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Polymer composites have been identified as the most innovative and selective materials known in the 21st century. Presently, polymer concrete composites (PCC) made from industrial or agricultural waste are becoming more popular as the demand for high-strength concrete for various applications is increasing. Polymer concrete composites not only provide high strength properties but also provide specific characteristics, such as high durability, decreased drying shrinkage, reduced permeability, and chemical or heat resistance. This paper provides a detailed review of the utilization of polymer composites in the construction industry based on the circular economy model. This paper provides an updated and detailed report on the effects of polymer composites in concrete as supplementary cementitious materials and a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature on their utilization and the production of polymer composites. A detailed review of a variety of polymers, their qualities, performance, and classification, and various polymer composite production methods is given to select the best polymer composite materials for specific applications. PCCs have become a promising alternative for the reuse of waste materials due to their exceptional performance. Based on the findings of the studies evaluated, it can be concluded that more research is needed to provide a foundation for a regulatory structure for the acceptance of polymer composites.
Hatem Alhazmi; Syyed Shah; Muhammad Anwar; Ali Raza; Muhammad Ullah; Fahad Iqbal. Utilization of Polymer Concrete Composites for a Circular Economy: A Comparative Review for Assessment of Recycling and Waste Utilization. Polymers 2021, 13, 2135 .
AMA StyleHatem Alhazmi, Syyed Shah, Muhammad Anwar, Ali Raza, Muhammad Ullah, Fahad Iqbal. Utilization of Polymer Concrete Composites for a Circular Economy: A Comparative Review for Assessment of Recycling and Waste Utilization. Polymers. 2021; 13 (13):2135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHatem Alhazmi; Syyed Shah; Muhammad Anwar; Ali Raza; Muhammad Ullah; Fahad Iqbal. 2021. "Utilization of Polymer Concrete Composites for a Circular Economy: A Comparative Review for Assessment of Recycling and Waste Utilization." Polymers 13, no. 13: 2135.
In this research, the aim relates to the material characterization of high-energy lithium-ion pouch cells. The development of appropriate model cell behavior is intended to simulate two scenarios: the first is mechanical deformation during a crash and the second is an internal short circuit in lithium-ion cells during the actual effect scenarios. The punch test has been used as a benchmark to analyze the effects of different state of charge conditions on high-energy lithium-ion battery cells. This article explores the impact of three separate factors on the outcomes of mechanical punch indentation experiments. The first parameter analyzed was the degree of prediction brought about by experiments on high-energy cells with two different states of charge (greater and lesser), with four different sizes of indentation punch, from the cell’s reaction during the indentation effects on electrolyte. Second, the results of the loading position, middle versus side, are measured at quasi-static speeds. The third parameter was the effect on an electrolyte with a different state of charge. The repeatability of the experiments on punch loading was the last test function analyzed. The test results of a greater than 10% state of charge and less than 10% state of charge were compared to further refine and validate this modeling method. The different loading scenarios analyzed in this study also showed great predictability in the load-displacement reaction and the onset short circuit. A theoretical model of the cell was modified for use in comprehensive mechanical deformation. The overall conclusion found that the loading initiating the cell’s electrical short circuit is not instantaneously instigated and it is subsequently used to process the development of a precise and practical computational model that will reduce the chances of the internal short course during the crash.
Lihua Ye; Muhammad Ashfaq; Aiping Shi; Syyed Shah; Yefan Shi. Performance Analysis of Indentation Punch on High Energy Lithium Pouch Cells and Simulated Model Improvement. Polymers 2021, 13, 1971 .
AMA StyleLihua Ye, Muhammad Ashfaq, Aiping Shi, Syyed Shah, Yefan Shi. Performance Analysis of Indentation Punch on High Energy Lithium Pouch Cells and Simulated Model Improvement. Polymers. 2021; 13 (12):1971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLihua Ye; Muhammad Ashfaq; Aiping Shi; Syyed Shah; Yefan Shi. 2021. "Performance Analysis of Indentation Punch on High Energy Lithium Pouch Cells and Simulated Model Improvement." Polymers 13, no. 12: 1971.
