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Enrico Sturaro
Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente (DAFNAE), Università di Padova (Padova), Legnaro, Italy

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Cover image
Published: 11 July 2021 in Ecology Letters
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The cover image is based on the Letter Behavioural heat-stress compensation in a cold-adapted ungulate: Forage-mediated responses to warming Alpine summers by Paola Semenzato et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13750.

ACS Style

Paola Semenzato; Francesca Cagnacci; Federico Ossi; Emanuele Eccel; Nicolas Morellet; A. J. Mark Hewison; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin. Cover Image. Ecology Letters 2021, 24, 1 .

AMA Style

Paola Semenzato, Francesca Cagnacci, Federico Ossi, Emanuele Eccel, Nicolas Morellet, A. J. Mark Hewison, Enrico Sturaro, Maurizio Ramanzin. Cover Image. Ecology Letters. 2021; 24 (8):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paola Semenzato; Francesca Cagnacci; Federico Ossi; Emanuele Eccel; Nicolas Morellet; A. J. Mark Hewison; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin. 2021. "Cover Image." Ecology Letters 24, no. 8: 1.

Letter
Published: 24 May 2021 in Ecology Letters
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Alpine large herbivores have developed physiological and behavioural mechanisms to cope with fluctuations in climate and resource availability that may become maladaptive under climate warming. We tested this hypothesis in female Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) by modelling annual and daily movement and activity patterns in relation to temperature, vegetation productivity and reproductive status based on bio-logging data and climate change projections. In summer, ibex moved upslope, tracking the green wave. Ibex decreased diel activity sharply above a threshold temperature of 13–14°C, indicating thermal stress, but compensated behaviourally by foraging both earlier and later in the day, and by moving further upslope than on cooler days, especially reproductive females. This critical temperature will be exceeded three times as often under climate change projections. Under such scenarios, the altitudinal extent of the area will limit the available habitat providing thermal shelter, potentially impacting performance and population distribution of this emblematic mountain ungulate.

ACS Style

Paola Semenzato; Francesca Cagnacci; Federico Ossi; Emanuele Eccel; Nicolas Morellet; A. J. Mark Hewison; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin. Behavioural heat‐stress compensation in a cold‐adapted ungulate: Forage‐mediated responses to warming Alpine summers. Ecology Letters 2021, 24, 1556 -1568.

AMA Style

Paola Semenzato, Francesca Cagnacci, Federico Ossi, Emanuele Eccel, Nicolas Morellet, A. J. Mark Hewison, Enrico Sturaro, Maurizio Ramanzin. Behavioural heat‐stress compensation in a cold‐adapted ungulate: Forage‐mediated responses to warming Alpine summers. Ecology Letters. 2021; 24 (8):1556-1568.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paola Semenzato; Francesca Cagnacci; Federico Ossi; Emanuele Eccel; Nicolas Morellet; A. J. Mark Hewison; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin. 2021. "Behavioural heat‐stress compensation in a cold‐adapted ungulate: Forage‐mediated responses to warming Alpine summers." Ecology Letters 24, no. 8: 1556-1568.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This study aimed to evaluate the environmental footprint and feed energy conversion ratio of Alpine dairy chains in the Eastern Alps, taking into account both the milk production and dairy processing phases, and to identify farm management features useful for targeting mitigation measures in the production phase. A cradle-to-farm gate Life Cycle Assessment model that included herd and manure management, on-farm feedstuff production and purchased feedstuffs and materials (dairy farm), and production inputs and dairy outputs (dairy processing) was applied to 75 farms (10 dairies). As functional units, we used 1 kg fat- and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) and 1 m2 of agricultural land, to account for production intensity and land managed by alpine farms, respectively. Impact categories (CML-IA and CED methods, background data from Ecoinvent database) assessed were global warming (GWP), GWP plus land-use change (GWP_LUC), acidification (AP) and eutrophication (EP) potentials, cumulative energy demand (CED) and land occupation (LO). Feed energy conversion ratio (whole diet - ECR; potentially human-edible portion of the diet - HeECR) was computed as the ratio between gross energy in feeds and that in milk. Mean ECR was 6.6 ± 0.5 MJ feed/MJ milk, of which only 8% derived from potentially human-edible feedstuffs. For 1 kg of FPCM at the dairy farm, GWP averaged 1.19 kg CO2-eq, GWP_LUC 1.31 kg CO2-eq, AP 17.3 g SO2-eq and EP 6.0 g PO4-eq (coefficients of variation, CV, ranged 17–21%), whereas mean CED was 2.7 MJ and LO 2.1 m2/y (CVs: 40–46%). When dairy processing was included, the impact values for 1 kg of dairy product were from 8 to 13 times greater than those obtained for 1 kg FPCM. Based on the outcomes of a principal component analysis, the farm management features most related to impacts and feed ratios were milk yield (MY, for the impacts per unit of milk and ECR), stocking rate (SR, for the impacts per unit of area), and percentages of concentrates (C, for GWP_LUC and HeECR). Step-wise analysis evidenced that strategies aiming to decrease the environmental footprint referred to milk and managed area at the same time and to improve the feed energy conversion ratios should include MY, SR and C jointly. These issues are particularly important for the sustainability of mountain farming systems, which need to create a virtuous link with local forage resources and the territory.

