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Cu- and Sm-doped ZnO nanorod arrays were grown with 1 wt% of Sm and different weight percents (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%) of Cu by two-step hydrothermal method. The influence of Cu concentration and precursor of Sm on the structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of ZnO nanorod arrays was investigated. An X-ray diffraction study showed that the nanorod arrays grown along the (002) plane, i.e., c-axis, had hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The lattice strain is present in all samples and shows an increasing trend with Cu/Sm concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphology and the nanorod arrays grown vertically on the FTO substrates. The diameter of nanorod arrays ranged from 68 nm to 137 nm and was found highly dependent on Cu concentration and Sm precursor while the density of nanorod arrays almost remains the same. The grown nanorod arrays served as photoelectrodes for fabricating dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The overall light to electricity conversion efficiency ranged from 1.74% (sample S1, doped with 1 wt% of Sm and 0.0 wt% of Cu) to more than 4.14% (sample S4, doped with 1 wt% of Sm and 1.5 wt% of Cu), which is 60% higher than former sample S1. The increment in DSSCs efficiency is attributed either because of the doping of Sm3+ ions which increase the absorption region of light spectrum by up/down conversion or the doping of Cu ions which decrease the recombination and backward transfer of photo-generated electrons and increase the electron transport mobility. This work indicates that the coupled use of Cu and Sm in ZnO nanorod array films have the potential to enhance the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells.
Muhammad Saleem; Ali Algahtani; Saif Rehman; Muhammad Javed; Kashif Irshad; Hafiz Ali; Muhammad Malik; Amjad Ali; Vineet Tirth; Saiful Islam. Solution Processed Zn1−x−ySmxCuyO Nanorod Arrays for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1710 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Saleem, Ali Algahtani, Saif Rehman, Muhammad Javed, Kashif Irshad, Hafiz Ali, Muhammad Malik, Amjad Ali, Vineet Tirth, Saiful Islam. Solution Processed Zn1−x−ySmxCuyO Nanorod Arrays for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (7):1710.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Saleem; Ali Algahtani; Saif Rehman; Muhammad Javed; Kashif Irshad; Hafiz Ali; Muhammad Malik; Amjad Ali; Vineet Tirth; Saiful Islam. 2021. "Solution Processed Zn1−x−ySmxCuyO Nanorod Arrays for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7: 1710.
Electricity generation from renewable energy (RE) sources has not been well utilized in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). KSA has publicized its Vision 2030 renewable energy target to deploy 58.7 gigawatts of RE, paving the way for a low-carbon economy in the country. Renewable portfolio standard (RPS) may play an influential role as a policy instrument to stimulate the RE development and consumption on a large scale and pursue the Vision 2030 objectives. In this study, the renewable portfolio standards policy assessment was carried out to investigate the issues impelling the employment of or plan to adopt RPS. To elucidate the collaborating interaction amongst the multiple stakeholders at different levels in the formulation of renewable portfolio standard, in this assessment study, we used a multi-theoretical approach for examining the policy networks theory (PNT) to inspect the communication links and strategies of different actors who are responsible and involved in KSA policy formulation and enactment. It will help overcome the interaction limitations amongst the actors, contribute to understanding various actors’ behaviors and facilitate RPS development and implementation. In this paper, PNT’s four strategy phases (interaction, agenda-setting, action plan and legislative) are used for RPS development assessment. In this paper, we presented KSA’s overall systematic picture for RPS formulation to adopt and implement it practically for a collaborative relationship between five actors—policy and regulatory bodies, professional bodies, inter-governmental bodies, power producers and social networks—at different levels by using PNT to analyze the interactive relationship amongst actors. This detailed analysis will help KSA overcome the institutional relationship and interaction limitations of the actors in RPS formulation and thereby offer significant success for RE deployment in KSA, while providing viable ideas, procedures and bases for government departments to formulate applicable policies for the renewable energy system efficiently. The evaluation of the communications among major partakers in the policy network field helps to efficiently explicate the hindrances in policy formulation and enactment to make the RPS more effective.