Numerous environmental issues arise as a result of a linear economy strategy: reserves become scarce and end up in landfills and as greenhouse gases. Utilizing waste as a resource or shifting towards a circular economy are among the effective strategies for addressing these issues. To track this shift, appropriate measures that concentrate on sustainable development while taking practical contexts into consideration are required. In this paper, we utilize plastic wastes as a replacement for bitumen for reuse aiming at a circular economy. The use of plastic waste materials, i.e., plastic bottles (PET) and gas pipes (PE) in asphalt materials as a bitumen modifier was studied through series of experimental lab test methods. Marshall samples were prepared using a conventional Marshall method containing five different percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of plastic content by total weight of bitumen. Samples were tested after 1 and 30 days and the result shows that the stability of plastic-modified asphalt concrete was increased after 30 days, while still meeting standard criteria with plastic contents up to 20%. Moreover, the addition of waste plastic in road construction is a very effective strategy for reusing plastic waste, which also provides economic and social benefits for a sustainable approach to road pavements.
Muhammad Anwar; Syyed Shah; Hatem Alhazmi. Recycling and Utilization of Polymers for Road Construction Projects: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept. Polymers 2021, 13, 1330 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Anwar, Syyed Shah, Hatem Alhazmi. Recycling and Utilization of Polymers for Road Construction Projects: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept. Polymers. 2021; 13 (8):1330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Anwar; Syyed Shah; Hatem Alhazmi. 2021. "Recycling and Utilization of Polymers for Road Construction Projects: An Application of the Circular Economy Concept." Polymers 13, no. 8: 1330.
Limited research work is available in the literature for the theoretical estimates of axial compressive strength of columns reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars. In the present work, an experimental database of 278 FRP-reinforced concrete (RC) compression members was established from the literature to recommend an empirical model that can accurately predict the axial strength (AS) of GFRP-RC specimens. An initial assessment of 13 different previously anticipated empirical models was executed to achieve a general form of the AS model. Finally, a new empirical equation for forecasting the AS of GFRP-RC short columns was proposed using the curve fitting and regression analysis technique. The performance of the proposed empirical model over the previous experimental database represented its higher accuracy as related to that of other models. For the further justification of the anticipated model, a numerical model of GFRP-RC columns was simulated using ABAQUS and a wide parametric study of 600 GFRP-RC samples was executed to generate a numerical database and investigate the influence of various parameters using numerical and empirical models. The comparison between theoretical and numerical predictions with R2 = 0.77 indicted that the anticipated empirical model is accurate enough to apprehend the AS of FRP-RC specimens.
Ali Raza; Syyed Shah; Hatem Alhazmi; Muhammad Abrar; Samia Razzaq. Strength Profile Pattern of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Performance Analysis through Finite Element Analysis and Empirical Modeling Technique. Polymers 2021, 13, 1265 .
AMA StyleAli Raza, Syyed Shah, Hatem Alhazmi, Muhammad Abrar, Samia Razzaq. Strength Profile Pattern of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Performance Analysis through Finite Element Analysis and Empirical Modeling Technique. Polymers. 2021; 13 (8):1265.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Raza; Syyed Shah; Hatem Alhazmi; Muhammad Abrar; Samia Razzaq. 2021. "Strength Profile Pattern of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Performance Analysis through Finite Element Analysis and Empirical Modeling Technique." Polymers 13, no. 8: 1265.
The emission and mitigation of greenhouse gases transforms the status of urban environments. However, a policy accounting for all the aspects associated with transport is lacking. Problems related to transport include a greater reliance on cars, increased congestion, and environmental impacts. The absence of an efficient public transport system is a notable cause of the prompt escalation of diverse problems, for example, increases in the number of personal automobiles causes congestion on the road, resulting in air pollution, ubiquitous greenhouse effects and noise pollution, which ultimately affect human health. Transit oriented development (TOD) has been suggested as a solution to these problems. This paper reviews the impacts of transit development on urban development, greenhouse impact, the environment, economy, property value, travel behavior, and health etc., highlighting the policy issues which hinder TOD. Implementation of TOD has a strong impact on shaping the urban form, redevelopment, and the upgradation of old areas. Controlling transit phenomena will also help to control the emission and mitigation of greenhouse gases. This study will help in improving the urban environment and climatic condition of regions.
Liaqat Ali; Ahsan Nawaz; Shahid Iqbal; Muhammad Aamir Basheer; Javaria Hameed; Gadah Albasher; Syyed Shah; Yong Bai. Dynamics of Transit Oriented Development, Role of Greenhouse Gases and Urban Environment: A Study for Management and Policy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2536 .
AMA StyleLiaqat Ali, Ahsan Nawaz, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir Basheer, Javaria Hameed, Gadah Albasher, Syyed Shah, Yong Bai. Dynamics of Transit Oriented Development, Role of Greenhouse Gases and Urban Environment: A Study for Management and Policy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2536.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiaqat Ali; Ahsan Nawaz; Shahid Iqbal; Muhammad Aamir Basheer; Javaria Hameed; Gadah Albasher; Syyed Shah; Yong Bai. 2021. "Dynamics of Transit Oriented Development, Role of Greenhouse Gases and Urban Environment: A Study for Management and Policy." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2536.