ACS Style

M. Berton; S. Bovolenta; M. Corazzin; L. Gallo; S. Pinterits; M. Ramanzin; W. Ressi; C. Spigarelli; A. Zuliani; E. Sturaro. Environmental impacts of milk production and processing in the Eastern Alps: A “cradle-to-dairy gate” LCA approach. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 303, 127056 .

AMA Style

M. Berton, S. Bovolenta, M. Corazzin, L. Gallo, S. Pinterits, M. Ramanzin, W. Ressi, C. Spigarelli, A. Zuliani, E. Sturaro. Environmental impacts of milk production and processing in the Eastern Alps: A “cradle-to-dairy gate” LCA approach. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 303 ():127056.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Berton; S. Bovolenta; M. Corazzin; L. Gallo; S. Pinterits; M. Ramanzin; W. Ressi; C. Spigarelli; A. Zuliani; E. Sturaro. 2021. "Environmental impacts of milk production and processing in the Eastern Alps: A “cradle-to-dairy gate” LCA approach." Journal of Cleaner Production 303, no. : 127056.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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ACS Style

Giovanni Bittante; Erika Pellattiero; Alessio Cecchinato; Franco Tagliapietra; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin; Michele Pazzola; Giuseppe Massimo Vacca; Stefano Schiavon. Performance, carcass conformation and meat quality of suckling, weaned and heavy lambs, and culled fattened ewes of autochthonous alpine sheep breeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021, 20, 970 -984.

AMA Style

Giovanni Bittante, Erika Pellattiero, Alessio Cecchinato, Franco Tagliapietra, Enrico Sturaro, Maurizio Ramanzin, Michele Pazzola, Giuseppe Massimo Vacca, Stefano Schiavon. Performance, carcass conformation and meat quality of suckling, weaned and heavy lambs, and culled fattened ewes of autochthonous alpine sheep breeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2021; 20 (1):970-984.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giovanni Bittante; Erika Pellattiero; Alessio Cecchinato; Franco Tagliapietra; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin; Michele Pazzola; Giuseppe Massimo Vacca; Stefano Schiavon. 2021. "Performance, carcass conformation and meat quality of suckling, weaned and heavy lambs, and culled fattened ewes of autochthonous alpine sheep breeds." Italian Journal of Animal Science 20, no. 1: 970-984.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2020 in Sustainability
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This study analyzed the link between organic beef production and agroecosystems in mountain areas and the potential effects of land use change in eight farms of Catalan Pyrenees with a three step approach: (i) assessment of structural and management features; (ii) comparison of forage productivity and manure loads of 71 farmland parcels in relation with management intensity (natural meadows, seminatural meadows, temporary crops) and, for meadow parcels, with the farmers’ willingness to convert them to temporary crops; (iii) life cycle assessment of the environmental impacts. Each farm managed around 150 ha of pastures and 23 ha of farmland (of which only 5 as temporary crops), and maintained a herd of around 130 livestock units. Forage productivity and manure loads of farmland were modest and extremely variable, and no productive advantages could be predicted from the conversion of meadows to temporary crops. Environmental impacts were mostly related to the on-farm stages, because of low-input management and very high feed self-sufficiency, and the diets used showed very low feed/food competition. These results indicate a balance between organic beef production and management of mountain agroecosystems, which is a key point for sustainability and should be a priority in European policies and strategies.

ACS Style

Marta Teston; Daniel Villalba; Marco Berton; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. Relationships between Organic Beef Production and Agro-Ecosystems in Mountain Areas: The Case of Catalan Pyrenees. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9274 .

AMA Style

Marta Teston, Daniel Villalba, Marco Berton, Maurizio Ramanzin, Enrico Sturaro. Relationships between Organic Beef Production and Agro-Ecosystems in Mountain Areas: The Case of Catalan Pyrenees. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marta Teston; Daniel Villalba; Marco Berton; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. 2020. "Relationships between Organic Beef Production and Agro-Ecosystems in Mountain Areas: The Case of Catalan Pyrenees." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9274.

Journal article
Published: 04 June 2020 in Sustainability
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Compared with more productive areas, mountain areas are at risk of being marginalized, particularly in the agri-food sector. To circumvent price competition, local actors in the mountains can develop specialized local products, which depends on their capacity to act collectively. Collective action, however, is complex and needs to be better understood if it is to steer initiatives towards success. This article sets out a relational approach to studying collective action in a dairy cooperative located in a mountain area: The Primiero cooperative in the Italian Alps. The common pool resources and territorial proximity frameworks were combined in a social network analysis of advice interactions among producer members, and an analysis of trust and conflict among members and between members and other actors involved in the value chain. The results show that the success of collective action can be explained by various complementary factors. Firstly, members had dense relationships, with high levels of trust and reciprocity, while the president had the role of prestige-based leader. Nonetheless, the analysis also highlighted conflicts related to the production levels of “traditional” and “intensive” producers, although members demonstrated a high capacity to resolve conflicts by creating their own rules to control further intensification. Socio-economic status did not appear to play a role in advice relationships, showing that the members interact horizontally. However, the results show that the geographical isolation of some members tended to inhibit their commitment to the collective dynamics. At a higher level, trust toward other actors involved in the value chain plays a central role in carrying out joint projects to develop and promote cheese.

