejin Lee; Yongseok Kim; Seo; Lee; Kim. 2019. "Relationship between Coliform Bacteria and Water Quality Factors at Weir Stations in the Nakdong River, South Korea." Water 11, no. 6: 1171.
Low-impact development (LID) practices as a new approach to urban stormwater management have demonstrated their positive effects through the reduction of surface runoff volumes and pollutant loadings in a substantial amount of research. The effectiveness of LID practices can be affected by various LID conditions such as type, location, and area. Cost is also an important factor to be considered in the evaluation of LID effects. This study presented the optimal LID conditions that can achieve targeted reduction goals with minimal cost, and analyzed the effectiveness of LID practices under optimal LID conditions and the consequential cost on a watershed scale. To determine cost-effective LID conditions, three types of LID practices (rain gardens, rainwater harvesting tanks, and permeable pavements), two locations (residential and commercial areas), and percent allocation of LID practices were considered. Manual optimization was conducted under those LID conditions for five targeted reduction goals which were set for surface runoff and nutrient loadings. The results provided various configurations of cost-effective conditions in treating the targeted goals, and represented the impacts of the optimized LID conditions on the effectiveness of LID practices and the consequential cost. The present study could ultimately assist regulators in establishing proper watershed-scale strategies of LID conditions for effectively managing watersheds.
Mijin Seo; Fouad Jaber; Raghavan Srinivasan. Evaluating Various Low-Impact Development Scenarios for Optimal Design Criteria Development. Water 2017, 9, 270 .
AMA StyleMijin Seo, Fouad Jaber, Raghavan Srinivasan. Evaluating Various Low-Impact Development Scenarios for Optimal Design Criteria Development. Water. 2017; 9 (4):270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMijin Seo; Fouad Jaber; Raghavan Srinivasan. 2017. "Evaluating Various Low-Impact Development Scenarios for Optimal Design Criteria Development." Water 9, no. 4: 270.
The effects of Low Impact Development (LID) practices on urban runoff and pollutants have proven to be positive in many studies. However, the effectiveness of LID practices can vary depending on different urban patterns. In the present study, the performance of LID practices was explored under three land uses with different urban forms: (1) a compact high-density urban form; (2) a conventional medium-density urban form; and (3) a conservational medium-density urban form. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used and model development was performed to reflect hydrologic behavior by the application of LID practices. Rain gardens, permeable pavements, and rainwater harvesting tanks were considered for simulations, and a modeling procedure for the representation of LID practices in SWAT was specifically illustrated in this context. Simulations were done for each land use, and the results were compared and evaluated. The application of LID practices demonstrated a decrease in surface runoff and pollutant loadings for all land uses, and different reductions were represented in response to the land uses with different urban forms on a watershed scale. In addition, the results among post-LIDs scenarios generally showed lower values for surface runoff and nitrate in the compact high-density urban land use and for total phosphorus in the conventional medium-density urban land use compared to the other land uses. We suggest effective strategies for implementing LID practices.
Mijin Seo; Fouad Jaber; Raghavan Srinivasan; Jaehak Jeong. Evaluating the Impact of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices on Water Quantity and Quality under Different Development Designs Using SWAT. Water 2017, 9, 193 .
AMA StyleMijin Seo, Fouad Jaber, Raghavan Srinivasan, Jaehak Jeong. Evaluating the Impact of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices on Water Quantity and Quality under Different Development Designs Using SWAT. Water. 2017; 9 (3):193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMijin Seo; Fouad Jaber; Raghavan Srinivasan; Jaehak Jeong. 2017. "Evaluating the Impact of Low Impact Development (LID) Practices on Water Quantity and Quality under Different Development Designs Using SWAT." Water 9, no. 3: 193.