Amjad Ali; Fahad Al-Sulaiman; Ibrahim Al-Duais; Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Malik; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Hafiz Ali; Sheraz Malik. Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory. Processes 2021, 9, 1123 .
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, Fahad Al-Sulaiman, Ibrahim Al-Duais, Kashif Irshad, Muhammad Malik, Shafiullah, Hasan Zahir, Hafiz Ali, Sheraz Malik. Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory. Processes. 2021; 9 (7):1123.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; Fahad Al-Sulaiman; Ibrahim Al-Duais; Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Malik; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Hafiz Ali; Sheraz Malik. 2021. "Renewable Portfolio Standard Development Assessment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the Perspective of Policy Networks Theory." Processes 9, no. 7: 1123.
The properties of polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG)/MgCaCO3, a low-cost shape-selective phase change material (ss-PCM), make it highly suitable for solar thermal applications. Nanosized porous MgO-doped CaCO3 with Mg molar concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The prepared MgO-CaCO3 matrices were then impregnated with PEG to obtain PEG/MgCaCO3 as an ss-PCM. Samples identified as PEG-5MgCaCO3 (P-5-MCC), PEG-10MgCaCO3 (P-10-MCC), and PEG-15MgCaCO3 (P-15-MCC) were prepared and studied. Interestingly, P-10-MCC has the smallest particle size together with a good porous structure compared to the other two materials. The results of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry indicate that the small particle size and porous structure facilitate the impregnation of approximately 69% of the PEG into the 10-MCC matrix. The latent heat and energy storage efficiency of PEG in the P-10-MCC sample are 152.5 J/g and 96.48%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of comparable materials. Furthermore, in addition to the improvement of the thermal conductivity of the P-10-MCC, its supercooling is also reduced to some extent. The combined mesoporous and macro-porous structure of P-10-MCC is critical to retaining a large amount of PEG within the matrix, resulting in a high latent heat in the operating temperature range of 35–57 °C. The P-10MCC sample also demonstrates a high energy storage capacity (98.59%), high thermal energy storage/release rates, and exceptional shape-stabilized PCM properties.
Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Rahman; Salem Basamad; Khaled Mohaisen; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Rahman; Abdul Aziz; Amjad Ali; Mohammad Hossain. Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 1639 .
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Mohammad Rahman, Salem Basamad, Khaled Mohaisen, Kashif Irshad, Mohammad Rahman, Abdul Aziz, Amjad Ali, Mohammad Hossain. Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (7):1639.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Mohammad Rahman; Salem Basamad; Khaled Mohaisen; Kashif Irshad; Mohammad Rahman; Abdul Aziz; Amjad Ali; Mohammad Hossain. 2021. "Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7: 1639.
Au-doped ZnO–samarium nitrate (Sm) nanoparticles with fixed concentrations of Sm (1 wt %) and various concentrations of Au (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt %) were prepared and used as photoelectrodes to enhance the photovoltaic efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The cell fabricated with 1.5 wt % of Au-doped ZnO–Sm nanoparticles film achieved an optimal efficiency of 4.35%, which is about 76% higher than that of 0.0 wt % of Au-doped ZnO–Sm-based cell (2.47%). This increase might be due to the formation of a blocking layer at the ZnO–Sm/Au interface, which inhibits the recombination of electrons. This increase may also be attributed to the addition of rare-earth ions in ZnO to enhance the non-absorbable wavelength region of light via up/down-conversion of near-infrared and ultraviolet radiations to visible emission and reduce the recombination loss of electron in the cell. The efficiency of cells may be increased by the blocking layer and up/down-conversion process and thus promote the overall performance of the cells. This work indicates that Au-doped ZnO–Sm nanoparticle films have the potential to increase the performance of DSSCs.