Since rapid growth and car-oriented patterns became a global threat and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) levels are advancing, strategies to redesign the built environment into healthier spaces have gained importance. Walkability plays a central role in this context. However, the literature is dominated by studies from western industrialized countries. In this paper, we employed structural equational modeling to analyze perceptual data collected from different neighborhoods of Muscat. We compared the responses regarding environmental attributes to the frequency of walking for transport. We found that land use mix combined with low residential density are the factors that have the highest impact on pedestrian activity. Conversely, the estimates of the pedestrian infrastructure were surprisingly low, suggesting that, in car dominant societies, walking perceptions are affected by drivers’ perspectives.
Gustavo Siqueira; Ahmad Adeel; Petrit Pasha; Amal Balushi; Syyed Shah. Sustainable Transportation and Policy Development: A Study for Impact Analysis of Mobility Patterns and Neighborhood Assessment of Walking Behavior. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1871 .
AMA StyleGustavo Siqueira, Ahmad Adeel, Petrit Pasha, Amal Balushi, Syyed Shah. Sustainable Transportation and Policy Development: A Study for Impact Analysis of Mobility Patterns and Neighborhood Assessment of Walking Behavior. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1871.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGustavo Siqueira; Ahmad Adeel; Petrit Pasha; Amal Balushi; Syyed Shah. 2021. "Sustainable Transportation and Policy Development: A Study for Impact Analysis of Mobility Patterns and Neighborhood Assessment of Walking Behavior." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1871.
Disaster is a state of serious disruptions in the functionality of any society or county. Disasters pose serious economic or environmental impacts that surpass the capacity of the affected country or society to compete with the use of their assets. Recently, Pakistan significantly prone to health disasters due to COVID-19 among developing South Asian countries. The long-term impact of health disasters and other natural hazards put additional pressure mostly on the government's economic policy. It forces the government to follow a constructive approach like a disaster relief-based approach rather than a conventional mitigation management formation to reduce the impact of disaster risk. This study elaborates on the main issues associated with disaster preparedness as well as recovery of the economy and businesses of the country. For Scientific risk performance analysis, open-source data from the National Institute of Disaster Management (NDMA) has been utilized to study the current situation of COVID-19 in Pakistan. Results show Pakistan has been facing a highly vulnerable situation as more than three hundred and fifty thousand confirmed cases have been reported. Poor health and technical management facilities have been exposed against COVID-19 as Pakistan has a low heath budget because of its declining GDP growth rate in the world. This research will help in disaster preparedness and the development of a disaster risk management framework while designing strategies to deal with such pandemics in the future.
Chunhui Huo; Javaria Hameed; Ahsan Nawaz; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Gadah Albahser; Wedad Alqahtani; Ahsen Maqsoom; Muhammad Kashif Anwar. Scientific risk performance analysis and development of disaster management framework: A case study of developing Asian countries. Journal of King Saud University - Science 2021, 33, 101348 .
AMA StyleChunhui Huo, Javaria Hameed, Ahsan Nawaz, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Gadah Albahser, Wedad Alqahtani, Ahsen Maqsoom, Muhammad Kashif Anwar. Scientific risk performance analysis and development of disaster management framework: A case study of developing Asian countries. Journal of King Saud University - Science. 2021; 33 (2):101348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunhui Huo; Javaria Hameed; Ahsan Nawaz; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Gadah Albahser; Wedad Alqahtani; Ahsen Maqsoom; Muhammad Kashif Anwar. 2021. "Scientific risk performance analysis and development of disaster management framework: A case study of developing Asian countries." Journal of King Saud University - Science 33, no. 2: 101348.
Rigid pavement structures are one of the costly components of the infrastructure development process. It consumes a huge quantity of ingredients necessary for concrete development. Hence, a newly introduced concept of circular economy in combination with waste management was introduced to solve this problem. In this study, three waste products (rice husk ash (RHA), wood sawdust (WSD), and processes waste tea (PWT)) was utilized to develop the concrete for rigid pavement structures by replacing the sand, i.e., a filler material at different percentages. During the testing procedure of compressive (CS), tensile (TS), and flexural strength (FS) properties, RHA and WSD at 5% replacement were found to be a good replacement of sand to develop required concrete. This study will help in the production of eco-friendly rigid pavement structures and a pathway of life cycle assessment in the future.
Hatem Alhazmi; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Aamir Basheer. Performance Evaluation of Road Pavement Green Concrete: An Application of Advance Decision-Making Approach before Life Cycle Assessment. Coatings 2021, 11, 74 .
