This study aimed to analyze the effects of multicomponent exercise training in older women with osteoporosis. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (number CRD42022331137). We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL databases for randomized experimental trials that analyzed the effects of physical exercise on health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis. The risk of bias in the studies was verified using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 544 participants in the experimental group and 495 in the control group. The mean age of all participants was 68.4 years. The studies combined two to four different exercise types, including strength, aerobic, balance, flexibility, and/or functional fitness training. The practice of multicomponent training with an average of 27.2 weeks, 2.6 sessions per week, and 45 min per session showed improvements in strength, flexibility, quality of life, bone mineral density, balance, and functional fitness and reduced the risk of falls in older women with osteoporosis. Multicomponent training was shown to be effective in improving health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects of taekwondo on health in elderly individuals. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA recommendations and registered on PROSPERO, as number CRD42021279561. The electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched, with the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms “martial arts” and “aged” and the alternative terms “taekwondo”, “elderly”, and “older”. We included studies that analysed the effects of taekwondo on health-related variables in older adults of both sexes. The risk of bias of the included experimental and quasi-experimental studies were analysed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, respectively. Results: Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. The interventions of the included studies ranged from 6 to 17 weeks, with 45 to 90 minutes per training session, and frequency from 3 to 5 times a week. The total sample number was 160 participants, with a predominance of females in the samples. After the taekwondo intervention, the protocols demonstrated improvement in muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and body composition. Conclusion: The investigated studies showed that taekwondo can effectively maintain health and develop physical qualities in the older population. Nevertheless, these findings should be considered preliminary due to the relatively small sample and heterogeneity of the interventions of the identified studies.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise on hepatic biomarkers in adult individuals. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA recommendations and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022337749). MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched, using the terms of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) “exercise”, “liver diseases”, and “biomarkers”. Results: Fourteen studies achieved eligibility with a total of 485 participants. Interventions ranged from 4 to 12 weeks, lasting 24 to 90 minutes per session, with 3 to 5 sessions per week. Interventions with aerobic and resistance exercises, with or without a vibration device and diet implementation, demonstrated a reduction in different hepatic biomarkers, such as aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ferritin (Fe), and indirect bilirubin (Bil). The main results of the meta-analysis showed no significant difference in ALB, GGT, AST, and ALP. However, there was a significant difference in ALT (SMD: – 0.41; 95% CI: – 0.71 to -0.11; p = 0.008; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Physical exercise (e.g., resistance training, aerobic training, high-intensity interval training) favored the reduction of AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, ALB, Fe, and Bil. This study pointed out that the regular practice of physical exercise can be an efficient and recommended strategy to minimize the deleterious effects of liver diseases. Keywords: exercise; liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; biomarkers; resistance training; high-intensity interval training.

Fundamento: Analisar os métodos de exercício físico eficientes na melhoria dos níveis de densidade mineral óssea (DMO)/escore T em mulheres na pós-menopausa e desenvolver um modelo de prescrição de exercícios para mulheres com baixa DMO e/ou osteoporose. Métodos: Foram pesquisadas nas bases de dados MEDLINE (via PubMed), ScienceDirect, Web of Science e Scopus ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) que analisassem métodos de exercício físico que mostrassem eficiência para DMO em mulheres na pós-menopausa com baixa DMO e/ou osteoporose. Resultados: Nove ECRs foram selecionados. Os exercícios mais eficientes para melhorar a DMO foram o treinamento resistido, multicomponente, aeróbico e vibratório. O método menos eficaz foi o treinamento aquático (hidroginástica). Conclusão: Os exercícios em gravidade normal tiveram os melhores efeitos na DMO em comparação com aqueles realizados em gravidade reduzida. A frequência de treinamento apropriada deve ser 3 vezes por semana ou mais. O tempo de intervenção deve ser de cerca de 12 meses ou mais. A intensidade do treinamento deve estar entre moderada e alta. Além disso, a proposta de prescrição de exercícios relaciona a classificação do T-score, o nível de atividade física e o uso de medicamentos, além da anamnese, que considera as fraturas prévias dos pacientes e os fatores de risco para fraturas. Palavras-chave: Exercício, densidade óssea, osteoporose, pós-menopausa, envelhecimento.

O estudo tem como objetivo comparar os impactos pós pandemia da COVID-19 nos níveis de atividade física, ansiedade, estresse e depressão entre alunos do ensino médio que frequentam as aulas de Educação Física Escolar e alunos de graduação em Educação Física de instituições públicas no município de Tucuruí/Pará. É pesquisa de campo, de delineamento transversal, abordando o método quantitativo, apresentando em seus aspectos o caráter explicativo. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o softwere BioStat 5.3 for Windows, onde foi usado o teste t student para amostras independentes. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: índice de massa corporal (IMC) para estado nutricional, versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Avaliação Física (IPAQ) e adaptação do Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – Short Form (DASS-21) a partir de comportamentos e sensações experimentados nos últimos sete dias. Como resultados, os estudantes de Educação Física de nível superior mostraram maior nível de atividade física nas três classificações avaliadas: leve, moderado e vigoroso tanto para os dias da semana, quanto para minutos por semana. Já os estudantes do ensino médio, apresentaram melhor saúde mental quando comparados aos estudantes de educação superior nos aspectos relacionados ao estado de estresse e depressão. Os alunos de Ensino superior, mostraram ser mais ativos fisicamente do que o grupo do ensino médio. No entanto, os mesmos, melhoraram estatisticamente p<0,05 a saúde mental quanto aos níveis de depressão e estresse do que o grupo do ensino superior. Palavras-chave: COVID-19; atividade física; saúde mental.

Chemotherapy associated with breast cancer often induces cardiotoxicity, which compromises patients' health and quality of life. To verify the effect of physical exercise on chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, through the assessment of cardiac function in patients with breast cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of physical training in chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy in the PubMed, Web of Sciences and Scopus databases. Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review and eleven studies in the data meta-analysis. Global longitudinal strain presents a cardioprotective effect when compared to the control group (Heterogeneity: Chi² = 12.81, df = 10 (p = 0.23); I² = 22 %.) Test for global effect: Z = 2, 13 (p = 0.03). Physical training is more effective (test for subgroup differences, p = 0.031) in attenuating the impairment of %GLS induced by chemotherapy if performed concomitantly with exposure to chemotherapy (95 % CI; Heterogeneity: Chi² = 7.49, gl = 5 (p = 0.19); I² = 33 %; Test for global effect: Z = 2.33 (p = 0.02) when compared after chemotherapy treatment, or in the long term (for 12 months or more). However, without benefits in LVEF (Heterogeneity: Chi² = 42.14, df = 10 (p < 0.00001); I² = 76 %) Test for global effect: Z = 2.51 (p = 0.01) Conclusion: Exercise training is a cardioprotective approach in breast cancer patients who experience chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Exercise during exposure to chemotherapy has greater effects on preserving cardiac function.