Muhammad Saleem; Kashif Irshad; Saif Ur Rehman; M. Javed; Mohd Hasan; Hafiz Ali; Amjad Ali; Muhammad Malik; Saiful Islam. Characteristics and Photovoltaic Applications of Au-Doped ZnO–Sm Nanoparticle Films. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 702 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Saleem, Kashif Irshad, Saif Ur Rehman, M. Javed, Mohd Hasan, Hafiz Ali, Amjad Ali, Muhammad Malik, Saiful Islam. Characteristics and Photovoltaic Applications of Au-Doped ZnO–Sm Nanoparticle Films. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (3):702.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Saleem; Kashif Irshad; Saif Ur Rehman; M. Javed; Mohd Hasan; Hafiz Ali; Amjad Ali; Muhammad Malik; Saiful Islam. 2021. "Characteristics and Photovoltaic Applications of Au-Doped ZnO–Sm Nanoparticle Films." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3: 702.
In an attempt to meet the global demand, renewable energy systems (RES) have gained an interest in it due to the availability of the resources, especially solar photovoltaic system that has been an importance since many years because of per watt cost reduction, improvement in efficiency, and abundant availability. Photovoltaic system in remote and rural areas is very useful where a grid supply is unavailable. In this scenario, power electronic converters are an integral part of the renewable energy systems particularly for electronic devices which are operated from renewable energy sources and energy storage system (fuel cell and batteries). In this article, a new topology of charge pump capacitor (CPC) which is based on high voltage gain technique DC-DC boost converter (DCBC) with dynamic modeling is proposed. To testify the efficacy of the introduced topology, a prototype has been developed in a laboratory, where input was given 10VDC and 80VDC output voltage achieved at the load side. Furthermore, the experimental result shows that the voltage stress of MOSFET switches is very less in comparison with the conventional boost converter with the same parameters as the proposed converter.
Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Vineet Tirth; Amjad Ali; Ajmal Farooq; Ali Algahtani; Rajesh Verma; Saiful Islam; Kashif Irshad; Ahmed N. Abdalla. Efficient Topology for DC-DC Boost Converter Based on Charge Pump Capacitor for Renewable Energy System. International Journal of Photoenergy 2021, 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleMuhammad Zeeshan Malik, Vineet Tirth, Amjad Ali, Ajmal Farooq, Ali Algahtani, Rajesh Verma, Saiful Islam, Kashif Irshad, Ahmed N. Abdalla. Efficient Topology for DC-DC Boost Converter Based on Charge Pump Capacitor for Renewable Energy System. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2021; 2021 ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zeeshan Malik; Vineet Tirth; Amjad Ali; Ajmal Farooq; Ali Algahtani; Rajesh Verma; Saiful Islam; Kashif Irshad; Ahmed N. Abdalla. 2021. "Efficient Topology for DC-DC Boost Converter Based on Charge Pump Capacitor for Renewable Energy System." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021, no. : 1-13.
In recent years, machine learning (ML) tools have gained tremendous momentum and received wide-spread attention in different segments of modern-day life. As part of digital transformation, the power system industry is one of the pioneers in adopting such attractive and efficient tools for various applications. Apparently, a nonthreatening, but slow-burning issue of the electric power systems is the low-frequency oscillations (LFO), which, if not dealt with appropriately and on time, could result in complete network failure. This paper addresses the role of a prominent ML family member, particle swarm optimization (PSO) tuned adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for real-time enhancement of LFO damping in electric power system networks. It adopts and models two power system networks where in the first network, the synchronous machine is equipped with only a power system stabilizer (PSS), and in the other, the PSS of the synchronous machine is coordinated with the unified power flow controller (UPFC), a second-generation flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) device. Then, it develops the proposed ML approach to enhance LFO damping for both adopted networks based on the customary practices of statistical judgment. The performance measuring metrics of power system stability, including the minimum damping ratio (MDR), eigenvalue, and time-domain simulation, were used to analyze the developed approach. Moreover, the paper presents a comparative analysis and discussion with the referenced works’ achieved results to conclude the proposed PSO-ANFIS technique’s ability to enhance power system stability in real-time by damping out the unwanted LFO.
