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Urban heat island (UHI) effect is a common urban problem in the process of rapid urbanization. It is also widely considered as one of the most critical global problems in the 21st century. The UHI effect poses a severe challenge to the sustainable development strategy of cities, the living environment of urban residents and the livability of cities. In the context of urban planning and landscape design, how to mitigate the UHI effect and how to help urban residents adapt have always been an important issue. With Landsat thermal sensor images, this study retrieved urban land surface temperature (LST), and revealed spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect from the perspective of an urban expansion and urban ecological landscape. The results indicate that the Hangzhou city SUHI effect was prominent, the maximum LST value growth from 30.03°C in 1999 to 45.24°C in 2018. The SUHI effect had a large spatial differentiation, from the city center expanding to the surrounding areas. From 1990 to 2010, the high-grade SUHI effect area tended to move to the north, while from 2010 to 2018, the high-grade SUHI effect area tended to move to the south, which was consistent with the direction of urban expansion. Urban edge-expansion led to continuous expansion of urban scope, and urban center was dominated by filling expansion. The core area of the city center was small, and the ecological corridor was reduced, which intensified the SUHI effect of the city center. In different time periods, the relationship between SUHI effect, urban expansion and urban green infrastructure was different. The outcomes created from this study were considered valuable for urban planners and landscape designers to alleviate the SUHI effect, build an ecological civilization city and a "livable city" construction plan.
Peng Tian; Jialin Li; Luodan Cao; Ruiliang Pu; Zhongyi Wang; Haitao Zhang; Huilin Chen; Hongbo Gong. Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of urban heat islands from the perspective of an urban expansion and green infrastructure. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 74, 103208 .
AMA StylePeng Tian, Jialin Li, Luodan Cao, Ruiliang Pu, Zhongyi Wang, Haitao Zhang, Huilin Chen, Hongbo Gong. Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of urban heat islands from the perspective of an urban expansion and green infrastructure. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 74 ():103208.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Tian; Jialin Li; Luodan Cao; Ruiliang Pu; Zhongyi Wang; Haitao Zhang; Huilin Chen; Hongbo Gong. 2021. "Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of urban heat islands from the perspective of an urban expansion and green infrastructure." Sustainable Cities and Society 74, no. : 103208.
Carrying out coastal wetland landscape simulations and current and future ecological risk assessments is conducive to formulating policies for coastal wetland landscape planning and promoting the coordinated development of the social economy and ecological environment. This study used the Cellular Automaton (CA)–Markov model to simulate the landscape data of the study area under different scenarios in 2021 and 2025, and built an ecological risk assessment (ERS) index model to analyze the differences of spatio-temporal characteristics of ecological risks. The results showed that: (1) The test accuracy of the CA–Markov model was 0.9562 after passing through the consistency test. The spatial distribution data of landscapes under current utilization scenarios (CUSs), natural development scenarios (NDSs), and ecological protection scenarios (EPSs) were gained through simulations. (2) During 1991–2025, the landscape types of Yancheng coastal wetlands undertake complicated transfers and have vast transfer regions. Under CUSs and NDSs, a large number of natural wetlands are transferred to artificial wetlands. Under EPSs, the area of artificial wetlands declines and artificial wetlands are mainly transferred to natural wetlands. (3) The ecological risk of Yancheng Coastal Wetland increases, accompanied with significant spatial heterogeneity, which is manifested as low in the north area and high in the south area, and there exist some differences between sea areas and land areas. Ecological risk levels transfer violently.
Peng Tian; Luodan Cao; Jialin Li; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Changda Li. Landscape Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Multi-Scenario Simulations: A Case Study of Yancheng Coastal Wetland, China. Sustainability 2020, 13, 149 .
AMA StylePeng Tian, Luodan Cao, Jialin Li, Ruiliang Pu, Hongbo Gong, Changda Li. Landscape Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Multi-Scenario Simulations: A Case Study of Yancheng Coastal Wetland, China. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):149.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Tian; Luodan Cao; Jialin Li; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Changda Li. 2020. "Landscape Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Multi-Scenario Simulations: A Case Study of Yancheng Coastal Wetland, China." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 149.