ACS Style

Carine Pachoud; Etienne Delay; Riccardo Da Re; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. A Relational Approach to Studying Collective Action in Dairy Cooperatives Producing Mountain Cheeses in the Alps: The Case of the Primiero Cooperative in the Eastern Italians Alps. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4596 .

AMA Style

Carine Pachoud, Etienne Delay, Riccardo Da Re, Maurizio Ramanzin, Enrico Sturaro. A Relational Approach to Studying Collective Action in Dairy Cooperatives Producing Mountain Cheeses in the Alps: The Case of the Primiero Cooperative in the Eastern Italians Alps. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4596.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carine Pachoud; Etienne Delay; Riccardo Da Re; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. 2020. "A Relational Approach to Studying Collective Action in Dairy Cooperatives Producing Mountain Cheeses in the Alps: The Case of the Primiero Cooperative in the Eastern Italians Alps." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4596.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2020 in Animals
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According to the alpine transhumance system, dairy cows are moved from indoor feeding with conserved forage to fresh herbage feeding on pasture. The aim of this study was to assess, as a feeding adaptation technique, the effect of a gradual inclusion of fresh herbage in the diet of Italian Simmental dairy cows before their transfer to alpine pasture on performance, behavior, and milk characteristics. Eighteen cows were assigned to three groups: animals transferred to alpine pasture with a 10-d feeding adaptation period consisting in gradual access to a pasture close to the valley farm (GT), animals transferred to alpine pasture without a feeding adaptation period (AT), and animals kept in the valley farm (IND). During the first two weeks of summer grazing, GT and AT showed higher rumination time and different concentrations of ketones, hydrocarbons, organic acids, toluene, alcohols, phenols, and dimethyl sulfone in milk as compared to IND, whereas no differences were found in milk yield, composition, or coagulation properties. No differences between GT and AT were evident for the studied variables. The feeding adaptation technique used in this study did not influence the performance and milk characteristics of Italian Simmental dairy cows grazing on alpine pasture.

ACS Style

Mirco Corazzin; Monica Berlese; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin; Luigi Gallo; Eugenio Aprea; Flavia Gasperi; Damiano Gianelle; Stefano Bovolenta. Effect of Feeding Adaptation of Italian Simmental Cows before Summer Grazing on Animal Behavior and Milk Characteristics. Animals 2020, 10, 829 .

AMA Style

Mirco Corazzin, Monica Berlese, Enrico Sturaro, Maurizio Ramanzin, Luigi Gallo, Eugenio Aprea, Flavia Gasperi, Damiano Gianelle, Stefano Bovolenta. Effect of Feeding Adaptation of Italian Simmental Cows before Summer Grazing on Animal Behavior and Milk Characteristics. Animals. 2020; 10 (5):829.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirco Corazzin; Monica Berlese; Enrico Sturaro; Maurizio Ramanzin; Luigi Gallo; Eugenio Aprea; Flavia Gasperi; Damiano Gianelle; Stefano Bovolenta. 2020. "Effect of Feeding Adaptation of Italian Simmental Cows before Summer Grazing on Animal Behavior and Milk Characteristics." Animals 10, no. 5: 829.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in Agricultural Systems
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In the European Alps traditional, low-input dairy farming systems still coexist with modern high-input intensive systems. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of different Alpine farming systems on the environmental footprint, production efficiency (gross energy conversion ratio, ECR) and competition between feed and food (potentially human-edible gross energy conversion ratio, HeECR). Data originated from 37 dairy farms located in the Trento province (eastern Italian Alps), from which four dairy systems were derived by performing non-hierarchical cluster analysis based on farm facilities and management features (traditional, either with tie or loose stalls, and intensive, either with or without use of silages, systems). Environmental footprint was computed using a cradle-to-farm gate Life Cycle Assessment model. One kg fat- and protein-corrected Milk (FPCM) and 1 m2 of agricultural land were used as functional units. Global warming (GWP), acidification (AP) and eutrophication (EP) potentials, cumulative energy demand (CED) and land occupation (LO) were included as impact categories. System boundaries included herd and manure management, on-farm feedstuffs production and purchased feedstuffs and materials. Mean impact values per 1 kg FPCM were 1.0 ± 0.3 kg CO2-eq (GWP), 21.1 ± 4.3 g SO2-eq. (AP), 6.3 ± 1.2 g PO4-eq. (EP), 5.0 ± 2.0 MJ (CED), 1.4 ± 0.5 m2/y (LO), whereas per 1 m2 were 0.8 ± 0.3 kg CO2-eq (GWP), 16.3 ± 4.2 g SO2-eq. (AP), 4.9 ± 1.3 g PO4-eq. (EP), 3.8 ± 1.8 MJ (CED). Mean ECR was 5.17 ± 0.89 MJ/MJ, with 88% of gross energy provided by non-human edible feedstuffs. A large variability was found both between and within dairy systems, in terms of environmental footprint and production efficiency. Impact values were slightly greater per unit of product and lower per unit of area in traditional than in intensive farms, although generally without significant differences. Production efficiency of traditional farms was 17% lower in terms of ECR but 59% greater in terms of HeECR, due to a lower proportion of purchased concentrates in animal rations, with a positive contribution to food balance and diet self-sufficiency. These results indicate that the transition from traditional towards intensive systems improved only slightly the environmental footprint of dairy farming, but increased markedly its dependence on external concentrate feeds and the feed-food competition. In perspective, different aspects of mountain dairy systems, such as the conversion into food of human non edible feeds, the low impacts at the local scale, the ability to conserve grasslands under a land-sharing perspective, and in general the associated ecosystem services, should be considered when aiming to improve their environmental sustainability.