Ilius Hasan Pathan; Juel Rana; Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS. Inventions 2020, 5, 61 .
AMA StyleIlius Hasan Pathan, Juel Rana, Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar, Shafiullah, Hasan Zahir, Amjad Ali. Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS. Inventions. 2020; 5 (4):61.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlius Hasan Pathan; Juel Rana; Mohammad Shoaib Shahriar; Shafiullah; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. 2020. "Real-Time LFO Damping Enhancement in Electric Networks Employing PSO Optimized ANFIS." Inventions 5, no. 4: 61.
A significant growth in solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has observed during the last decade in standalone and grid-connected power generation systems. The solar PV system has a non-linear output characteristic because of weather intermittency, which tends to have a substantial effect on overall PV system output. Hence, to optimize the output of a PV system, different maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have been used. But, the confusion lies while selecting an appropriate MPPT, as every method has its own merits and demerits. Therefore, a proper review of these techniques is essential. A “ Google Scholar ” survey of the last five years (2015-2020) was conducted. It has found that overall seventy-one review articles are published on different MPPT techniques; out of those seventy-one, only four are on uniform solar irradiance, seven on non-uniform and none on hybrid optimization MPPT techniques. Most of them have discussed the limited number of MPPT techniques, and none of them has discussed the online and offline under uniform and hybrid MPPT techniques under non-uniform solar irradiance conditions all together in one. Unfortunately, very few attempts have made in this regard. Therefore, a comprehensive review paper on this topic is need of time, in which almost all the well-known MPPT techniques should be encapsulated in one paper. This article focuses on classifications of online, offline, and hybrid optimization MPPT algorithms, under the uniform and non-uniform irradiance conditions. It summarizes various MPPT methods along with their mathematical expression, operating principle, and block diagram/flow charts. This research will provide a valuable pathway to researchers, energy engineers, and strategists for future research and implementation in the field of maximum power point tracking optimization.
Amjad Ali; Khalid Almutairi; Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Kashif Irshad; Saiful Islam; Hasan Zahir; Shafiullah; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 127368 -127392.
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, Khalid Almutairi, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Vineet Tirth, Salem Algarni, Kashif Irshad, Saiful Islam, Hasan Zahir, Shafiullah, Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 ():127368-127392.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; Khalid Almutairi; Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Kashif Irshad; Saiful Islam; Hasan Zahir; Shafiullah; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik. 2020. "Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection." IEEE Access 8, no. : 127368-127392.
Significant growth in solar photovoltaic (PV) installation has been observed during the last decade in standalone and grid-connected power generation systems. However, the PV system has a non-linear output characteristic because of weather intermittency, which tends to a substantial loss in overall system output. Thus, to optimize the output of the PV system, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to track the global maximum power point (GMPP) and extract the maximum power from the PV system under different weather conditions with better precision. Since MPPT is an essential part of the PV system, to date, many MPPT methods have been developed by various researchers, each with unique features. A Google Scholar survey of the last five years (2015–2020) was performed to investigate the number of review articles published. It was found that overall, seventy-one review articles were published on different MPPT techniques; out of those, only four were on non-uniform solar irradiance, and seven review articles included shading conditions. Unfortunately, very few attempts were made in this regard. Therefore, a comprehensive review paper on this topic is needed, in which almost all the well-known MPPT techniques should be encapsulated in one document. This article focuses on online and soft-computing MPPT algorithm classifications under non-uniform irradiance conditions along with their mathematical expression, operating principles, and block diagram/flow charts. It will provide a direction for future research and development in the field of maximum power point tracking optimization.
Amjad Ali; K. Almutairi; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Kashif Irshad; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Hasan Zahir; Saiful Islam; Shafiullah; Neeraj Kumar Shukla. Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions. Energies 2020, 13, 3256 .