Studying land use changes and ecological risk assessment in Yongjiang River Basin in Zhejiang Province, China, provides theoretical references for optimal configuration of land resources and maintaining stability of ecosystems. Given impacts of land use changes on landscape patterns in the Yongjiang River Basin, ecological risk assessment indexes were constructed and used to analyze temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological risk within different periods. Results show that (1) the construction land area was increased quickly, while the cultivated area decreased sharply. A prominent characteristic of land use changes was manifested by transforming cultivated area and forestland into construction land. The utilized degree of the land increased continuously. Spatially, the land utilized degree in northern regions was higher than that in southern regions and the degree in eastern regions was higher than that in western regions. (2) The ecological risk in the Yongjiang River Basin was intensified and the area of high ecological risk was expanded by 893.96 km2. Regions with low and relatively low ecological risks concentrated in western and southern regions of the Basin, whereas regions with high ecological risks were mainly in northern and eastern regions. Landscapes in cities and towns at a high economic development level are highly sensitive to human activities. (3) Transformation of ecological risk is complicated. Land area with the ecological risk changing from a low level to a high level was 4.15 times that with the ecological risk changing from a high level to a low level. There were 15 transformation directions among different ecological risk regions.
Peng Tian; Jialin Li; Hongbo Gong; Ruiliang Pu; Luodan Cao; Shuyao Shao; Zuoqi Shi; Xiuli Feng; Lijia Wang; Riuqing Liu. Research on Land Use Changes and Ecological Risk Assessment in Yongjiang River Basin in Zhejiang Province, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2817 .
AMA StylePeng Tian, Jialin Li, Hongbo Gong, Ruiliang Pu, Luodan Cao, Shuyao Shao, Zuoqi Shi, Xiuli Feng, Lijia Wang, Riuqing Liu. Research on Land Use Changes and Ecological Risk Assessment in Yongjiang River Basin in Zhejiang Province, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (10):2817.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Tian; Jialin Li; Hongbo Gong; Ruiliang Pu; Luodan Cao; Shuyao Shao; Zuoqi Shi; Xiuli Feng; Lijia Wang; Riuqing Liu. 2019. "Research on Land Use Changes and Ecological Risk Assessment in Yongjiang River Basin in Zhejiang Province, China." Sustainability 11, no. 10: 2817.
The ecological resilience of boreal forests is an important element of measuring forest ecosystem capacity recovered from a disturbance, and is sensitive to broad-scale factors (e.g., climate change, fire disturbance and human related impacts). Therefore, quantifying the effects of these factors is increasingly important for forest ecosystem management. In this study, we investigated the impacts of climate change, climate-induced fire regimes, and forest management schemes on forest ecological resilience using a forest landscape model in the boreal forests of the Great Xing’an Mountains, Northeastern China. First, we simulated the effects of the three studied variables on forest aboveground biomass, growing space occupied, age cohort structure, and the proportion of mid and late-seral species indicators by using the LANDIS PRO model. Second, we calculated ecological resilience based on these four selected indicators. We designed five simulated scenarios: Current fire only scenario, increased fire occurrence only scenario, climate change only scenario, climate-induced fire regime scenario, and climate-fire-management scenario. We analyzed ecological resilience over the five scenarios from 2000 to 2300. The results indicated that the initialized stand density and basal area information from the year 2000 adequately represented the real forest landscape of that year, and no significant difference was found between the simulated landscape of year 2010 and the forest inventory data of that year at the landscape scale. The simulated fire disturbance results were consistent with field inventory data in burned areas. Compared to the current fire regime scenario, forests where fire occurrence increased by 30% had an increase in ecological resilience of 12.4–43.2% at the landscape scale, whereas increasing fire occurrence by 200% would decrease the ecological resilience by 2.5–34.3% in all simulated periods. Under the low climate-induced fire regime scenario, the ecological resilience was 12.3–26.7% higher than that in the reference scenario across all simulated periods. Under the high climate-induced fire regime scenario, the ecological resilience decreased significantly by 30.3% and 53.1% in the short- and medium-terms at landscape scale, while increasing slightly by 3.8% in the long-term period compared to the reference scenario. Compared to no forest management scenario, ecological resilience was decreased by 5.8–32.4% under all harvesting and planting strategies for the low climate-induced fire regime scenario, and only the medium and high planting intensity scenarios visibly increased the ecological resilience (1.7–15.8%) under the high climate-induced fire regime scenario at the landscape scale. Results from our research provided insight into the future forest management and have implications for improving boreal forest sustainability.
Xu Luo; Hong S. He; Yu Liang; Jacob S. Fraser; Jialin Li. Mitigating the Effects of Climate Change through Harvesting and Planting in Boreal Forests of Northeastern China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3531 .
