Modern research focuses on natural, green, and sustainable materials that can be used to replace conventional materials. Because of their beneficial qualities, natural fibre composites are being thoroughly researched. This research focuses on the development of a flax fibre reinforced with phenol-formaldehyde resin hybridization with ramie fibre through a vacuum infusion process. Eight different sequences were fabricated using a core–sheath structure and were mechanically characterized as per ASTM standards. The fabrication technique influences the adhesion of the matrix with reinforcement. The results also reveal that composite having ramie as a sheath layer and flax as a core delivers good mechanical characteristics compared to vice versa. The laminate H exhibited highest mechanical properties among all the eight laminates produced for this study. It exhibited a tensile strength of 54 MPa, tensile modulus of 0.98 Gpa, elongation of 7.1%, flexural strength of 143 Mpa, and compressive strength of 63.65 Mpa. The stress strain curves revealed that all the laminates exhibited ductile behaviour before failing during the tensile test and flexural test, respectively. The stacking sequence of the laminate H influenced the mechanical properties exhibited by it and its counterparts. A morphological study was carried out to analyse the failure surfaces. Morphological analysis exhibited few defects in the laminate after the tests. The composites developed delivers better mechanical properties than commercial composites available on the market, which can be used in lightweight structural applications.

Composite materials are supposed to be used extensively as an alternate Al structure in aircraft, aerospace, and automobile applications. The main objective of this work is to carry out a finite element analysis (FEA) of Hemp Fiber Reinforced Cellulose Filled Epoxy Composites (HFRCFEC) was analyzed in the ANSYS multiphysics simulation software. In this analysis, the 3D models were designed using Creo, and it is incorporated in the Ansys for predicting the behavior of HFRCFEC and AA 6061. A plate is considered heterogeneous, and also effective moduli and strength properties differentiate the maximum stress and strain. It is found that HFRCFEC reinforced doors have withstood the maximum tensile strength of 53 MPa, the flexural strength of 153 GPa, the impact strength of 0.85 KJ/mm, and the compressive strength of 215 MPa, which were more superior when compared to conventional doors. The buckling load was carried out in Ansys to check the safe area and found that HFRCFEC has high buckling torque of 31153 (Nm) than the standard aluminum door buckling torque of 4403 (Nm). From the FE Simulation carried out in various conditions, it is found out that HFRCFEC composite exhibits superior properties to aluminum doors.

Plant-derived fibres, called lignocellulosic fibres, are a natural alternative to synthetic fibres in polymer composite reinforcement. Utilizing renewable resources, such as fibre-reinforced polymeric composites made from plant and animal sources, has become a crucial design requirement for developing and producing parts for all industrial goods. Natural-fibre-based composites are used for door panels, trays, glove boxes, etc. This study involves developing and thermal analysing a flax fibre reinforced with phenol–formaldehyde resin hybridization with ramie fibre by way of a vacuum infusion process. As per ASTM Standard, eight different sequences were fabricated and thermally characterized. In the present study, three stages of weight loss (%) are shown by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The sample loses less weight during the first stage, more during the second, and more during the third. The sample’s overall maximum temperature was recorded at 630 °C. It was discovered that sample D (80.1 °C) had the highest heat deflection temperature, and sample B had the lowest (86.0 °C). Sample C had a low thermal expansion coefficient, while sample G had a high thermal expansion coefficient. Sample E had the highest thermal conductivity, measured at 0.213 W/mK, whereas sample A had the lowest conductivity, at 0.182 W/mK. From the present study, it was found that sample H had better thermal characteristics. The result of the present investigation would generate thermal data regarding hybrid ramie and flax composites, which would be helpful for researchers and practitioners involved in the field of biocomposites.

Wind energy is used for eco -friendly electrical power generation with high moment forces through turbine rotation with the help of wind. Although it has good electrical power generation, the noise produced by a wind turbine impacts the environment by creating different sound pressure levels. In this paper, the design of Horizontal Axis wind turbine (HAWT) blades (NACA 63-215), which have a rotor diameter of 80 meters, will be done by using computer aided modelling & computer flow analysis Software, where the blades are designed using the theory of aerodynamics by taking appropriate twist angles and chord lengths. At the end of design, it is scaled to 1:200 ratio for 3D printing of blades and also finding and studying the sound power levels through sound level meter (SLM) which is electro acoustic integrated system (EAIS) which gives different frequencies based on sound pressure levels for the 3D printed Blade.

In general only 40% of power produced in the engine is converted into useful work other than that 30% of heat escape through exhaust and 30% of heat is which cannot be converted into useful work is removed as waste heat with the help of cooling system. To convert this waste heat into useful work the cylinder liners and piston head is coated with ceramic coating. This will lead to reduction in heat transfer through the engine, involving an increased efficiency. Higher gas temperature should reduce the concentration of incomplete combustion products at the expense of an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx). However a decrease in carbon monoxide (CO) unburned hydrocarbons (HC) is observed. Here we are going to analyze the uncoated cylinder with coated one using ANSYS and in experimental method using thermal image camera. The result depicted that the ceramic coated cylinder is more efficient than uncoated one.