AMA StyleAmjad Ali, K. Almutairi, Muhammad Zeeshan Malik, Kashif Irshad, Vineet Tirth, Salem Algarni, Hasan Zahir, Saiful Islam, Shafiullah, Neeraj Kumar Shukla. Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions. Energies. 2020; 13 (12):3256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmjad Ali; K. Almutairi; Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Kashif Irshad; Vineet Tirth; Salem Algarni; Hasan Zahir; Saiful Islam; Shafiullah; Neeraj Kumar Shukla. 2020. "Review of Online and Soft Computing Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Conditions." Energies 13, no. 12: 3256.
Adaptation of sustainable development practices in developing countries has faced many challenges and barriers due to the lack of policy structure. In Pakistan, sustainable development and specifically procurement practices have continued on the same trend prior to the Paris Agreement. This research study examines policy areas that need enhancement for the implementation of sustainable procurement practices in Pakistan’s healthcare industry. The data have been collected from two hospitals and have been analyzed quantitatively with the help of SPSS 22.0. The following factors are investigated to gain a better understanding of underlying issues: the price of equipment, country of origin, international standard compliance (energy, environment, safety and quality standards), actual procurement decision and the most efficient equipment. The Spearman and Chi-square tests are run, and the findings are then utilized to formulate a policy framework. Statistical analysis revealed that price and standard compliance are positively correlated, while the association between country of origin and most efficient equipment using Chi-square test could not be proven. Based on this evaluation, a comprehensive policy framework is proposed covering government and institutional policies, senior management role in terms of commitment toward the implementation of sustainable procurement practices, and introduction of rules incorporating in-depth evaluation of energy, environment, safety and quality standards of all quoted equipment during the procurement process. Such a policy blueprint will assist policymakers and sustainable development planners in the implementation of sustainable processes across various industries.
Salik Uddin Ahmed; Amjad Ali; Abdul Hameed Memon; Ahmad Hussain. Policy framework for implementation of sustainable procurement practices in healthcare industry. Environment, Development and Sustainability 2020, 23, 3929 -3945.
AMA StyleSalik Uddin Ahmed, Amjad Ali, Abdul Hameed Memon, Ahmad Hussain. Policy framework for implementation of sustainable procurement practices in healthcare industry. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2020; 23 (3):3929-3945.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSalik Uddin Ahmed; Amjad Ali; Abdul Hameed Memon; Ahmad Hussain. 2020. "Policy framework for implementation of sustainable procurement practices in healthcare industry." Environment, Development and Sustainability 23, no. 3: 3929-3945.
An increase in demand for renewable energy resources, energy storage technologies, and electric vehicles requires high-power level DC-DC converters. The DC-DC converter that is suitable for high-power conversion applications (i.e., resonant, full-bridge or the dual-active bridge) requires magnetic transformer coupling between input and output stage. However, transformer design in these converters remains a challenging problem, with several non-linear scaling issues that need to be simultaneously optimized to reduce losses and maintain acceptable performance. In this paper, a new transformer-less high step-up boost converter with a charge pump capacitorand capacitor-inductor-diode CLD cell is proposed using dynamic modeling. The experimental and simulation results of the proposed converter are carried out in a laboratory and through Matlab Simulink, where 10 V is given as an input voltage, and at the output, 100 V achieved in the proposed converter. A comparative analysis of the proposed converter has also been done with a conventional quadratic converter that has similar parameters. The results suggest that the proposed converter can obtain high voltage gain without operating at the maximum duty cycle and is more efficient than the conventional converter.
Muhammad Zeeshan Malik; Haoyong Chen; Muhammad Shahzad Nazir; Irfan Khan; Ahmed N. Abdalla; Amjad Ali; Wan Chen. A New Efficient Step-Up Boost Converter with CLD Cell for Electric Vehicle and New Energy Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 1791 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Zeeshan Malik, Haoyong Chen, Muhammad Shahzad Nazir, Irfan Khan, Ahmed N. Abdalla, Amjad Ali, Wan Chen. A New Efficient Step-Up Boost Converter with CLD Cell for Electric Vehicle and New Energy Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (7):1791.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zeeshan Malik; Haoyong Chen; Muhammad Shahzad Nazir; Irfan Khan; Ahmed N. Abdalla; Amjad Ali; Wan Chen. 2020. "A New Efficient Step-Up Boost Converter with CLD Cell for Electric Vehicle and New Energy Systems." Energies 13, no. 7: 1791.
