The ambition of this study was to identify the factors that influence the financial situations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Somalia. The research objectives of this study were to determine how capital building affected the financial situations of SMEs in Somalia, how human resource capacity affected the financial situations of SMEs, and what the impact of access to financing was according to the business conditions of SMEs. This study uses both descriptive and quantitative research approaches. The study’s main demographics consisted of 90 SMEs in Somalia; the shortage of female personnel may also be a disadvantage, considering that most paying customers were female. The study’s first research question was to investigate whether the use of committees improves the quality and efficiency of the board’s tasks and mandates. The study’s second research question was to determine the impact of human resources. The study’s findings about market adoption of technological trends also revealed a strong positive relationship between human resource performance and financial performance. The Somali government should implement SME policies based on development and new growth industries, such as migration. Investment and credit firms, such as private sector banks and donor organizations, should lower the requirements for their investments. SME owners and managers should hire educated staff and increase the number of female employees. SME owners and managers should develop training schedules focusing on financial management, innovation, communication, and promotional abilities.

Hospitality organisations have suffered a lot of setbacks, such as low performance caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, during which most management took drastic decisions to retrench talent, and these decisions have engendered low discretionary work behaviour and low emotional labour display amongst its talent. These maladies would have been averted if talent management practices were implemented effectively by hospitality organisations. It is based on this premise that this study investigates the effect of talent management on discretionary work behaviour in hospitality organisations in Nigeria using a survey research design. A sample frame of 820 was drawn from 60 registered hospitality organisations in the south-eastern part of Nigeria. A sample size of 263 was drawn from the sample frame. Linear regression was employed to analyse the formulated hypotheses with the aid of IBM statistical package for the social sciences version 20.0. The findings of the study show that talent management dimensions have significant effects on discretionary work behaviour in hospitality organisations in Nigeria. The study concludes that talent management measured in terms of talent attraction, talent development and talent retention have significant effects on the indicators of discretionary work behaviour. The study recommends that human resource professionals and organisational leaders should utilize talent management as a strategy to enhance discretionary work behaviour in their respective organisations.

The main cryptographic primitives in blockchain networks are hashing functions that are designed to form short and unpredictable digests for the message entered. In blockchain networks, hashing is used to build linked block lists, which provide safe and secure storage of important information in a distributed repository. The peculiarity of the hash search problem in blockchain networks allows applying the maximum parallelization of calculations, what good are multithreaded graphics processors (GPUs). In this paper, we explore the performance of GOST 34.311, STRIBOG, KECCAK, SHA2, RIPEMD160, Blake2b, and Whirlpool cryptographic hashing algorithms. HashCat software and various GPUs were used for comparative analysis of efficiency. GPUs were used: Geforce 740M 2GB; Geforce GTX1050ti 4GB; Rx580 Aorus 4GB; Rx580 Sapphire Pulse 8GB; Sapphire Vega 56 8GB.

Purpose. To establish the factors of the impact of the energy crisis on the formation of a sustainable economy. To propose a method for forecasting the balance of energy production and consumption. To establish the level of correlation between sustainable development indicators and energy indicators. Methodology. Cognition methods were used to perform the work: analysis and synthesis to choose the topic and purpose of the study; content analysis for literature review; critical analysis to identify unsolved aspects of the problem and national characteristics of the crisis; the ascent from the abstract to the concrete to prove the relationship between the energy crisis and achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDG); system analysis to substantiate the need for energy balance and import substitution of energy resources; induction and deduction for the selection of SDGs, which are affected by the energy crisis and energy balance forecasting models, establishing the level of correlation with SDG indicators; idealization and formalization to identify factors inhibiting the formation of a sustainable economy. Findings. It is established that in addition to the global factors of the energy crisis, national economies have their own factors influencing the pace of achieving the SDG. The main reasons for the gap between energy production and consumption and trends in import substitution in the energy sector are indicated. The presence of direct and reverse effects of energy development and sustainable development is proved. It is established that the solution to the problem of sustainable economic development is to systematically ensure the dynamic balance of production and consumption of energy, and import substitution of energy resources. Originality. The reasons for reducing the level of relevance of forecasting and energy plan required to achieve the SDG are identified. There is a significant level of correlation between the Mtoe indicator and groups of SDG indicators and the fact that indicator of relative fluctuations as for average Mtoe is an integral indicator of the SDG achievement. Practical value. The MCDA method and a quantitative approach to its implementation are proposed to forecast energy consumption and to model sustainable development scenarios.