Experiments were conducted with polymyxin B and two Klebsiella pneumonia isogenic strains (the wild type, KP_WT, and its transconjugant carrying the mobile colistin resistance gene, KP_MCR-1) to demonstrate that conducting two consecutive time-kill experiments (sequential TK) represents a simple approach to discriminate between pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics models with two heterogeneous subpopulations or adaptive resistance.

This study aims to determine the antiobesity activity of Calophyllum soulattri leaves extract (CSLE) on high fat diet-fed rats (HFD) and to predict the molecular docking and pharmacokinetics of selected compounds of Calophyllum soulattri to fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO). Daily body weight, organ, carcass fat (renal and anal), body mass index, total cholesterol, and total triglyceride levels were observed after CSLE was given orally for 50 days. Furthermore, body mass index of a CSLE dose of 50 mg/kgbw, 100 mg/kgbw and orlistat (120 mg/kgbw) group are 0.68, 0.57 and 0.52, respectively. The total body weight of the CLSE dose of 100 mg/kgbw group showed the lowest percentage change, followed by a CLSE dose of 50 mg/kgbw compared to the normal and positive control group. The carcass fat index of CSLE dose of 100 mg/kgbw was not significantly different from orlistat, which was in line with its total cholesterol level and triglyceride (p < 0.05). The binding affinity of selected compounds from Calophyllum soulattri (friedelin, caloxanthone B, macluraxanthone, stigmasterol, trapezifolixanthone, dombakinaxanthone, and brasixanthone B) to FTO are –8.27, –9.74, –8.48, –9.34, –8.85, –8.68 and –9.39 kcal/mol, which are better than that of orlistat at –4.80 kcal/mol. The molecular dynamics simulation showed that the interaction between Caloxanthone B compounds and obesity receptors was relatively stable. Lipinski’s rule determined the absorption percentage of all compounds above 90% with good drug-likeness. The results showed the potential of CSLE as an antiobesity drug candidate.

The quality of yogurt is affected by the addition of durian fruit puree in milk. The aim of this study is to investigate how different concentrations of soy milk affect the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of yogurt in comparison to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). This research was conducted by making durian-flavored yogurt with variations of soy milk at concentrations of 8% (F1), 20% (F2), and 25% (F3). Yogurt was analyzed for organoleptic, pH, viscosity, syneresis, lactic acid content, protein content, and the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The data was processed using SPSS one-way ANOVA statistics. The results showed that only the pH value did not meet the requirements of SNI for yogurt, with a range of 3.80-4.50 for all group concentrations. The viscosity numbers of F1, F2, F3, and control were 634.66, 614.66, 608, and 760.66 cp, respectively. F3 has shown the best stability in form based on syneresis results with a value of 91.93% compared to other groups, such as 90.69%, 91.65%, and 89.59% for F1, F2, and control, respectively. Lactic acid and protein compounds of all groups fulfill the SNI standard with a range of 1.7-1.83% and 3,03-3.23%, respectively. Similar results were shown in the LAB standard as well, showing the LAB numbers were >107 colonies/gram for all formulas. Soymilk addition increases the protein matrix stability determined in syneresis percentage.

The Covid-19 pandemic gave an impact on the limitation of health services in health facilities, causing people to choose self-medication as their treatment method. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge and self-medication behavior of cough symptoms in Rasau Jaya District and the correlation between those two variables during the Covid-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional design with purposive sampling technique was used as a research method for 75 respondents and questionnaires were used as a measuring tool. Data processing was carried out using SPSS statistical tests. We found that none of the respondents had low knowledge levels with 71 respondents (94,7%) having a good level of knowledge and 4 respondents (5,3%) having sufficient levels. This result are in line with self-medication behavior showed that 73 respondents (97,3%) have a good level of behavior at doing self-medication of cough and 2 respondents (2,7%) have deficient levels. The majority people in Rasau Jaya District have a good level of knowledge and self-medication behavior and we found that there is a correlation between those two variables.

Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is known as one of the most common causes of hospitalacquired infections. Its prevalence poses substantial challenges to both hospital and public health systems, particularly due to the rise of multidrug‐resistant strains. Understanding the epidemiology and resistance properties of K. pneumoniae can inform antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs. A cross-sectional study was employed from November 2021 to November 2023. Methods: A total of 24 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production test, and molecular gene detection. Results: The study found that 95.8% of clinical isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin (100%). A high percentage of isolates were resistant to cefazolin (91.7%), ceftriaxone (87.5%), cefotaxime (87.5%), cefepime (87.5%), ciprofloxacin (83.3%), and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (83.3%). Of the 24 isolates, 87.5% harbored ESBL genes, while the frequencies for GES, NDM, SIM, and OXA-48 were 16.7%, 20.8%, 8.3%, and 41.7%, respectively. Notably, the OXA-23 and OXA-51 genes, which are typically associated with Acinetobacter baumannii, were detected in 16.7% and 20.8% of isolates, respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of virulence genes rmpA, acrAB, and tolC was 0%, 95.8%, and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high level of antibiotic resistance and a significant presence of virulence genes among K. pneumoniae isolates. Consequently, these findings represent a critical public health issue that requires heightened awareness among all stakeholders, including health workers.

Malnutrition is characterized by slow growth and excessive loss of body fat. The fats needed during the growth period of toddlers are essential fatty acids, which are important for the human body and cannot be made in the body but must come from food. specifically omega-3, which is beneficial for children's growth and brain intelligence. The plant that contains this content is the tengkawang fruit. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tengkawang fruit on motor behavior and organ indices in malnourished male white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) of the Wistar strain. Research methods include making low-protein animal feed, making test preparations, and grouping animals. Mice were divided into 5 groups, namely positive control, negative control, normal control, and two dose groups; then behavioral observations and organ index observations were observed. The organs observed were the spleen, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. The results of behavioral observations in the tengkawang fruit extract group showed that the platform observation increased again after being given the test preparation like the normal group, and the same as motor activity, there was an increase back to normal conditions, especially in the tengkawang fruit extract group at a dose of 100 mg/kgBB, where there was an increase exceeding the normal group by 40%. Observation of organ indices did not show a significant increase (p 0.05) in the lymph organs, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys compared to the normal group. Giving tengkawang fruit extract at a dose of 100 mg/kgBB and a dose of 300 mg/kgBB can make the behavior and organ index of malnourished mice return to normal. However, it did not show a significant increase (p 0.05) between the two dose groups and the negative control group, so it is recommended that further research be carried out using an inert solvent with tengkawang tungul extract.