In this study, an in-depth analysis of the application of modern technologies in agriculture in three Balkan countries - Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro were conducted and its potential impact on the biodiversity of these regions is examined. Agriculture, as a main activity in these countries, brings challenges and opportunities due to the need to increase food production while preserving natural ecosystems.The first part of the study analyzes available data on the use of modern technologies in agriculture. Special attention is given to technologies such as precision agriculture, the use of drones, sensors and software solutions to control the crop production process.The second part of the research is devoted to the analysis of the impact of these technologies on biodiversity. Changes in land use, pesticide application, and water resource management are used to examine how digital transformation affects local ecosystems and biodiversity. Possible positive and negative impacts will be compared, taking into account the protection of wildlife, insects and plants. Based on the analysis, possible strategies for the sustainable use of technologies in agriculture will be explored to minimize negative impacts on biodiversity.

Cooperatives as a form of economic activity have become increasingly important in our country in recent years, largely influenced by government incentives in the form of financial aid for the purchase of equipment and machinery and subsidies for the purchase of livestock. In this study, using data on the activity of the agricultural cooperative „Agroprom“ from Stara Pazova, the prospects and significance of joining this form of enterprise and functioning according to cooperative principles were analyzed, focusing on the equipment with tractors and their use in primary agricultural production.

Development of precision agriculture, particularly through the use of sensory technologies, has had a significant impact on livestock farming worldwide. This study examines the use of sensory technologies in Serbian livestock farms in comparison to the EU and other developed European countries. Primary research question is how the use of sensory technologies in the Serbian livestock production compares to the EU and what factors influence these differences. To answer this question, a comparative analysis was conducted based on secondary data from academic publications, reports and documents of relevant organizations. Research methodology includes a systematic literature review, collection of data on technology adoption rates and a comparative analysis to identify key trends, challenges and opportunities. Results show that sensory systems such as temperature and humidity sensors and animal health monitoring sensors are widely used in the EU (e.g. over 60% in the Netherlands), but are only used to a limited extent in Serbia (in 2023, only 15% of farms used basic sensors to control environmental parameters and 5% used health monitoring systems). Factors contributing to this discrepancy include financial constraints, limited technological infrastructure and insufficient farmer education. Serbian livestock farming can be significantly improved through the increased use of sensor technologies. These technologies can increase productivity, reduce disease outbreaks and improve animal welfare. Policy recommendations include increased government support, financial incentives and training programs for farmers to close the technology gap.

The increasing reliance on pesticides in modern agriculture has contributed significantly to food security and yield optimization. However, the excessive and improper use of plant protection products (PPPs) poses serious environmental and health risks, leading to concerns on food safety, biodiversity loss, and pesticide resistance. This study explores the implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in Serbia, focusing on sustainable plant protection strategies, balancing productivity with ecological responsibility. A mixed-method approach was applied, combining qualitative analysis of regulatory frameworks and quantitative data from case studies on apple, potato, and cabbage production. Field research involved surveying Serbian farmers regarding pesticide use, adoption of GAP principles, and challenges in transitioning to integrated pest management (IPM). The study also examined compliance with European Union (EU) pesticide regulations and their implications for Serbian agriculture. The results highlight the necessity of reducing pesticide residues in food while maintaining high agricultural productivity. Case studies demonstrate how sustainable pest management strategies improve crop quality, minimize chemical dependence, and enhance economic viability for farmers. The study identifies key barriers to GAP adoption, including a lack of awareness, insufficient financial incentives, and limited regulatory enforcement. It also reveals the need for enhanced farmer training and investment in precision agriculture. This research concludes that integrating GAP principles with enhanced regulatory measures, education and financial support can drive the transition towards sustainable agriculture in Serbia. Collaboration between policymakers, researchers, and advisory services is essential to promote alternative pest control methods and create market incentives for residue-free production. These findings contribute to global efforts to reduce PPPs use in agriculture, while ensuring food security and environmental sustainability.

The agricultural cooperative "Agroprom" in Stara Pazova was audited to assess their agricultural machinery equipment. The article presents the results of the audit of agricultural machinery equipment of the agricultural cooperative "Agroprom" from Stara Pazova. The cooperative cultivates 2,592 ha with 35 two-axle tractors and 79 implements. In terms of the number of tractors, John Deere is the most represented with 15 units or 42.86%, while Landini Ghibli and IMT-542 are the least represented with 1 unit each or 2.86% of the total number of tractors. The total available engine power of all tractors is 3,655.0 kW, of which John Deere tractors account for more than half, 51.78% or 1,877.78 kW. The specific load of tractors on the cultivated area is 0.71 ha/kW. There are 1.31 tractors per 100 ha of cultivated area. The energy equipment of the cooperative is expressed on average by the nominal engine power of the two-axle tractors per unit area of 1.41 kW/ha. A tractor with an average engine power of 104.43 kW works 76.23 ha with 2.32 implements. The average age of tractors is less than 10 years. Most tractors are between 11 and 12 years old, 62.86%, and 5.71% of the total number of tractors are less than 5 years old. From the above data it can be concluded that the equipment of the agricultural cooperative "Agroprom" from Stara Pazova with modern agricultural machinery is at a satisfactory level.