ACS Style

M. Berton; G. Bittante; F. Zendri; M. Ramanzin; S. Schiavon; E. Sturaro. Environmental impact and efficiency of use of resources of different mountain dairy farming systems. Agricultural Systems 2020, 181, 102806 .

AMA Style

M. Berton, G. Bittante, F. Zendri, M. Ramanzin, S. Schiavon, E. Sturaro. Environmental impact and efficiency of use of resources of different mountain dairy farming systems. Agricultural Systems. 2020; 181 ():102806.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Berton; G. Bittante; F. Zendri; M. Ramanzin; S. Schiavon; E. Sturaro. 2020. "Environmental impact and efficiency of use of resources of different mountain dairy farming systems." Agricultural Systems 181, no. : 102806.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2020 in Sustainability
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In the Alps, summer farms are temporary units, where cattle are moved during summer to graze on Alpine pastures, which provide multiple ecosystem services (ESs), many of which do not have a market value. This study aimed at understanding and comparing the perceptions of summer farms and of the associated ESs by local stakeholders and tourists in a study area of the province of Trento in the eastern Italian Alps. Thirty-five online questionnaires and two focus groups were realized with local stakeholders involved in the dairy value-chain. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 405 tourists in two representative summer farms. The perceptions of summer farms differed between local stakeholders, who mainly focused on provisioning ESs, and tourists, who mainly focused on cultural and regulating ESs. Both categories of actors rated positively eight different ESs associated with summer farms, but demonstrated a lack of knowledge of specific regulating ESs. This study showed that discussion among the different actors is required to increase mutual knowledge and to grasp the diversity of links between summer farms and ESs, in order to support public policies and private initiatives for promoting summer farm products and the sustainable development of mountain regions.

ACS Style

Carine Pachoud; Riccardo Da Re; Maurizio Ramanzin; Stefano Bovolenta; Damiano Gianelle; Enrico Sturaro. Tourists and Local Stakeholders’ Perception of Ecosystem Services Provided by Summer Farms in the Eastern Italian Alps. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1095 .

AMA Style

Carine Pachoud, Riccardo Da Re, Maurizio Ramanzin, Stefano Bovolenta, Damiano Gianelle, Enrico Sturaro. Tourists and Local Stakeholders’ Perception of Ecosystem Services Provided by Summer Farms in the Eastern Italian Alps. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1095.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carine Pachoud; Riccardo Da Re; Maurizio Ramanzin; Stefano Bovolenta; Damiano Gianelle; Enrico Sturaro. 2020. "Tourists and Local Stakeholders’ Perception of Ecosystem Services Provided by Summer Farms in the Eastern Italian Alps." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1095.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2018 in Land Use Policy
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The aim of the study was to analyse, using the ecosystem services framework, the sociocultural and economic value of a number of positive functions of Alpine agroecosystems (in north-eastern Italy) in a context of simultaneous processes of intensification and abandonment. Firstly, we used qualitative methods (interviews with farmers and other local stakeholders) to explore the relationships between the dairy livestock systems and the environment. Secondly, we used a choice model to rank and value the most important functions of the current agroecosystems (dairy livestock systems and permanent crops) according to the views of local (residents of the study area) and general (residents of the six neighbouring provinces) populations in three policy scenarios. We found that all the local stakeholders had a positive opinion of the outcomes of the mountain dairy livestock system. Within the current agroecosystems, regulation services (water quality) were found to be the most valuable for the well-being of society. Moreover, people were willing to compromise on production (quality products) rather than cut back on environmental services in a hypothetical sustainable development scenario. The current trend of intensification of permanent crops and dairy production, with the consequent abandonment of summer pastures, was rejected by respondents. The Total Economic Value of a set of four ecosystem services of an Alpine agroecosystem was €159.30 per person per year, which clearly exceeded current expenditure on agroenvironmental programmes.

