LiQD Cornea is a liquid in situ gelling, pro-regeneration hydrogel for treating corneal blindness and repairing perforations.

Purpose.: We assessed the impact of visual impairment on the incidence of falls and fractures in older persons. Methods.: Of 3654 baseline participants, 2334, 1952, and 1149 were re-examined after 5, 10, and 15 years. Presenting visual acuity (VA) was measured at each examination. Bilateral and unilateral visual impairment was defined as VA worse than 20/40 in the better and worse eye, respectively. Incident visual impairment was defined in eyes with VA 20/40 or better at baseline, which subsequently developed visual impairment. Incidence of falls was assessed over the 12 months before each visit, whereas incidence of fractures was assessed over the 5 years between two visits. Discrete logistic-regression models with time-dependent variables were used to assess associations between visual impairment and subsequent falls and fractures after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results.: The proportions of participants reporting ≥2 falls ranged between 10% and 14%, and proportions reporting fractures ranged between 12% and 21%, across the three follow-up visits. Participants with incident visual impairment were more likely to report ≥2 falls in 5 years, OR (odds ratio) 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 2.04 (bilateral), and OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.51 (unilateral). Compared to participants with normal vision, those with incident unilateral visual impairment had a higher incidence of fractures over 5 years (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.98–1.51). No increased incidence of falls or fractures was evident after 5+ years among participants with visual impairment. Conclusions.: In this older cohort, recent development of visual impairment was associated with increased likelihood of subsequent falls and fractures in the next 5 years, independent of other confounding variables.

Locally administered steroids have a long history in ophthalmology for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Anterior segment conditions tend to be treated with topical steroids whilst posterior segment conditions generally require periocular, intravitreal or systemic administration for penetration. Over recent decades, the clinical applications of periocular steroid delivery have expanded to a wide range of conditions including macular oedema from retino‐vascular conditions. Formulations have been developed with the aim to provide practical, targeted, longer‐term and more efficacious therapy whilst minimizing side effects. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the types of periocular steroid delivery, their clinical applications in ophthalmology and their side effects.

Optic nerve sheath meningiomas are rare benign neoplasms of the meninges surrounding the optic nerve. They are a significant cause of morbidity. While the mortality rate is practically zero, these tumors can blind or disfigure patients. Given that the clinical course can be variable, and treatment has the capacity to cause morbidity itself, the management of these patients can be difficult. We review the literature to discuss the prevalence of optic nerve sheath meningiomas, the association with neurofibromatosis type 2, natural history, and management options and strategies.