AMA StyleHatem Alhazmi, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Muhammad Aamir Basheer. Performance Evaluation of Road Pavement Green Concrete: An Application of Advance Decision-Making Approach before Life Cycle Assessment. Coatings. 2021; 11 (1):74.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHatem Alhazmi; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Aamir Basheer. 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Road Pavement Green Concrete: An Application of Advance Decision-Making Approach before Life Cycle Assessment." Coatings 11, no. 1: 74.
The global demand for drinking water is increasing day by day. Different methods are used for desalination of water, which can help in the conservation of resources, such as seawater, highly saline, or treated water underground reservoirs. Polluted water can be treated by the utilization of different advanced techniques. In this study, wastewater mixed canal water has been taken into consideration for the utilization of humans and agriculture use as well. A two-stage conceptual methodology has been proposed to deal with the water conservation and utilization process. In the first phase, power has been produced using a Belgian vortex turbine, which is a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly technology working without disturbing waterways. The power produced by the vortex machine will be utilized to operate the water treatment plant to obtain clean water for utilization in the second phase. Since enough energy is produced, and its availability to the water head level base is a natural resource, this energy can be used to fulfill daily water requirements by maximizing the energy-driven treatment process as per WHO Guidelines. Water quality can be monitored at regular intervals, depending upon the selection and installation of a treatment plant. An increase in efficiency comes from nearly exponential patterns depending on water velocity and availability. This technique will not only help in the production of clean water but will also help in the conservation of groundwater resources and the efficient utilization of wastewater.
Muhammad Nisar; Syyed Shah; Muhammad Tariq; Muhammad Waseem. Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Utilization: A Conceptual Innovative Recycling Solution System for Water Resource Recovery. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10350 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Nisar, Syyed Shah, Muhammad Tariq, Muhammad Waseem. Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Utilization: A Conceptual Innovative Recycling Solution System for Water Resource Recovery. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10350.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Nisar; Syyed Shah; Muhammad Tariq; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Sustainable Wastewater Treatment and Utilization: A Conceptual Innovative Recycling Solution System for Water Resource Recovery." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10350.
The increasing costs of virgin content, decreasing resources, and growing plastic waste have shifted the research momentum towards green and sustainable road pavements. Hence, in recent years, various researchers have worked on the utilization of different types of plastic wastes in asphalt concrete by replacing it with binder content. Under this premise, this study examines the effect of expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) as a replacement to the binder at seven different dosages ranging from 5% to 50%. The bitumen of 60/70 grade was utilized in this study. The fresh properties of polymer-modified bitumen were checked and compared to that of conventional specimens. The mechanical properties of all specimens were investigated in terms of Marshall Stability properties. The results indicated that the adding of PEB improves the stability of modified asphalt concrete. Furthermore, the addition of EPS by substituting bitumen content could be a promising way to reduce the environmental impact of bitumen, and will also help in economic infrastructure development.
Muhammad Kashif Anwar; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Muhammad Hasnain Saeed; Aqsa Nisar; Asfar Nasir Khan; Muhammad Waseem. Performance Evaluation of Modified Bitumen Using EPS Beads for Green and Sustainable Development of Polymer-Based Asphalt Mixtures. Proceedings 2020, 69, 36 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Kashif Anwar, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi, Muhammad Hasnain Saeed, Aqsa Nisar, Asfar Nasir Khan, Muhammad Waseem. Performance Evaluation of Modified Bitumen Using EPS Beads for Green and Sustainable Development of Polymer-Based Asphalt Mixtures. Proceedings. 2020; 69 (1):36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Kashif Anwar; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Muhammad Hasnain Saeed; Aqsa Nisar; Asfar Nasir Khan; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Modified Bitumen Using EPS Beads for Green and Sustainable Development of Polymer-Based Asphalt Mixtures." Proceedings 69, no. 1: 36.
Green revolution and high carbon footprint concepts have attracted the development of a green and sustainable environment. This work endeavors to investigate the behavior of recycled aggregate geopolymer concrete (RAGC) developed with four different types of effluents to develop sustainability in the construction industry and to produce an eco-friendly environment. Each of the types of effluents was used by completely replacing the freshwater in RAGC to examine its influence on compressive strength (CS), chloride ion migration (CIM), split tensile strength (STS), and resistance to the sulfuric acid attack of RAGC at various testing ages. The test outputs portray that the effluent obtained from the textile mill performed well for the CS (25% higher than the control mix) and STS (17% higher than the control mix) of RAGC. Similarly, the highest mass loss of RAGC due to the acid attack (41% higher than control mix) and the highest CIM (29% higher than control mix) were represented by the RAGC mix made with effluent obtained from fertilizer mill. The statistical analysis indicated no significant influence of using textile mill effluent (TE), fertilizer mill effluent (FE), and sugar mill effluent (SE) on the STS, CIM, and mass loss due to acid attack while it presented a significant influence on the CS of various mixes. Therefore, this investigation solidly substantiates the acceptability of studied types of effluents for the fabrication of eco-friendly green materials.