AMA StyleXu Luo, Hong S. He, Yu Liang, Jacob S. Fraser, Jialin Li. Mitigating the Effects of Climate Change through Harvesting and Planting in Boreal Forests of Northeastern China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (10):3531.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu Luo; Hong S. He; Yu Liang; Jacob S. Fraser; Jialin Li. 2018. "Mitigating the Effects of Climate Change through Harvesting and Planting in Boreal Forests of Northeastern China." Sustainability 10, no. 10: 3531.
Using multitemporal Landsat TM/OLI images at a 10-year interval, in this study, we (1) extracted information of spatial location, length, and sinuosity of coastline and landscape configuration, diversity and fragmentation in the bay areas of Xiangshan Bay (XB), China and Tampa Bay (TB), USA from 1985 to 2015; (2) constructed indices of artificial coastlines and human disturbance on bay area landscapes; and (3) explored and discussed the impacts of human activities on changes of coastlines and landscape types in the two bay areas. Our analysis results demonstrate the following five points. (1) During the past 30 years, the lengths of natural coastline in XB and TB shrank, while the lengths of their artificial coastline increased first and then maintained stable. Since there were different influences of human activities on coastlines and landscape types between the two bay areas, XB experienced dramatic changes in parts of coastline geomorphologies and continuous decrease of coastline sinuosity, while, in TB, there was a little change in coastline geomorphologies and its coastline sinuosity was almost unchanged. (2) The intensity of human activities in XB was continuously enhanced from 1985 to 1995, and then the degree of enhancement had slowed down after 1995. However, in the time period, the impacted extent of human activities gradually increased and finally covered almost entire coastlines in XB. In TB area, although the intensity of human activities was enhanced, the degree of enhancement slowed down from 1985 to 2015 and the impacted areas of human activates were concentrated in several coastal city areas. (3) The average area of landscape patches strongly disturbed by human activities in both XB and TB generally showed a trend of decreasing from 1985 to 2005. However, during the period of 2005 to 2015, the average patch area of landscapes disturbed by different degrees of human activities in XB changed differently, while in TB it almost did not change. (4) From 1985 to 2005, the indices of landscape diversity in various areas of human disturbance in XB gradually increased, while in TB, changes in indices of the landscape diversity varied. From 2005 to 2015, the changes in the intensity of human disturbance in both bay areas were from weak to strong, whereas the indices of landscape diversity in XB and TB increased first and then decreased. (5) The landscape fragmentation index in different human disturbance areas in both XB and TB gradually increased from 1985 to 2005, while from 2005 to 2015, in both bay areas, the landscape fragmentation index presented a decreasing trend.
Jialin Li; Yongchao Liu; Ruiliang Pu; Qixiang Yuan; Xiaoli Shi; Qiandong Guo; Xiayun Song. Coastline and landscape changes in bay areas caused by human activities: A comparative analysis of Xiangshan Bay, China and Tampa Bay, USA. Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018, 28, 1127 -1151.
AMA StyleJialin Li, Yongchao Liu, Ruiliang Pu, Qixiang Yuan, Xiaoli Shi, Qiandong Guo, Xiayun Song. Coastline and landscape changes in bay areas caused by human activities: A comparative analysis of Xiangshan Bay, China and Tampa Bay, USA. Journal of Geographical Sciences. 2018; 28 (8):1127-1151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJialin Li; Yongchao Liu; Ruiliang Pu; Qixiang Yuan; Xiaoli Shi; Qiandong Guo; Xiayun Song. 2018. "Coastline and landscape changes in bay areas caused by human activities: A comparative analysis of Xiangshan Bay, China and Tampa Bay, USA." Journal of Geographical Sciences 28, no. 8: 1127-1151.
Forest Aboveground Biomass (AGB) is a key parameter for assessing forest productivity and global carbon content. In previous studies, AGB has been estimated using various prediction methods and types of remote sensing data. Increasingly, there is a trend towards integrating various data sources such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and optical data. In this study, we constructed and compared the accuracies of five models for estimating AGB of forests in the upper Heihe River Basin in Northwest China. The five models were constructed using field and remotely-sensed data (optical and LiDAR) and algorithms including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Back Propagation Neural Networks (BPNN), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and the Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM). Models based on the RF algorithm emerged as being the best among the five algorithms irrespective of the datasets used. The Random Forest AGB model, using only LiDAR data (R2 = 0.899, RMSE = 14.0 t/ha) as the input data, was more effective than the one using optical data (R2 = 0.835, RMSE = 22.724 t/ha). Compared to LiDAR or optical data alone, the AGB model (R2 = 0.913, RMSE = 13.352 t/ha) that used the RF algorithm and integrated LiDAR and optical data was found to be optimal. Incorporation of terrain variables with optical data resulted in only slight improvements in accuracy. The models developed in this study could be useful for using integrated airborne LiDAR and passive optical data to accurately estimate forest biomass.
