The PhageDx™ E. coli O157: H7 Assay originally required a 5 h enrichment period and a 10 mL test sample for 25 g ground beef. The proposed method modifications seek to include, beef trim (375 g) matrix and a new method procedure for 25 g ground beef comprised of 6–7 h enrichment and 1 mL test sample. To validate the method modifications for PhageDx™ E. coli O157: H7 Assay to include beef trim (375 g) matrix and modify enrichment time and test sample size for 25 g ground beef. For both matrixes, pre-warmed TSB (42 ± 1 °C) was added in a 3:1 (media: sample size) ratio, blended, and enriched for 9–10 h (beef trim, 375 g) or 6 h (ground beef, 25 g) at 42 ± 1 °C. One milliliter samples were transferred to a microfuge tube, centrifuged, and the supernatant removed. The pellet was resuspended in 0.2 mL of TSB and phage reagent added. Samples were incubated for 2 h at 37 ± 1 °C. After infection, the sample was centrifuged, and 150 µl of the supernatant was transferred to a 96- well plate. Then, lysis buffer and luciferase substrate were added and the sample read on a luminometer to determine the presence or absence of E. coli O157: H7. No significant differences were found between the PhageDx™ E. coli O157: H7 Assay method modifications and the USDA-FSIS MLG reference method. The independent study demonstrated that the PhageDx™ E. coli O157: H7 Assay method modifications meet the qualifications for PTM status.

El territorio comprendido entre las comarcas de La Janda y Estrecho de Gibraltar en la provincia de Cádiz ha sido históricamente un lugar de frontera y paso, ocupado por el Parque Natural de los Alcornocales y las cadenas montañosas de la sierra de Cádiz, importantes lugares defensivos: sitios prerromanos, reconvertidos en ciudades romanas, también de época musulmana y cristiana cuando se convertirá en la frontera suroeste con el Reino de Granada, zona de paso terrestre entre los importantes puertos de Cádiz y Gibraltar, y nuevamente será frontera en la Guerra Civil española. En este artículo se presenta una recopilación y estudio de los lugares de control territorial, así como un análisis sobre la movilidad y visibilidad para el que se han empleado Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). El objeto es entender la relación existente entre estos espacios defensivos, su plausible perduración en el tiempo y la posibilidad de otros lugares de control no identificados o desaparecidos.

This paper presents a proposal for the use of digital resources to improve the university curriculum for historians in particular and heritage managers in general. It is possible to develop the sector, providing more employment and promoting theoretical and methodological changes conducive to mutual progress. To achieve this, the proposal takes into account the recent legal reforms in education and within the European Digital Single Market. However, although such changes are possible given that there is already extensive experience in heritage digitisation, they are hindered by the current curricula content and slow implementation of competency-based education. The desk research reported here focused on a Spanish context that could benefit from curriculum development implemented elsewhere, and the resulting proposal for positive action was explored in the context of history and heritage education at the University of Cadiz.

The necropolis of El Toro is characterised as a space of prolonged use in northern Oretania. Several important archaeological finds were made in 1975 and 2012, leading to the excavation of six test pits in 2017. Based on the existing legacy data, an extension of the state of knowledge was carried out by combining several geophysical tools. The geophysical tools chosen for this sample consist of a combination of data from two different georadar systems, to which data from a magnetometer survey is added. A series of post-processes are applied to the preliminary results to improve the visualisation and interpretation of the data. The combination of these techniques used at the site is an improvement that helps us to understand these spaces and their interaction with the historical landscape of La Mancha.