Hatem Alhazmi; Syyed Shah; Atif Mahmood. Sustainable Development of Innovative Green Construction Materials: A Study for Economical Eco-Friendly Recycled Aggregate Based Geopolymer Concrete. Materials 2020, 13, 4881 .
AMA StyleHatem Alhazmi, Syyed Shah, Atif Mahmood. Sustainable Development of Innovative Green Construction Materials: A Study for Economical Eco-Friendly Recycled Aggregate Based Geopolymer Concrete. Materials. 2020; 13 (21):4881.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHatem Alhazmi; Syyed Shah; Atif Mahmood. 2020. "Sustainable Development of Innovative Green Construction Materials: A Study for Economical Eco-Friendly Recycled Aggregate Based Geopolymer Concrete." Materials 13, no. 21: 4881.
The present research aims to propose new models for predicting the axial load-carrying capacity of concrete columns reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. Two different approaches i.e. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and empirical modeling, were adopted for achieving the aim. A large database of 279 specimens of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns was developed from the literature. The proposed ANN model was calibrated for the different number of neurons in the hidden layers to achieve an optimized model. Furthermore, a preliminary evaluation of the previously proposed empirical models for predicting the axial capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns was performed over the developed database to obtain a more general form of the model. The currently proposed ANN and empirical models presented a close agreement with the experimental database with R2 = 0.848 and R2 = 0.730, respectively. The comparative study of the predictions represents that the currently proposed models are more accurate than the previously proposed models for predicting the axial capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns. Moreover, an extensive parametric study of 600 specimens was performed using the proposed empirical model to examine the effect of various material and geometric parameters of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns.
Ali Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Faraz Ul Haq; Hunain Arshad; Syed Safdar Raza; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem. Prediction of axial load-carrying capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns through artificial neural networks. Structures 2020, 28, 1557 -1571.
AMA StyleAli Raza, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Faraz Ul Haq, Hunain Arshad, Syed Safdar Raza, Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Waseem. Prediction of axial load-carrying capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns through artificial neural networks. Structures. 2020; 28 ():1557-1571.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Faraz Ul Haq; Hunain Arshad; Syed Safdar Raza; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Prediction of axial load-carrying capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete columns through artificial neural networks." Structures 28, no. : 1557-1571.
The behaviour of asphalt concrete mixtures is difficult to understand due to its complex nature under different loading conditions and environmental factors. For prediction, there is a need to find mathematical relations between multiple inputs and outputs using a simple and precise way. Recently, artificial neural networks (ANNs) has been widely used to study the mechanical parameters of asphalt concrete materials and its applications in civil engineering fields. This study presents the application of ANNs method for prediction of Marshall stability of asphalt concrete developed with two different types of aggregates based on mineralogy under four different testing temperatures ranging between 25 °C and 60 °C. The ANNs model established with six input variables including temperature, aggregate type, ultrasonic pulse velocity–time and space volume, unit volume of dry air, and saturated surface dry weight. The proposed model developed using six neurons in hidden layer for the prediction of experimental data. The feasibility of the proposed model checked in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The R2 values found within range during both training (0.909–0.999) and validation phase (0.886–0.997) depending on estimated parameters. Moreover, the influence of different aggregate type has been investigated under varying temperatures conditions using the proposed ANNs method. The proposed model has shown the potential to understand the mechanical behaviour of sustainable asphalt concretes accurately under various temperature conditions.
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Kashif Anwar; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Aqsa Nisar; Asfar Nasir Khan; Muhammad Waseem. Marshall stability and flow analysis of asphalt concrete under progressive temperature conditions: An application of advance decision-making approach. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 262, 120756 .
AMA StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Muhammad Kashif Anwar, Hunain Arshad, Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi, Aqsa Nisar, Asfar Nasir Khan, Muhammad Waseem. Marshall stability and flow analysis of asphalt concrete under progressive temperature conditions: An application of advance decision-making approach. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 262 ():120756.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Muhammad Kashif Anwar; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Aqsa Nisar; Asfar Nasir Khan; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Marshall stability and flow analysis of asphalt concrete under progressive temperature conditions: An application of advance decision-making approach." Construction and Building Materials 262, no. : 120756.
