Watersheds are defined as a set of lands where water drainage occurs through rivers and their tributaries. A large quantity of water resources exist in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, where rivers and their basins must meet environmental quality standards defined by the limits set out in national environmental council (CONAMA) legislation 357/05 for physicochemical and microbiological parameters, including parasites. Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to study the temporal and spatial variations in water quality of a segment of the Pindaré River. The data set included nine parameters for three sampling points over eleven months. Principal component analysis grouped the monitored sampling points into four clusters and identified electrical conductivity, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, salinity, and Escherichia coli as being associated with the dry season and nitrite, nitrate, and turbidity as being associated with the rainy season. Three principal components explained 83.80% of the data variance during the rainy and dry seasons. The evaluated correlations indicated that during the rainy season, nitrite (~0.18 mg L⁻¹) and turbidity (~46.00 NTU) levels were the highest, but pH was at its lowest (~6.61). During the dry season, TDS (~155.00 mg L⁻¹) and pH (~8.10) were highest, and E. coli bacteria was more abundant.

Objetivo: construir e validar checklist para organização de salas operatórias.Método: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido entre junho e dezembro de 2018, em um hospital privado no estado do Maranhão - Brasil. Composto pelas seguintes etapas: revisão da literatura para construção do checklist, elaboração do instrumento e validação do conteúdo. O conteúdo foi validado pela avaliação de 74 componentes da equipe cirúrgica. Utilizou-se teste de confiabilidade pelo coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach e grau de consistência interna ≥ 0,70.Resultados: elaborou-se um instrumento com três itens (funcionalidade dos equipamentos/acessórios fixos e móveis da sala operatória; cirurgia; anestesia) e 33 subitens. O alfa de Cronbach total foi de 0,956.Conclusão: o checklist apresenta alta confiabilidade, boa consistência interna e adequação à organização na montagem das salas operatórias. Contribui na gestão de incidentes, na assistência cirúrgica segura e em subsídios para novos estudos.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer a estrutura física, processo de esterilização e descarte de materiais em centros de embelezamento. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, do tipo survey, em 269 centros de embelezamento, sendo 257 salões de beleza e 12 estúdios de tatuagem e colocação de body piercing. Observaram-se a estrutura física, processo de esterilização e descarte de materiais utilizados por manicures/pedicures e tatuadores e piercers. Resultados: nota-se que 33,7% dos serviços possuíam pia próxima ao local dos atendimentos, evidenciou-se que 34,8% e 43,3% não dispunham de sabão líquido e álcool para higienização das mãos; 80% não possuíam um local dotado de pia para a limpeza de artigos; a autoclave foi o equipamento menos usado na esterilização dos instrumentos. 91,9% dos centros não realizavam a validação da esterilização pelo uso do indicador biológico. Observou-se a não utilização de invólucros ou caixas sinalizados com data de esterilização e prazo de validade em 86,3% dos serviços, e, em 56,7% destes, não existe descarte adequado dos materiais. Conclusão: percebe-se que há necessidade de intervenção quanto ao espaço físico, com área dotada de pia para ações diversificadas, ao processamento de esterilização e descarte dos materiais. Descritores: Centros de Embelezamento e Estética; Contenção de Riscos Biológicos; Prevenção de Doenças; Precauções Universais; Enfermagem; Educação em Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to know the physical structure, process of sterilization and disposal of materials in beautification centers. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, survey-type study in 269 beautification centers, 257 beauty salons and 12 tattoo studios and body piercing. The physical structure, process of sterilization and disposal of materials used by manicures / pedicures and tattoo artists and piercers were observed. Results: it was observed that 33.7% of the services had a sink close to the place of care, it was evidenced that 34.8% and 43.3% did not have liquid soap and alcohol for hand hygiene; 80% did not have a sink location for cleaning articles; the autoclave was the least used equipment for instrument sterilization. 