Luodan Cao; Jianjun Pan; Ruijuan Li; Jialin Li; Zhaofu Li. Integrating Airborne LiDAR and Optical Data to Estimate Forest Aboveground Biomass in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of China. Remote Sensing 2018, 10, 532 .
AMA StyleLuodan Cao, Jianjun Pan, Ruijuan Li, Jialin Li, Zhaofu Li. Integrating Airborne LiDAR and Optical Data to Estimate Forest Aboveground Biomass in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of China. Remote Sensing. 2018; 10 (4):532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuodan Cao; Jianjun Pan; Ruijuan Li; Jialin Li; Zhaofu Li. 2018. "Integrating Airborne LiDAR and Optical Data to Estimate Forest Aboveground Biomass in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of China." Remote Sensing 10, no. 4: 532.
Spatiotemporal analysis of coastline land utilization is important for strengthening coastline resource management and promoting sustainable development in coastal zones. In this study, basic spatiotemporal characteristics of coastline land utilization in Zhejiang Province, China, were analyzed using remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques. For this case, Landsat Thematic Mapper and Operational Land Imager remote-sensing image data acquired from 1990 to 2015 were collected and processed. Several indices and metrics used for quantifying and analyzing the coastline utilization in Zhejiang Province were defined and calculated through processing remote sensing data and using GIS tools. They included the intensity index of coastline change, fractal dimension of the coastline, subjectivity of coastline utilization, and the integrated coastline utilization index. The analysis results demonstrated that (1) significant coastline changes took place in Zhejiang Province, and the coastline moved seaward, while the total coastline length decreased continuously; (2) the average fractal dimension of the coastlines was 1.0922, and it was relatively stable before 2000, but declined continuously after 2000, reduced to 1.086 in 2015; (3) the artificialization index of the coastlines kept rising; (4) there were single, binary, and other multi-land use types in different coastline sections in the study area; and (5) the coastline land use intensity increased continuously from 0.25 to 0.38, and the coastline in the Xiangshan Harbour had the highest land use intensity index, reaching 0.53 in 2015, throughout the study period, and in the study area.
Jialin Li; Mengyao Ye; Ruiliang Pu; Yongchao Liu; Qiandong Guo; Baixiang Feng; Ripeng Huang; Gaili He. Spatiotemporal Change Patterns of Coastlines in Zhejiang Province, China, Over the Last Twenty-Five Years. Sustainability 2018, 10, 477 .
AMA StyleJialin Li, Mengyao Ye, Ruiliang Pu, Yongchao Liu, Qiandong Guo, Baixiang Feng, Ripeng Huang, Gaili He. Spatiotemporal Change Patterns of Coastlines in Zhejiang Province, China, Over the Last Twenty-Five Years. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):477.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJialin Li; Mengyao Ye; Ruiliang Pu; Yongchao Liu; Qiandong Guo; Baixiang Feng; Ripeng Huang; Gaili He. 2018. "Spatiotemporal Change Patterns of Coastlines in Zhejiang Province, China, Over the Last Twenty-Five Years." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 477.
Analyzing evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk patterns would help establish ecological risk early warning mechanism, reduce the ecological risk probability and promote coastal landscape pattern optimization. In this study, landscape pattern indices were first calculated by using multitemporal Landsat TM images acquired in years 1990, 2000 and 2010, then landscape ecological risk pattern evolution models and the spatiotemporal evolutions of ecological risk patterns of coastal zones in Zhejiang province, China were constructed and analyzed. The results demonstrate that (1) greater changes have taken place in landscape structures during the two decades, and (2) the areas of cropland, sea, woodland and water surface have decreased significantly, while the areas of built-up land, unused land and aquaculture land have increased. In 1990, coastal landscapes were mainly occupied by extremely low and low ecological risk areas. However, by 2010, the low ecological risk area apparently decreased compared to that in 1990, while extremely high and high ecological risk areas increased significantly, occupying spatial regions where originally the extremely low and low ecological risk zones located. Transition rates of ecological risk grades in the second ten years (2000–2010) were significantly lower than in the first ten years (1990–2000). The result suggests that people who originally urged to accelerate coastal landscape exploitation and development have started to concern the ecological environment protection and to pursue a mode that economic development and ecological protection are synchronously conducted.