This study has strived to explore the mechanical and durability performance of concrete developed using various types of wastewater. Five different types of wastewater including textile factory wastewater, fertilizer factory wastewater, domestic sewerage wastewater, service station wastewater, and sugar factory wastewater were used in the mixing of concrete and the testing results were compared with that of the concrete developed using portable water. Two mechanical properties (compressive strength and split tensile strength) and three durability properties of concrete (water absorption, sulfuric acid attack, and chloride penetration) at different ages were studied for each type of wastewater. The testing results indicated that the use of textile factory wastewater in the development of concrete presented the highest compressive strength (42.9 MPa) and split tensile strength (4.05 MPa) that were 119.49% and 116.29% of that of the concrete developed using portable water. The highest water absorption capacity was observed for the concrete mix developed using domestic sewerage wastewater that was about 120.65% compared with that of water absorption of concrete developed using portable water at 90 days. Similarly, the use of fertilizer factory wastewater in the development of concrete presented the highest percentage of mass loss due to attack of 4% H2SO4 solution (18.69% at the age of 120 days) and the highest chloride penetration (15.71 mm at the age of 28 days) that were 124.93% and 122.78% of that of the concrete developed using portable water. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test at the 5% significance level portrayed a significant difference between the compressive strengths of concrete mixes while no significant difference for the split tensile strengths, water absorption, acid attack, and chloride penetration was observed for the concrete mixes developed using various types of wastewater.
Ali Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Syed Noman Hussain Kazmi; Rana Qasim Ali; Hasnain Akhtar; Saleem Fakhar; Farukh Nawaz Khan; Atif Mahmood. Performance evaluation of concrete developed using various types of wastewater: A step towards sustainability. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 262, 120608 .
AMA StyleAli Raza, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Syed Noman Hussain Kazmi, Rana Qasim Ali, Hasnain Akhtar, Saleem Fakhar, Farukh Nawaz Khan, Atif Mahmood. Performance evaluation of concrete developed using various types of wastewater: A step towards sustainability. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 262 ():120608.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Syed Noman Hussain Kazmi; Rana Qasim Ali; Hasnain Akhtar; Saleem Fakhar; Farukh Nawaz Khan; Atif Mahmood. 2020. "Performance evaluation of concrete developed using various types of wastewater: A step towards sustainability." Construction and Building Materials 262, no. : 120608.
Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) have wide applications in the field of concrete construction due to their superior performance over conventional materials. This research focuses on the structural behavior of steel tube FRP jacket–confined concrete (STFC) columns under axial concentric loading and proposes a new empirical equation for predicting the axial load-carrying capacity of STFC columns having thickness of FRP-fabric ranging from 0.09 mm to 5.9 mm. A large database of 700 FRP-confined concrete specimens is developed with the detailed information of critical parameters, i.e. elastic modulus of FRPs (Ef), compressive strength of unconfined concrete (fc’o), diameter of specimen (D), height of specimen (H), total thickness of FRPs (N.tf), and the ultimate strength of confined concrete (fc’c). After the preliminary evaluation of constructed database, a new empirical model is proposed for the prediction of axial compressive strength of FRP-confined specimens using general regression analysis by minimizing the error functions such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The proposed FRP-confinement strength model presented higher accuracy as compared with previously proposed models. Finally, an equation is proposed for the predictions of axial load carrying capacity of STFC columns. For the validation of proposed equation, an extensive parametric study is performed using the proposed nonlinear finite element model (FEM). The FEM is calibrated using the load-deflection results of STFC columns from literature. A close agreement was observed between the predictions of proposed finite element model and proposed capacity equation.
Ali Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Mudasser Muneer Khan; Faraz Ul Haq; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem. Axial Load-carrying Capacity of Steel Tubed Concrete Short Columns Confined with Advanced FRP Composites. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAli Raza, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Mudasser Muneer Khan, Faraz Ul Haq, Hunain Arshad, Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Waseem. Axial Load-carrying Capacity of Steel Tubed Concrete Short Columns Confined with Advanced FRP Composites. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Raza; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Mudasser Muneer Khan; Faraz Ul Haq; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Axial Load-carrying Capacity of Steel Tubed Concrete Short Columns Confined with Advanced FRP Composites." Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering , no. : 1.