ACS Style

G. Faccioni; E. Sturaro; M. Ramanzin; A. Bernués. Socio-economic valuation of abandonment and intensification of Alpine agroecosystems and associated ecosystem services. Land Use Policy 2018, 81, 453 -462.

AMA Style

G. Faccioni, E. Sturaro, M. Ramanzin, A. Bernués. Socio-economic valuation of abandonment and intensification of Alpine agroecosystems and associated ecosystem services. Land Use Policy. 2018; 81 ():453-462.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Faccioni; E. Sturaro; M. Ramanzin; A. Bernués. 2018. "Socio-economic valuation of abandonment and intensification of Alpine agroecosystems and associated ecosystem services." Land Use Policy 81, no. : 453-462.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2018 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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ACS Style

Marco Berton; Giacomo Cesaro; Luigi Gallo; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. Sources of variation of the environmental impact of cereal-based intensive beef finishing herds. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2018, 17, 767 -776.

AMA Style

Marco Berton, Giacomo Cesaro, Luigi Gallo, Maurizio Ramanzin, Enrico Sturaro. Sources of variation of the environmental impact of cereal-based intensive beef finishing herds. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2018; 17 (3):767-776.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Berton; Giacomo Cesaro; Luigi Gallo; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. 2018. "Sources of variation of the environmental impact of cereal-based intensive beef finishing herds." Italian Journal of Animal Science 17, no. 3: 767-776.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Journal of Central European Agriculture
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ACS Style

Marco Berton; Luigi Gallo; Giuseppe Carcò; Stefano Schiavon; Enrico Sturaro. Effect of genetic type and low protein diets on the environmental footprint of intensive medium-heavy pig production system. Journal of Central European Agriculture 2018, 19, 852 -857.

AMA Style

Marco Berton, Luigi Gallo, Giuseppe Carcò, Stefano Schiavon, Enrico Sturaro. Effect of genetic type and low protein diets on the environmental footprint of intensive medium-heavy pig production system. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 2018; 19 (4):852-857.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Berton; Luigi Gallo; Giuseppe Carcò; Stefano Schiavon; Enrico Sturaro. 2018. "Effect of genetic type and low protein diets on the environmental footprint of intensive medium-heavy pig production system." Journal of Central European Agriculture 19, no. 4: 852-857.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2017 in Ecological Indicators
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ACS Style

Maurizio Ramanzin; María Ángeles Párraga Aguado; Alessandro Ferragina; Enrico Sturaro; Paola Semenzato; Emmanuel Serrano; Marcus Clauss; Elena Albanell; Rudi Cassini; Giovanni Bittante. Methodological considerations for the use of faecal nitrogen to assess diet quality in ungulates: The Alpine ibex as a case study. Ecological Indicators 2017, 82, 399 -408.

AMA Style

Maurizio Ramanzin, María Ángeles Párraga Aguado, Alessandro Ferragina, Enrico Sturaro, Paola Semenzato, Emmanuel Serrano, Marcus Clauss, Elena Albanell, Rudi Cassini, Giovanni Bittante. Methodological considerations for the use of faecal nitrogen to assess diet quality in ungulates: The Alpine ibex as a case study. Ecological Indicators. 2017; 82 ():399-408.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maurizio Ramanzin; María Ángeles Párraga Aguado; Alessandro Ferragina; Enrico Sturaro; Paola Semenzato; Emmanuel Serrano; Marcus Clauss; Elena Albanell; Rudi Cassini; Giovanni Bittante. 2017. "Methodological considerations for the use of faecal nitrogen to assess diet quality in ungulates: The Alpine ibex as a case study." Ecological Indicators 82, no. : 399-408.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2017 in Agricultural Systems
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This study aims to evaluate the environmental footprint of the integrated France-Italy beef production system (extensive grassland-based suckler cow-calf farms in France with intensive cereal-based fattening farms in northeastern Italy) using a multi-indicator approach, which combines environmental impact categories computed with a cradle-to-farm gate Life Cycle Assessment, and food-related indicators based on the conversion of gross energy and protein of feedstuffs into raw boneless beef. The system boundaries were set from the calves' birth to their sale to the slaughterhouse, including the herd management, on- and off-farm feed production and materials used on the farms. One kilogram of body weight (BW) sold was used as the functional unit. The study involved 73 Charolais batches (i.e., a group of animals homogenous for age, finishing period and fattening farm), kept at 14 Italian farms. Data from 40 farms originating from the Charolais Network database (INRA) were used to characterize the French farm types, which were matched to the fattening batches according to the results of a cluster analysis. The impact categories assessed were as follows (mean +/- SD per kg BW): global warming potential (GWP, 13.0 +/- 0.7 kg CO2-eq, reduced to 9.9 +/- 0.7 kg CO2-eq when considering the carbon sequestration due to French suckler cow-calf system permanent grassland), acidification potential (AP, 193 +/- 13 g SO2-eq), eutrophication potential (EP, 57 +/- 4 g PO4-eq), cumulative energy demand (CED, 36 +/- 5 MJ), and land occupation (LO, 18.7 +/- 0.8 m(2)/year). The on-farm impacts outweighed those of the off-farm activities, except in the case of CED. On average, 41 MJ and 16.7 kg of dietary feed gross energy and protein were required to provide 1 MJ or 1 kg of protein of raw boneless beef, respectively, but nearly 85% and 80%, respectively, were derived from feedstuffs not suitable for human consumption. Emission-related (GWP, AP, EP) and resource utilization categories (CED, LO) were positively correlated. Food-related indicators showed positive correlations with emission-related indicators when the overall feedstuffs of the diet were considered but negative correlations when only the potentially human-edible portions of the beef diets were considered. In conclusion, the integration of the pasture-based France suckler cow-calf system with the cereal-based Italian fattening farms allows for the exploitation of the resources available, increasing the share of non-human-edible feedstuffs while maintaining good livestock productive efficiency. Combining indicators of impact categories with indicators of feed net supply may improve the assessment of the environmental footprint of livestock systems