91.9% of the centers did not validate sterilization by using the biological indicator. It was observed that 86.3% of the services were not used, with 56.7% of them not being properly disposed of. Conclusion: it is noticed that there is a need for intervention regarding the physical space, with a sink area for diversified actions, sterilization processing and disposal of materials. Descriptors: Beauty and Aesthetics Centers; Containment of Biohazards; Disease Prevention; Universal Precaution; Nursing; Health Education.RESUMENObjetivo: conocer la estructura física, el proceso de esterilización y descarte de materiales en centros de embellecimiento. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, del tipo survey, en 269 centros de embellecimiento, siendo 257 salones de belleza y 12 estudios de tatuaje y colocación de body piercing. Se observaron la estructura física, proceso de esterilización y descarte de materiales utilizados por manicuras/pedicuras y por los artistas de tatuajes y piercers. Resultados: se observa que el 33,7% de los servicios poseía fregadero cerca del local de las atenciones, se evidenció que el 34,8% y el 43,3% no disponían de jabón líquido y alcohol para higienización de las manos; el 80% no poseía un local dotado de fregadero para la limpieza de artículos; el autoclave fue el equipo menos utilizado en la esterilización de los instrumentos. El 91,9% de los centros no realizaban la validación de la esterilización por el uso del indicador biológico. Se observó la no utilización de envoltorios o cajas señalizadas con fecha de esterilización y plazo de validez en el 86,3% de los servicios, y en el 56,7% de éstos, no existe descarte adecuado de los materiales. Conclusión: se percibe que hay necesidad de intervención en cuanto al espacio físico, con área dotada de fregadero para acciones diversificadas, al procesamiento de esterilización y descarte de los materiales. Descriptores: Centros de Belleza y Estética; Contención de Riesgos Biológicos; Prevención de Enfermedades; Precauciones Universales; Enfermería; Educación en Salud.

Research in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) investigated the efficiency of receptive and expressive language interventions in learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Listener responding by function, feature and class (LRFFC) and intraverbal (FFC) are some types of receptive and expressive language, respectively, which were targets in investigations. The previous literature demonstrated experimentally that teaching intraverbal first is more efficient, in the sense that it produced a better emergence effect of related untaught LRFFC in children with ASD, contrary to the recommendation by a traditional literature, which suggests that receptive skills, such as the LRFFC, should be taught first. The current research had the goal to compare the efficiency of intraverbal and LRFFC training as well, considering the effects on the possible emergence of related untaught repertoire in two children with ASD. The difference from the previous literature was that, during the teaching of LRFFC responses, the tact (labeling) of pictures involved was also taught, considering that this was a recommendation of previous research. The purpose was to assess if tact training would increase the efficiency of LRFFC training. The results showed that both instructional sequences (training LRFFC - probing intraverbal; training intraverbal - probing LRFFC) successfully established emergent responding, regarding the untaught related repertoire for both participants. However, intraverbal training produced emergence of LRFFC to a lesser extent for both. Data were discussed in the sense that tact training during LRFFC training probably increased its efficiency and that preexisting skills, regarding each participant, also influenced the efficiency of teaching.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted with pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at basic health units in São Luís City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The authors used a semistructured questionnaire to assess the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics of pregnant women as well as the Edinburgh Scale to investigate depressive symptoms. In order to assess the association between the explanatory variable and the outcome variable, Poisson logistic regression was performed with statistical significance at p < 0.05. A total of 205 women were interviewed, most aged between 18 and 29 years (66.83%). Of this total, 74.63% had not planned their pregnancy and 26.67% had depressive symptoms. The variables unplanned pregnancy (PR = 1.41; CI = 0.99–2.00; p = 0.05) and not undergoing psychological counseling (PR = 1.42; CI = 0.51–0.83; p ≤ 0.01) correlated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy. It is thus possible to link the variables unplanned pregnancy (p > 0.05) and not undergoing psychological counseling (p = 0.001) to depression. Therefore, it is important to monitor the mental health of pregnant women, especially in situations of vulnerability.