Jialin Li; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Xu Luo; Mengyao Ye; Baixiang Feng. Evolution Characteristics of Landscape Ecological Risk Patterns in Coastal Zones in Zhejiang Province, China. Sustainability 2017, 9, 584 .
AMA StyleJialin Li, Ruiliang Pu, Hongbo Gong, Xu Luo, Mengyao Ye, Baixiang Feng. Evolution Characteristics of Landscape Ecological Risk Patterns in Coastal Zones in Zhejiang Province, China. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (4):584.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJialin Li; Ruiliang Pu; Hongbo Gong; Xu Luo; Mengyao Ye; Baixiang Feng. 2017. "Evolution Characteristics of Landscape Ecological Risk Patterns in Coastal Zones in Zhejiang Province, China." Sustainability 9, no. 4: 584.
With the continuous development of man’s ability to reshape nature, human activities have become the third geomorphologic agent in the modern geomorphological process. Man-made landform is a landform unit characterized by human activities and is a result of synergizing human and nature geomorphologic agents under the physical geographical background. This article provides an overview on the major progresses in research on anthropogenic geomorphology from aspects like the origin of anthropogenic geomorphology, man-made landform agents and classification, man-made landform evolution and its influencing mechanism, map presentation of man-made landform, and environmental impact of man-made landforms. In addition, in the article, the future development of anthropogenic geomorphology is forecasted. It is pointed out that future studies on anthropogenic geomorphology should pay more attention to the following directions: construction of discipline system of anthropogenic geomorphology, material composition and morphological features of man-made landforms, spatial expansion process and development laws of man-made landforms, regional disparity and accumulative environmental effects of man-made landforms, and environmental management on man-made landforms and comparative analyses of relevant international management policies.
Jialin Li; Lei Yang; Ruiliang Pu; Yongchao Liu. A review on anthropogenic geomorphology. Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016, 27, 109 -128.
AMA StyleJialin Li, Lei Yang, Ruiliang Pu, Yongchao Liu. A review on anthropogenic geomorphology. Journal of Geographical Sciences. 2016; 27 (1):109-128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJialin Li; Lei Yang; Ruiliang Pu; Yongchao Liu. 2016. "A review on anthropogenic geomorphology." Journal of Geographical Sciences 27, no. 1: 109-128.
The climate, substrate, and marine hydrodynamics of Jiangsu, China, tidal flats are suitable for the growth of Spartina alterniflora. Out of 954 km coastline, a section of 410 km is protected by this plant, with a maximum width over 4 km. It functions as a new pioneer stage in plant succession, as a major coastal association, profoundly affecting the coastal environment. Field studies of topography, sedimentology, and vegetation of three typical profiles of Jiangsu coast were conducted in 2000 and 2001. TM satellite images of seven time phases between 1985 and 2001 were used to trace the process of plantation formation. Because of insufficient resolution of the satellites images before 1993 to obtain information on S. alterniflora, we only used those between 1993 and 2001 to classify three stages of their development. The first stage was between 1993 and 1995, with an annual mean expansion rate of 30%. Its area increase is due to enormous seed production and natural spread. The second stage, between 1995 and 1999, had the most rapid with an annual rate of 43%. The third stage, between 1999 and 2001, was only 10%. Its main distribution in Jiangsu lies between mean water level (MWL) and mean high water level (MHWL), on seaward fringe sparse clumps reaching about MWL.
R.S. Zhang; Y.M. Shen; L.Y. Lu; S.G. Yan; Y.H. Wang; J.L. Li; Z.L. Zhang. Formation of Spartina alterniflora salt marshes on the coast of Jiangsu Province, China. Ecological Engineering 2004, 23, 95 -105.
AMA StyleR.S. Zhang, Y.M. Shen, L.Y. Lu, S.G. Yan, Y.H. Wang, J.L. Li, Z.L. Zhang. Formation of Spartina alterniflora salt marshes on the coast of Jiangsu Province, China. Ecological Engineering. 2004; 23 (2):95-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR.S. Zhang; Y.M. Shen; L.Y. Lu; S.G. Yan; Y.H. Wang; J.L. Li; Z.L. Zhang. 2004. "Formation of Spartina alterniflora salt marshes on the coast of Jiangsu Province, China." Ecological Engineering 23, no. 2: 95-105.