ACS Style

Marco Berton; Jacques Agabriel; Luigi Gallo; Michel Lherm; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. Environmental footprint of the integrated France–Italy beef production system assessed through a multi-indicator approach. Agricultural Systems 2017, 155, 33 -42.

AMA Style

Marco Berton, Jacques Agabriel, Luigi Gallo, Michel Lherm, Maurizio Ramanzin, Enrico Sturaro. Environmental footprint of the integrated France–Italy beef production system assessed through a multi-indicator approach. Agricultural Systems. 2017; 155 ():33-42.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Berton; Jacques Agabriel; Luigi Gallo; Michel Lherm; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro. 2017. "Environmental footprint of the integrated France–Italy beef production system assessed through a multi-indicator approach." Agricultural Systems 155, no. : 33-42.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Animal
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Beef production from cull cows is an additional source of income for dairy farms and greatly contributes to red meat production, but the sources of variation of live animal characteristics and the carcass traits of cull cows have rarely been examined. This study investigated the effects of the farm type, breed, age at slaughter (AGE) and calving to culling interval (Calv_Cull) on the body traits and carcass characteristics of dairy and dual-purpose cull cows. Data from 555 cull cows from 182 herds belonging to five farm types, characterised by a combination of housing and feeding systems, were recorded and analysed. Dairy breeds, such as Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss, and dual-purpose breeds (Simmental, Rendena) were included in the trait assessments. The day before slaughter, the cows were weighed and scored for body condition (BCS) and fleshiness, and then, their heart girth and wither height were measured. At the slaughterhouse, the carcass weight (CW), dressing percentage (DP), carcass conformation and fatness scores, carcass price per kg and carcass total value were obtained. On average, the cows were slaughtered at nearly 71±27 months of age, 285±187 days after the last calving; 615±95 kg BW; and provided a 257±51 kg CW. Nearly 50% of the cows fell within the BCS range of 2.75 to 3.50, and the carcasses were mostly graded in the lowest class of conformation and fatness scores. Cull cows from free-stall farms had a higher DP, carcass conformation score and price than those from traditional tie-stall farms. The breed influenced the AGE, live animal characteristics and carcass traits. Cows from dairy breeds were younger at slaughter, had a lower BCS and fleshiness, and greater body measurements, but a lower DP and carcass price than those from dual-purpose breeds, although differences between the breeds were found within both groups. The age of the cows at slaughter influenced the Calv_Cull and increased the BW, body measurements and CW, but not the fleshiness and fatness appreciation (both in vivo and postmortem) or carcass price. The increasing Calv_Cull improved the BW, BCS, fleshiness, CW and carcass conformation and fatness. In conclusion, the decision to cull dairy cows should also take into account the factors that affect their carcass value in regards to improving the carcass price of cows.

ACS Style

L. Gallo; Enrico Sturaro; Giovanni Bittante. Body traits, carcass characteristics and price of cull cows as affected by farm type, breed, age and calving to culling interval. Animal 2017, 11, 696 -704.

AMA Style

L. Gallo, Enrico Sturaro, Giovanni Bittante. Body traits, carcass characteristics and price of cull cows as affected by farm type, breed, age and calving to culling interval. Animal. 2017; 11 (4):696-704.