In this work, single-crystalline large-scale LaCO3OH nanoprism morphologies were synthesized by controlling La and Ca molar ratio and the hydrothermal reaction conditions. The nanoprism morphologies of LaCO3OH were unique in nature with a sharp corner and smooth surfaces. The hydrothermal reaction was carried out in the absence of organic additives or templates and (NH4)2CO3 was used as a precipitation agent. The molar ratio of La:Ca was varied over the following values (the sample shorthand is given in parentheses): 75:25 mol% (LC-1), 50:50 mol% (LC-2), and 25:75 mol% (LC-3). Phase-pure LaCO3OH nanoprisms formed at a La:Ca molar ratio of 75:25 mol% without any assistance of catalysts or template. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the as-synthesized powders showed one broad emission band centered at 394 nm after excitation of the pure LC-3 LaCO3OH nanoprisms at λ = 280 nm. The PL intensities were decreased in the order of LC-1 < LC-2< LC-3. The LC-1 and LC-2 samples had almost the same PL intensities probably due to their unique and smooth particle morphology. The calcination result of three samples treated for two hours at 800 °C, shows a reduction in NO activities over highly distributed CaO comprising La2O3. Further, under the presence of H2O and O2 vapor, CaO comprising La2O3 catalysts shows higher stability for the reduction of NO with CH4.
Hasan Zahir; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Shafiullah; Amjad Ali; Firoz Khan; Khaled Own Mohaisen; Masoud Al-Rasheidi. LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties. Catalysts 2020, 10, 394 .
AMA StyleHasan Zahir, Mohammad Mominur Rahman, Shafiullah, Amjad Ali, Firoz Khan, Khaled Own Mohaisen, Masoud Al-Rasheidi. LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties. Catalysts. 2020; 10 (4):394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasan Zahir; Mohammad Mominur Rahman; Shafiullah; Amjad Ali; Firoz Khan; Khaled Own Mohaisen; Masoud Al-Rasheidi. 2020. "LaCO3OH Nanoprisms and Their Luminescence and NO Reduction Properties." Catalysts 10, no. 4: 394.
This study investigates the performance of the thermoelectric air conditioning (TE-AC) system smartly controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT)-based configuration for real tropical climatic application. Air cooling management was done through thermoelectric coolers, and an Arduino microcontroller with various sensors such as a temperature sensor, simple RF modules, and actuators was used to control the indoor climatic conditions based on outdoor conditions. The result shows that when the input power supply to the IoT-based TE-AC system is increased, the cooling capacity of the framework is also enhanced. Significant power and carbon emission reduction was observed for the IoT-based TE-AC system as compared to the TE-AC system without IoT. The IoT-incorporated system also ensures better microclimatic temperature control. Additionally, the system cooling capacity improves by 14.0%, and the coefficient of performance is increased by 46.3%. Thus, this study provides a smart solution to the two major energy harvesting issues of traditional air conditioners—an increase in energy efficiency by employing a TE-AC system and a further improvement in efficiency by using an IoT-based thermal management system.
Kashif Irshad; Abdulmohsen Almalawi; Asif Irshad Khan; Mottahir Alam; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1564 .
AMA StyleKashif Irshad, Abdulmohsen Almalawi, Asif Irshad Khan, Mottahir Alam, Hasan Zahir, Amjad Ali. An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKashif Irshad; Abdulmohsen Almalawi; Asif Irshad Khan; Mottahir Alam; Hasan Zahir; Amjad Ali. 2020. "An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1564.