Image processing systems are currently used to solve many applied problems. The article is devoted to the identification of negative factors affecting the growth of grain in different periods of harvesting, using a program implemented in the MATLAB software environment, based on aerial photographs. The program is based on the Law’s textural mask method and successive clustering. This paper presents the algorithm of the program and shows the results of image processing by highlighting the uniformity of the image. To solve the problem, the spectral luminance coefficient (SBC), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Law’s textural mask method, and clustering are used. This approach is general and has great potential for identifying objects and territories with different boundary properties on controlled aerial photographs using groups of images of the same surface taken at different vegetation periods. That is, the applicability of sets of Laws texture masks with original image enhancement for the analysis of experimental data on the identification of pest outbreaks is being investigated.

In the directions of modern medicine, a new area of processing and analysis of visual data is actively developing - a radio municipality - a computer technology that allows you to deeply analyze medical images, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), chest radiography (CXR), electrocardiography and electrocardiography. This approach allows us to extract quantitative texture signs from signals and distinguish informative features to describe the heart's pathology, providing a personified approach to diagnosis and treatment. Cardiovascular diseases (SVD) are one of the main causes of death in the world, and early detection is crucial for timely intervention and improvement of results. This experiment aims to increase the accuracy of deep learning algorithms to determine cardiovascular diseases. To achieve the goal, the methods of deep learning were considered used to analyze cardiograms. To solve the tasks set in the work, 50 patients were used who are classified by three indicators, 13 anomalous, 24 nonbeat, and 1 healthy parameter, which is taken from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database.

The paper is devoted to machine learning methods that focus on texture-type image enhancements, namely the improvement of objects in images. The aim of the study is to develop algorithms for improving images and to determine the accuracy of the considered models for improving a given type of images. Although currently used digital imaging systems usually provide high-quality images, external factors or even system limitations can cause images in many areas of science to be of low quality and resolution. Therefore, threshold values for image processing in a certain field of science are considered. The first step in image processing is image enhancement. The issues of signal image processing remain in the focus of attention of various specialists. Currently, along with the development of information technology, the automatic improvement of images used in any field of science is one of the urgent problems. Images were analyzed as objects: state license plates of cars, faces, sections of the field on satellite images. In this work, we propose to use the models of Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (SRGAN), Extended Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks (ERSGAN). For this, an experiment was conducted, the purpose of which was to retrain the trained ESRGAN model with three different architectures of the convolutional neural network, i.e. VGG19, MobileNet2V, ResNet152V2 to add perceptual loss (by pixels), also add more sharpness to the prediction of the test image, and compare the performance of each retrained model. As a result of the study, the use of convolutional neural networks to improve the image showed high accuracy, that is, on average ESRGAN+MobileNETV2 – 91 %, ESRGAN+VGG19 – 86 %, ESRGAN+ResNet152V2 – 96 %. Робота присвячена методам машинного навчання, орієнтованим на покращення зображень текстурного типу, а саме на поліпшення об'єктів на зображеннях. Метою дослідження є розробка алгоритмів покращення зображень та визначення точності розглянутих моделей для покращення даного типу зображень. Незважаючи на те, що використовувані в даний час системи цифрової обробки зображень зазвичай забезпечують високу якість зображень, зовнішні фактори або навіть системні обмеження можуть привести до того, що зображення в багатьох областях науки матимуть низьку якість та роздільну здатність. Тому розглядаються порогові значення для обробки зображень у певній галузі науки. Першим етапом обробки зображень є покращення зображення. Питання обробки зображень сигналів залишаються у центрі уваги різних фахівців. В даний час, поряд з розвитком інформаційних технологій, одним із актуальних завдань є автоматичне покращення зображень, що використовуються в будь-якій галузі науки. Зображення аналізувалися як об'єкти: державні номерні знаки автомобілів, особи, ділянки поля на супутникових знімках. У даній роботі ми пропонуємо використовувати моделі генеративно-змагальної мережі надроздільної здатності (SRGAN), розширених генеративно-змагальних мереж надроздільної здатності (ERSGAN). Для цього був проведений експеримент, метою якого було перенавчання навченої моделі ESRGAN з трьома різними архітектурами згорткової нейронної мережі, тобто VGG19, MobileNet2V, ResNet152V2 для додавання втрат сприйняття (за пікселями), а також додавання різкості до прогнозування тестового зображення та порівняння продуктивності кожної перенавченої моделі. В результаті дослідження використання згорткових нейронних мереж для покращення зображення показало високу точність, тобто в середньому ESRGAN+MobileNetV2 – 91 %, ESRGAN+VGG19 – 86 %, ESRGAN+ResNet152V2 – 96 %

This article is about methods of analyzing aerial images. Images from Planet.com for crops in North Kazakhstan owned by the Center for Cereal Production and Research. A.I. Barayev. The main goal of the research work is to develop and implement algorithms that allow identifying and distinguishing factors in aerial photographs that adversely affect the growth of plants during the growing season. Spectral brightness coefficient (SBC), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), textural features, clustering, and integral transformations are used to solve the problem. Particular attention has been paid to the development of software tools for selecting features that describe textural differences to divide texture regions into subregions. That is weeds, and pests in aerial images. The application of a set of textural features and orthogonal transformations to the analysis of experimental data is explored to identify regions of potentially correlated features in the future. The analysis of the received data made it possible to determine the characteristics of changes in the reflective capacity of agricultural plants and weeds in certain stages of the growing season. The obtained information is of great importance for confirming the observations from space remote from the aerial images.

The use of deep learning algorithms for the classification of crop diseases is one of the promising areas in agricultural technology. This is due to the need for rapid and accurate detection of plant diseases, which allows timely measures to be taken to treat them and prevent their spread. One of them is to increase productivity and maintain land quality through the timely detection of diseases and pests in agriculture and their elimination. Traditional classification methods in machine learning and algorithms in deep learning were compared to note the high accuracy in detecting pests and crop diseases. The advantages and disadvantages of each model considered during training were taken into account, and the Inception V3 algorithm was incorporated into the application. They can monitor the condition of crops on a daily basis with the help of new technology-applications on gadgets. Aerial photographs used by research institutes and agricultural grain centers do not show the changes that occur in agricultural grains, that is, diseases and pests. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper determines the types of diseases and pests of cereals through a mobile application and suggests ways to deal with them.

This paper considers the problem of identifying unknown parameters for a mathematical model of an ion-exchange filter via measurement at the outlet of the filter. The proposed mathematical model consists of a material balance equation, an equation describing the kinetics of ion-exchange for the nonequilibrium case, and an equation for the ion-exchange isotherm. The material balance equation includes a nonlinear term that depends on the kinetics of ion-exchange and several parameters. First, a numerical solution of the direct problem, the calculation of the impurities concentration at the outlet of the filter, is provided. Then, the inverse problem, finding the parameters of the ion-exchange process in nonequilibrium conditions, is formulated. A method for determining the approximate values of these parameters from the impurities concentration measured at the outlet of the filter is proposed.