Chicago/Turabian Style

L. Gallo; Enrico Sturaro; Giovanni Bittante. 2017. "Body traits, carcass characteristics and price of cull cows as affected by farm type, breed, age and calving to culling interval." Animal 11, no. 4: 696-704.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Journal of Dairy Science
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Summer transhumance of dairy cows to high Alpine pastures is still practiced in many mountainous areas. It is important for many permanent dairy farms because the use of highland pastures increases milk production and high-priced typical local dairy products often boost farm income. As traditional cheese- and ricotta-making procedures in Alpine pastures are central to this dairy system, the objective of this study was to characterize the quality and efficiency of products and their relationships with the quality and availability of grass during the grazing season. The milk from 148 cows from 12 permanent farms reared on a temporary farm located in Alpine pastures was processed every 2 wk during the summer (7 cheesemakings from late June to early September). During each processing, 11 dairy products (4 types of milk, 2 by-products, 3 fresh products, and 2 ripened cheeses) were sampled and analyzed. In addition, 8 samples of fresh forage from the pasture used by the cows were collected and analyzed. At the beginning of the pasture season the cows were at 233 ± 90 d in milk, 2.4 ± 1.7 parities, and produced 23.6 ± 5.7 kg/d of milk. The milk yield decreased with the move from permanent to temporary farms and during the entire summer transhumance, but partly recovered after the cows returned to the permanent farms. Similar trends were observed for the daily yields of fat, protein, casein, lactose, and energy, as we found no large variations in the quality of the milk, with the exception of the first period of Alpine pasture. The somatic cell counts of milk increased during transhumance, but this resulted from a concentration of cells in a lower quantity of milk rather than an increase in the total number of cells ejected daily from the udder. We noted a quadratic trend in availability of forage (fresh and dry matter weight per hectare), with a maximum in late July. The quality of forage also varied during the summer with a worsening of chemical composition. The evening milk (before and after natural creaming), the whole morning milk, and the mixed vat milk had different chemical compositions, traditional coagulation properties, and curd-firming modeling parameters. These variations over the pasture season were similar to the residual variations with respect to chemical composition, and much lower with respect to coagulation and curd-firming traits. Much larger variations were noted in cream, cheese, and ricotta yields, as well as in nutrient recoveries in curd during the pasture season. The protein content of forage was correlated with some of the coagulation and curd-firming traits, the ether extract of forage was positively correlated with milk fat content and cheese yields, and fiber fractions of forage were unfavorably correlated with some of the chemical and technological traits. Traditional cheese- and ricotta-making procedures showed average cream, cheese, and ricotta yields of 6.3, 14.2, and 4.9%, respectively, and an overall recovery of almost 100% of milk fat, 88% of milk protein, and 60% of total milk solids.

ACS Style

Matteo Bergamaschi; Claudio Cipolat-Gotet; Giorgia Stocco; C. Valorz; I. Bazzoli; E. Sturaro; M. Ramanzin; Giovanni Bittante. Cheesemaking in highland pastures: Milk technological properties, cream, cheese and ricotta yields, milk nutrients recovery, and products composition. Journal of Dairy Science 2016, 99, 9631 -9646.

AMA Style

Matteo Bergamaschi, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Giorgia Stocco, C. Valorz, I. Bazzoli, E. Sturaro, M. Ramanzin, Giovanni Bittante. Cheesemaking in highland pastures: Milk technological properties, cream, cheese and ricotta yields, milk nutrients recovery, and products composition. Journal of Dairy Science. 2016; 99 (12):9631-9646.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matteo Bergamaschi; Claudio Cipolat-Gotet; Giorgia Stocco; C. Valorz; I. Bazzoli; E. Sturaro; M. Ramanzin; Giovanni Bittante. 2016. "Cheesemaking in highland pastures: Milk technological properties, cream, cheese and ricotta yields, milk nutrients recovery, and products composition." Journal of Dairy Science 99, no. 12: 9631-9646.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2016 in Journal of Dairy Research
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This paper aimed at evaluating the effect of summer transhumance to mountain pastures of dairy cows of different breeds on cheese-making ability of milk. Data were from 649 dairy cows of specialized (Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss) dual purpose (Simmental) and local (mostly Rendena and Alpine Grey) breeds. The Fourier-Transform Infra-Red Spectra (FTIRS) of their milk samples were collected before and after transhumance in 109 permanent dairy farms, and during transhumance in 14 summer farms (with multi-breeds herds) of the Trento Province, north-eastern Italy. A variety of 18 traits describing milk coagulation, curd firming, cheese yield and nutrients recovery in curd/loss in whey were predicted on the basis of FTIRS collected at the individual cow level. Moving the cows to summer farms improved curd firming traits but reduced cheese yields because of an increase of water and fat lost in the whey. During summer grazing, most of cheese-making traits improved, often non-linearly. The milk from summer farms supplementing cows with more concentrates showed better curd firming and cheese yield, because of lower fat lost in the whey. The breed of cows affected almost all the traits with a worst cheese-making ability for milk samples of Holsteins through all the trial, and interacted with concentrate supplementation because increasing compound feed tended to improve cheese-making traits for all breed, with the exception of local breeds for coagulation time and of Brown Swiss for curd firming time. In general, summer transhumance caused a favourable effect on cheese-making aptitude of milk, even though with some difference according to parity, initial days in milk, breed and concentrate supplementation of cows.

ACS Style

Francesco Zendri; Maurizio Ramanzin; Claudio Cipolat-Gotet; Enrico Sturaro. Variation of milk coagulation properties, cheese yield, and nutrients recovery in curd of cows of different breeds before, during and after transhumance to highland summer pastures. Journal of Dairy Research 2016, 84, 39 -48.

AMA Style

Francesco Zendri, Maurizio Ramanzin, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Enrico Sturaro. Variation of milk coagulation properties, cheese yield, and nutrients recovery in curd of cows of different breeds before, during and after transhumance to highland summer pastures. Journal of Dairy Research. 2016; 84 (1):39-48.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Zendri; Maurizio Ramanzin; Claudio Cipolat-Gotet; Enrico Sturaro. 2016. "Variation of milk coagulation properties, cheese yield, and nutrients recovery in curd of cows of different breeds before, during and after transhumance to highland summer pastures." Journal of Dairy Research 84, no. 1: 39-48.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2016 in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
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ACS Style

Jana Sabrina Jerrentrup; Sebastian Klimek; Elisa Marchiori; Giovanni Bittante; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro; Lorenzo Marini. Impact of dairy farming on butterfly diversity in Alpine summer pastures. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2016, 232, 38 -45.

AMA Style

Jana Sabrina Jerrentrup, Sebastian Klimek, Elisa Marchiori, Giovanni Bittante, Maurizio Ramanzin, Enrico Sturaro, Lorenzo Marini. Impact of dairy farming on butterfly diversity in Alpine summer pastures. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2016; 232 ():38-45.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jana Sabrina Jerrentrup; Sebastian Klimek; Elisa Marchiori; Giovanni Bittante; Maurizio Ramanzin; Enrico Sturaro; Lorenzo Marini. 2016. "Impact of dairy farming on butterfly diversity in Alpine summer pastures." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 232, no. : 38-45.

Papers
Published: 02 July 2016 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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This paper aimed at testing the differences of adaptability of bovine dairy, dual purpose and local breeds during the summer transhumance to highland pastures (summer farms), evaluating temporal variations of body condition and of milk yield and quality. Data were from 799 dairy cows of specialised (Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss), dual purpose (Simmental) and local (mostly Rendena and Alpine Grey) breeds, and were collected before and after the transhumance in 109 permanent dairy farms, and during transhumance in 15 summer farms of the Autonomous Province of Trento, north-eastern Italy. Body Condition Score (BCS), milk production and quality (fat, protein, casein, lactose, urea, SCS) were analysed for the fixed effects of breed, parity, days in milk, month, supplementary concentrate level, and for the random effects of summer farm and individual cow. Body condition score was influenced by transhumance to summer farms, with low values in July and a recovery at the end of the period. This pattern was particularly marked in the specialised breeds. Similarly, also milk production declined, especially for Holstein Friesian and Brown Swiss, so that towards the end of transhumance all breeds had similar milk productions. Returning to permanent farms did not compensate the specialised breeds for the production loss experienced at the beginning of the grazing season. In conclusion, local and dual purpose breeds adapt better than specialised breeds to the summer pastures, and this results into an important reduction of their productive gaps (with lower variations of milk quality) and in maintaining body fat reserves.

ACS Style

Francesco Zendri; Maurizio Ramanzin; Giovanni Bittante; Enrico Sturaro. Transhumance of dairy cows to highland summer pastures interacts with breed to influence body condition, milk yield and quality. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016, 15, 481 -491.

AMA Style

Francesco Zendri, Maurizio Ramanzin, Giovanni Bittante, Enrico Sturaro. Transhumance of dairy cows to highland summer pastures interacts with breed to influence body condition, milk yield and quality. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2016; 15 (3):481-491.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Zendri; Maurizio Ramanzin; Giovanni Bittante; Enrico Sturaro. 2016. "Transhumance of dairy cows to highland summer pastures interacts with breed to influence body condition, milk yield and quality." Italian Journal of Animal Science 15, no. 3: 481-491.

Journal article
Published: 13 June 2016 in Livestock Science
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ACS Style

Marco Berton; Giacomo Cesaro; Luigi Gallo; Giacomo Pirlo; Maurizio Ramanzin; Franco Tagliapietra; Enrico Sturaro. Environmental impact of a cereal-based intensive beef fattening system according to a partial Life Cycle Assessment approach. Livestock Science 2016, 190, 81 -88.

AMA Style

Marco Berton, Giacomo Cesaro, Luigi Gallo, Giacomo Pirlo, Maurizio Ramanzin, Franco Tagliapietra, Enrico Sturaro. Environmental impact of a cereal-based intensive beef fattening system according to a partial Life Cycle Assessment approach. Livestock Science. 2016; 190 ():81-88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Berton; Giacomo Cesaro; Luigi Gallo; Giacomo Pirlo; Maurizio Ramanzin; Franco Tagliapietra; Enrico Sturaro. 2016. "Environmental impact of a cereal-based intensive beef fattening system according to a partial Life Cycle Assessment approach." Livestock Science 190, no. : 81-88.