Accident risk analysis for human safety and infrastructural improvement are key requirements of the engineering sector. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize problematic segments of roads based upon the risk evaluation concept and to focus on the severity of accidents regarding human life loss and easy manoeuvring. This study includes the concept of considering road segments as decision-making units for application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique which has no compulsion of the distribution function and critical assumptions, unlike the multiple regression models. According to the proposed methodology, a section of Motorway (M-2) Lahore-Islamabad has been analyzed. Out of 200 segments under consideration, 99 segments were selected with at least one accident and one injury or fatality. Furthermore, for risk calculation and ranking of road segments, the DEA technique along with the cross-risk matrix method was applied. This optimization technique could not only be helpful in ranking but also technical decision-making and prioritizations for safety improvement, policymaking and budget allocation.
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Naveed Ahmad. Accident risk analysis based on motorway exposure: an application of benchmarking technique for human safety. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion 2020, 27, 308 -318.
AMA StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Naveed Ahmad. Accident risk analysis based on motorway exposure: an application of benchmarking technique for human safety. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. 2020; 27 (3):308-318.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Naveed Ahmad. 2020. "Accident risk analysis based on motorway exposure: an application of benchmarking technique for human safety." International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion 27, no. 3: 308-318.
Estimating the quantitate contribution of climate and land use change is necessary for planning water resources. Tarbela catchment in Pakistan was selected for this study. The Mann Kendall and Pettit test has been used for trend analysis of hydro climatic variables. Original climate elasticity method and improved empirical model of precipitation have been used. The results of trend analysis showed that precipitation and runoff trends decreased and potential evaporation trends increased. The annual rainfall and runoff presented a change point around the years 1999 and 1994 respectively. According to change point analysis, the runoff series was divided into two parts. The period before change point has been regarded as the pre-change period and the period after change point has been regarded as the post change period. According to the original climate elasticity method, the relative contribution of climate change and land use change has been computed as 39.3% and 60.7% respectively. Similarly the improved empirical model of precipitation showed relative contributions of climate change as 41.7% and the same for land use change as 58.3%. To validate the land use change contribution we prepared land use maps. It can be concluded that land use and climate change are responsible for runoff change in Tarbela catchment, and both methods performed well and results are in agreement.
Rana Shahram Shaukat; Mudasser Muneer Khan; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Shoaib; Tanveer Ahmad Khan; Muhammad Asif Aslam. Quantitative Contribution of Climate Change and Land Use Change to Runoff in Tarbela Catchment, Pakistan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2020, 29, 3295 -3304.
AMA StyleRana Shahram Shaukat, Mudasser Muneer Khan, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Shoaib, Tanveer Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Asif Aslam. Quantitative Contribution of Climate Change and Land Use Change to Runoff in Tarbela Catchment, Pakistan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2020; 29 (5):3295-3304.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Shahram Shaukat; Mudasser Muneer Khan; Muhammad Shahid; Muhammad Shoaib; Tanveer Ahmad Khan; Muhammad Asif Aslam. 2020. "Quantitative Contribution of Climate Change and Land Use Change to Runoff in Tarbela Catchment, Pakistan." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29, no. 5: 3295-3304.
The development of the bus rapid transit system (BRTS) is tremendously growing in developing countries of the world. In large cities, the projection of transportation intends to enhance economic growth and changes the image of the city for both residents and outsiders. The purpose of this research was to study the application of alternative options for energy efficient BRTS in developing countries. The BRTS has some of its accessibility patterns that relate to the socio-economic strata. A decision-making efficiency analysis methodology has been applied to analyze the comparative analysis of both conventional fuel and hybrid bus systems for the Multan city of Pakistan. The section-wise application of a hybrid energy-based bus system has been analyzed in comparison to the conventional bus system. Out of 21 stations, the efficiency-wise hybrid bus system remained superior or equivalent to the standard value of 1 except one midpoint section. The finding of the analysis indicates that the hybrid mechanism of buses can not only replace a conventional fuel-based system, but will also help as an energy-efficient and eco-friendly economical solution. This study will help to revolutionize the bus rapid transit system in developing countries.
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Monib Shahzad; Naveed Ahmad; Abdullah Zamad; Sabahat Hussan; Muhammad Asif Aslam; Ahsan Rehman Khan; Muhammad Abdullah Asif; Gullnaz Shahzadi; Muhammad Waseem. Performance Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System: A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Approaches for Energy Efficient Eco-Friendly Public Transport System. Energies 2020, 13, 1377 .
