Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with low insulin production and/or insulin resistance. A high-fat diet (HFD) combined with a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) in an animal model produces a disease that mimics type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. However, there is wide variation in the methods of inducing diabetes in terms of the dose of STZ, the duration of the induction period, and the composition of the diet used, all of which could result in biological responses that are not typical of the disease. This review aims to investigate the characteristics of an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by combining a high-fat diet with low doses of streptozotocin in Wistar rats. This is an integrative review conducted by searching in the Medline, Lilacs, and Embase databases using the keywords “type 2 diabetes mellitus”, “high-fat diet”, “streptozotocin” and “Wistar rats”. Articles published in English between 2018 and 2025 were included. The induction of DM2 in young male rats with a high-fat HFD for a period of at least 3 weeks followed by a low dose of STZ resulted in metabolic, histological, inflammatory, and oxidative changes, and alterations in the signaling pathways of glycemic and lipid metabolism in different tissues, replicating the characteristics observed in humans. HFD-fed + STZ-induced Wistar rats constitute an effective animal model for studying DM2.

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa na qual se procura verificar a epidemiologia do Diabetes Mellitus na região Nordeste do Brasil. Estudo epidemiológico descritivo e retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se dados secundários por meio do Sistema de Cadastramento e Acompanhamento de Hipertensos e Diabéticos (HIPERDIA), disponibilizados pelo DATASUS. Analisou-se a epidemiologia do Diabetes Mellitus na região Nordeste do Brasil no ano de 2012. Foram registrados 9.305 casos, predominando a forma diabética tipo II 72,90%. O estado da Bahia apresentou a maior quantidade de casos para ambas as formas patológicas 31,50% e o menor número em Sergipe 2,80%. Verificou-se maior percentual no sexo feminino tanto no tipo I 59,45%, como no tipo II 61,40%. Houve predominância de casos na faixa etária de 40-59 anos. Houve maior prevalência de sedentarismo, em relação ao tabagismo e sobrepeso. Entre as complicações analisadas, o pé diabético, o acidente vascular cerebral e a doença renal foram mais incidentes.

As doenças transmitidas por alimentos contaminados são ocasionadas principalmente pela falta de higienização adequada das mãos dos manipuladores dos alimentos bem como das superfícies em que estes produtos são manipulados. Teve por objetivo realizar a análise microbiológica das mãos de manipuladores e superfícies de manipulação em escolas de um município do Maranhão. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas das mãos de dez manipuladores de alimentos e cinco superfícies de manipulação. Foram feitas as determinações da contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, por meio do método de Tubos Múltiplos em Número Mais Provável. Verificou-se que somente um manipulador não apresentou contaminação pelos micro-organismos estudados, e em relação as superfícies de manipulação todas apresentaram contaminação. Portanto verificou-se que nas escolas avaliadas todas apresentaram falhas no processo de higienização das mãos e das superfícies.

Objective. This research aimed to assess the intake of vitamin E and its relationship with lipid peroxidation markers and C-reactive protein levels in patients with flu symptoms and COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods. A cross-sectional study with 121 patients of both sexes assisted at two basic health units in the city of Teresina, Piau, with COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed through real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, was performed between the 3^rd and 7^th days of flu symptoms. The global nutritional status and the measurement of waist circumference were assessed according to the World Health Organization recommendations. The dietary energy intake, macronutrients, and vitamin E consumption were assessed through the 24hr food recall method. The malondialdehyde plasmatic concentration (MDA) was measured through the method of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was assessed through the oxidation speed of the o-dianisidine substrate in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by a high-sensitivity immunoturbidimetry method. Results. The most common symptoms reported by the participants were sore throat, fever, and cough. Regarding the global nutritional status evaluation, the majority of the sample had overweight. The dietary intake of vitamin E was 100 inadequate and presented a mild correlation (r0.197) with MDA, a redox status marker. No correlation was observed among MPO, CRP, and the dietary intake of vitamin E. Conclusion. The dietary intake of vitamin E was related to MDA as the marker of redox status.

In the present study, the effects of cryolipolysis on one and multiple body areas, assessing body composition, lipid profile and peroxidation and inflammatory markers were investigated. Twenty-four women aged between 20 and 59 years were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) control, (2) cryolipolysis on the abdomen and (3) cryolipolysis on the abdomen + flanks. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance and ultrasound were performed, as well serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-1β) were determined. In addition, food consumption and physical activity level were evaluated. Data were obtained at 0, 10 and 30 days (t0, t10 and t30) after cryolipolysis. Cryolipolysis did not change anthropometric measurements, body composition or lipid profile. Interestingly, the abdomen + flanks group had significantly increased plasma myeloperoxidase activity at t0, t10 and t30, and increased malondialdehyde levels at t0 and t10 when compared to the other groups. Furthermore, there were no differences between macronutrient intake and total energy value, physical activity level, malondialdehyde and interleukin-1β at t30. Cryolipolysis did not change body composition, lipid profile or inflammatory markers investigated. On the other hand, when used on the abdomen and flanks, it produced an increase in lipid peroxidation markers, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase.