Summary: Introduction: Pharmaceutical industry is forced to develop new pharmacologically active molecules. Like other plants, mosses are considered to be potential source of new biologically active compounds. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of 8 moss species: Hypnum cupressiforme, Homalothecium sericeum, Thuidium delicatulum, Homalothecium lutescens, Homalothecium nitens, Leucodon sciuroides, Ctenidium molluscum, and Eurhynchium striatulum obtained from Turkey. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of extracts was investigated against four Gram (+) and six Gram (−) bacterial strains and three tested fungi. Total phenolic content (TPC), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH radical scavenging activity assays were applied to determine the antioxidant activity. Results: All moss extacts were found to be active against all the organisms except Homalothecium nitens. Especially, H. sericeum and E. striatulum showed the best antioxidant activity. Conclusion: The obtained results show that mosses may be used as possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial agents to control various human, animal and plant diseases.

Background: Due to the high expense, less effectiveness and more side effects of available synthetic medicine, the researchers and communities are focusing on phyto-based natural bioactive compounds, which are considered safer for the treatment of syndromes and chronic diseases. Aim: The current project was aimed to determine the phytochemicals constituents available in the aerial parts of methanol extract of Carduus edelbergii via GC-MS, fabrication of AuNPs mediated with the mentioned extract; characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antidiabetic potency of the synthesized AuNPs. Methods: Confirmation of green synthesis of AuNPs, functional groups responsible for the reduction in Au⁺, size and crystallinity, morphology and quantity of gold (Au) were carried out by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and dispersive X-ray (EDX), respectively, whereas in vitro antioxidant characteristics were assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. Wistar albino rats were used to test the anti-diabetic properties of the methanol extract and AuNPs. Results: GC-MS revealed that the diluted methanol extract of Carduus edelbergii consists of about 19 chemical constituents. Among the identified compounds, the 13-Docosenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)—has the highest concentration (38.16%), followed by 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)—(15.72%) and n-Hexadecanoic acid (15.07%). Methanol extract and its fabricated nanoparticles showed significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In vivo antidiabetic study revealed a noteworthy (p < 0.05) decline in body weight and HDL and elevated concentration of blood glucose, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, triglyceride, VLDL, LDL, ALP, ALT and AST in diabetic control. The said changes were recovered significantly (p < 0.05) by treatment of diabetic rats with methanol extract (150 and 300 mg/Kg BW) and AuNPs of Carduus edelbergii (5 and 10 mg/Kg BW). Conclusion: The green synthesized AuNPs exhibit significant antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic characteristics.

Yapılan bu çalışma ile Türkiye'nin Marmara ve Trakya bölgelerinde üretilen karaçalı (Paliurus spina-christi Mill.) ballarının karakteristik özellikleri ile biyolojik aktif değerleri aydınlatıldı. Toplanan 18 adet karaçalı balları, Marmara bölgesinin farklı bölgelerinden, Bursa, Edirne ve Kırklareli'nin tecrübeli arıcılardan 2018 yılında bal hasat sezonunda ve çevresindeki üreticilerden temin edildi. Balların melissopalinolojik analizleri, fizikokimyasal parametre olarak, pH, nem, renk, iletkenlik ve optik rotasyon değerleri, kimyasal parametre olarak, prolin, şeker bileşenleri, toplam fenolik, flavonoid, tanen miktarları ve fenolik profil analizleri yapıldı. Biyolojik aktif özellik olarak antioksidan aktivite ve antimikrobiyal aktivite kapasiteleri araştırıldı. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre balların palonojik analizleri %65 ile %95 arasında monofloral özelliğe sahip olduğu bulundu. Elde edilen değerler, karaçalı balının monofloral çiçek balı niteliğinde ve yüksek antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal özelliklere sahip kıymetli bir bal olduğunu göstermektedir.