The domestic silkworm or mulberry silk moth, B. mori L., provides more than 99% of the world’s silk. Silk, as a sericulture product, was first introduced in Indonesia through a trade mechanism and began to develop in 1953. Several factors (economic, ecological, market, and cultural) support sericulture and make it become one of the non-timber forest product priorities. However, the competitive advantages alone have not encouraged the development of prospective sericulture industry in Indonesia yet. This paper is a review of tropical sericulture development in Indonesia. The literature on the development of sericulture in Indonesia between 1989 and 2022 is used to describe conditions related to mulberry cultivation (moriculture), and silkworm rearing (sericulture), as well as the state of socio-economic development, culture, and institutions. Moriculture and sericulture techniques, socio-economic aspects, institutional arrangements, and community motivations are intertwined, creating a challenging atmosphere for sericulture development. There are potential resources, such as exploring quality mulberry production and quality silkworm production through research and development, valuable cultural aspects, and potential stakeholders to build network engagement. Commitment, cooperation, and action from all stakeholders are needed to enhance the development of sericulture in Indonesia. In this context, the central government can play an important role in facilitating multi-stakeholder partnerships in the development of integrated sericulture in Indonesia.

Kushartati Budiningsih, Prakoso Bhairawa Putera, Ari Nurlia, Nur Arifatul Ulya, Fitri Nurfatriani, Mimi Salminah, Dhany Yuniati and Asmanah Widarti. J Ecol Environ 2024;48:. https://doi.org/10.5141/jee.24.037

The transition to a circular bioeconomy system is increasingly important to support sustainability in the forestry industry sector. However, in practice, this remains difficult to implement, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study aims to understand how the transition to a circular system occurs and to formulate a suitable business model for the SME-based wood furniture industry in Indonesia. This study adopts a qualitative approach combining the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) framework, SWOT analysis, and Ecocanvas model, supported by field data. The results show that the transition to a circular system does not occur quickly but rather gradually, adjusted to business conditions. This occurs because business actors have various limitations, such as technology, capital, knowledge, skills, and systems that are not well organized. To address these conditions, business actors do not immediately change their entire work system, but gradually adapt existing work methods to circular practices. From this process, a hybrid circular business model is formed, namely a combination of old and new methods. These findings indicate that the transition to a circular bioeconomy in SMEs is adaptive and strongly influenced by local conditions. Therefore, a realistic approach is key to driving sustainable change. The results of this study also provide input for policymakers and business actors in designing strategies that are easier to implement.