Plastic pollution is one of the pressing issues in freshwater ecosystems that may further contribute to coastal pollution. The present study aimed to address the state of macroplastics pollution in the Surma River system, Bangladesh. Six sampling sites were allocated in the river starting from upstream to downstream, water parameters and fin fish assemblage were recorded, and plastic debris was collected from each site. Afterward, macroplastics were categorized and weighed to measure their abundance. Previous data on rainfall, water discharge, and depth were aggregated to study the trend of river depth changes. A survey was conducted to identify the possible sources of plastic pollution in the river and awareness of the pollution. The results showed that Kazir Bazar (Site 4) and Beter Bazar (Site 5), comparatively contained poor water quality, diverse macroplastics categories, and higher macroplastics abundance. The water pollution index (WPI) also ranked the above sites as extremely polluted. Similarly, biodiversity indices revealed lower diversity at Site 4 and Site 5. The river depth analysis revealed that there was no remarkable tendency to change the depth. To conclude, the Surma River system is being polluted due to inadvertent plastic dumping. Contemporary awareness is highly required, and proper policies should be implemented to minimize the detrimental effects of macroplastics.

The Blue Energy is the one of renewable energy. Indonesia as a maritime country has many potention to implement this Blue energy, but it still an advance technology to convert this energy into the electricity. The concept of OTEC with Land Based System is to boost the cost effectiveness of ocean technology. OTEC Land based system which is integrated with the cooling system, water desalination systems, aquaculture, and agriculture. Geographically Halmahera district is located in the Eastern Province of North Maluku. Halmahera is the one of remote island in Indonesia that still lack of electricity. By processing the Argo Float data in 2013-2015 using ODV (Ocean Data View) software, shows the difference of ocean temperature in Halmahera sea surface the range is 29°C. In depth of 1000 m, the sea temperature ranging from 2°C. The Electrical potential of OTEC a long 55 km Halmahera beach are around 93,1% as potential source of OTEC technology. The electricity OTEC prediction is 5,12 MW. Capacity factor of OTEC is 0.857, means that Halmahera have electrical potential for applying OTEC for each year is 35,88 GWh/year.

Pulau Baai is a beach which is located in Bengkulu, Indonesia. This location has swell waves which is beneficial for wave energy, because it directly faces the Indian Ocean. Floating Oscillating Water Column (OWC) is a prototype used to generate electricity from wave energy. The objective of this research is to identify how much electricity can be generated from floating OWC. This research used a quantitative method by processing wind data (speed and direction) from ogimet.com in 2000-2016. The wind speed rate for wave energy potential of this location is above 5.14 m/s. Wind data is converted to significant wave height and periods data by Sverdrup, Munk, and Bretschneider (SMB) method. Significant wave height rate of this location is 0.06 – 5.33 meters. Assuming that this power plant uses 3 chambers of floating OWC, the power output of OWC is 1.9 GW/year. Thus, suppose each residents' house uses 1300 watt, this power plant can be used for 1,461,538 residents per year.