AMA StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Monib Shahzad, Naveed Ahmad, Abdullah Zamad, Sabahat Hussan, Muhammad Asif Aslam, Ahsan Rehman Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Asif, Gullnaz Shahzadi, Muhammad Waseem. Performance Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System: A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Approaches for Energy Efficient Eco-Friendly Public Transport System. Energies. 2020; 13 (6):1377.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Monib Shahzad; Naveed Ahmad; Abdullah Zamad; Sabahat Hussan; Muhammad Asif Aslam; Ahsan Rehman Khan; Muhammad Abdullah Asif; Gullnaz Shahzadi; Muhammad Waseem. 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System: A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Approaches for Energy Efficient Eco-Friendly Public Transport System." Energies 13, no. 6: 1377.
During the development of symmetric asphalt concrete material samples, aggregates play a vital role in the performance of its production. Shape characteristics and aggregates geology are two major factors influencing strength parameters of the asphalt concrete mix. In this study, two different geological sources of aggregates with different shape characterizations have been utilized for the development of the asphalt concrete mix. In addition to that, the stability analysis has been performed under different temperature conditions ranging between 25 and 60 °C. By the application of the destructive technique (DT) and non-destructive technique (NDT), the performance of the asphalt concrete mix has been analyzed and compared based on the geology of aggregates under various temperatures. Furthermore, a statistical model has been developed to analyze the stability and performance of the developed asphalt concrete mix with reference to regional climatic conditions. This study will help in the development of symmetric formation of sustainable asphalt materials.
Muhammad Kashif Anwar; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Abdullah Naveed Sadiq; Muhammad Usman Siddiq; Hassam Ahmad; Saqib Nawaz; Asif Javead; Muhammad Hasnain Saeed; Ahsan Rehman Khan. Symmetric Performance Analysis for Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Asphalt Materials under Varying Temperature Conditions: An Application of DT and NDT Digital Techniques. Symmetry 2020, 12, 433 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Kashif Anwar, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Abdullah Naveed Sadiq, Muhammad Usman Siddiq, Hassam Ahmad, Saqib Nawaz, Asif Javead, Muhammad Hasnain Saeed, Ahsan Rehman Khan. Symmetric Performance Analysis for Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Asphalt Materials under Varying Temperature Conditions: An Application of DT and NDT Digital Techniques. Symmetry. 2020; 12 (3):433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Kashif Anwar; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Abdullah Naveed Sadiq; Muhammad Usman Siddiq; Hassam Ahmad; Saqib Nawaz; Asif Javead; Muhammad Hasnain Saeed; Ahsan Rehman Khan. 2020. "Symmetric Performance Analysis for Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Asphalt Materials under Varying Temperature Conditions: An Application of DT and NDT Digital Techniques." Symmetry 12, no. 3: 433.
The sustainable development of materials is one of the key targets in the modern era of engineering. These materials are developed by different waste products, following the concept of the circular economy. This study focuses on investigating the properties of concrete using carbon black as a partial replacement of natural fine aggregate at different percentages. Experiments were designed according to the British Standard (BS1881-Part-119) and American Standard (ASTM C-78) by including carbon black in concrete beams to perform as filler material to develop sustainable concrete. In this study, mechanical properties of concrete were targeted by developing beams using different percentages (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) as a replacement of fine aggregates. These beams were tested for flexural strength and, later on, the same beams were cut in the form of cubes, following the equivalent cube test mechanism for the compressive strength test. The waste carbon black lightweight concrete developed in this study was utilized for both structural and non-structural purposes. At 25% and 50% replacement, the strength of lightweight concrete varied from 20–18 MPa, and according to American Concrete Institute (ACI) standards, lightweight concrete at 28 days strength with ≥17 MPa can be used as structural concrete, and the remaining 75% and 100% replacement concrete can be used for non-structural purposes. This study will help in the development of economical eco-friendly sustainable concrete materials.
Faizan Ali; Mishmal Ahmed Khan; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Nasir Mahmood Khan; Zia Khursheed; Hafiz Shahzaib Rahim; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem; Khan. Utilization of Pyrolytic Carbon Black Waste for the Development of Sustainable Materials. Processes 2020, 8, 174 .
AMA StyleFaizan Ali, Mishmal Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, Nasir Mahmood Khan, Zia Khursheed, Hafiz Shahzaib Rahim, Hunain Arshad, Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Waseem, Khan. Utilization of Pyrolytic Carbon Black Waste for the Development of Sustainable Materials. Processes. 2020; 8 (2):174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaizan Ali; Mishmal Ahmed Khan; Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi; Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah; Nasir Mahmood Khan; Zia Khursheed; Hafiz Shahzaib Rahim; Hunain Arshad; Muhammad Farhan; Muhammad Waseem; Khan. 2020. "Utilization of Pyrolytic Carbon Black Waste for the Development of Sustainable Materials." Processes 8, no. 2: 174.