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Pensak Jantrawut
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

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Journal article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Insects
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In this work, the chemical compositions of basils oils, including those of lemon basil, white holy basil, Thai basil, tree basil and red holy basil, were analysed. Methyl eugenol was detected in all types of basils. The essential oils of red and white holy basils possessed a comparable ability (~25%) to attract male Oriental fruit fly to the synthesised fruit fly attractant in the laboratory experiment. To control the release of the active ingredients, the white holly basil oil (WBO) was encapsulated with maltodextrin (MD) and gum arabic (GA) by paste method. The essential oil is retained in the wall complex much longer with the addition of MD. The results also revealed that the combination of the MD:GA (25:75) had the highest loading efficiency of the oil (9.40%) as observed by the numerous porous structures by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the encapsulated polymer confirmed traces of essential oil functional groups. The field test study advised that WBO-encapsulated products improved fruit fly attractive efficiency by maintaining the release rate of basil essential oil.

ACS Style

Tibet Tangpao; Patcharin Krutmuang; Wilawan Kumpoun; Pensak Jantrawut; Tonapha Pusadee; Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon; Sarana Sommano; Bajaree Chuttong. Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control. Insects 2021, 12, 633 .

AMA Style

Tibet Tangpao, Patcharin Krutmuang, Wilawan Kumpoun, Pensak Jantrawut, Tonapha Pusadee, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Sarana Sommano, Bajaree Chuttong. Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control. Insects. 2021; 12 (7):633.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tibet Tangpao; Patcharin Krutmuang; Wilawan Kumpoun; Pensak Jantrawut; Tonapha Pusadee; Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon; Sarana Sommano; Bajaree Chuttong. 2021. "Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control." Insects 12, no. 7: 633.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in Membranes
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Nicotine (NCT), administered in the form of a fast dissolving oral delivery system, can be a potential alternative to nicotine replacement therapy. NCT was extracted by maceration and acid-base extraction methods from Burley tobacco leaves with different stalk positions and extraction yield and NCT content were further determined. The extract with the highest nicotine content was selected for incorporation into a fast dissolving film formulation. The optimized film was evaluated for its physical and mechanical properties, in vitro disintegration, and drug release profile. The results demonstrated that the extract from the upper part of tobacco leaves using the acid-base extraction method had the highest amount of NCT. NCT fast dissolving film consisting of this extract as the active ingredient and HPMC E15 as a film polymer resulted in a homogeneous translucent film with a light brown color. The addition of NCT significantly affected the film properties in terms of weight, disintegration time, tensile strength, percentage elongation at break, and Young’s modulus values. The drug release of NCT fast dissolving film showed a rapid initial release of 80% within three minutes, and its kinetics followed the Higuchi matrix model. The results suggest that these NCT films can be employed in the development of NCT fast dissolving films for clinical use.

ACS Style

Kantaporn Kheawfu; Adchareeya Kaewpinta; Wisinee Chanmahasathien; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Pensak Jantrawut. Extraction of Nicotine from Tobacco Leaves and Development of Fast Dissolving Nicotine Extract Film. Membranes 2021, 11, 403 .

AMA Style

Kantaporn Kheawfu, Adchareeya Kaewpinta, Wisinee Chanmahasathien, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Pensak Jantrawut. Extraction of Nicotine from Tobacco Leaves and Development of Fast Dissolving Nicotine Extract Film. Membranes. 2021; 11 (6):403.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kantaporn Kheawfu; Adchareeya Kaewpinta; Wisinee Chanmahasathien; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Pensak Jantrawut. 2021. "Extraction of Nicotine from Tobacco Leaves and Development of Fast Dissolving Nicotine Extract Film." Membranes 11, no. 6: 403.

Journal article
Published: 14 April 2021 in Molecules
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In recent years, instead of the use of chemical substances, alternative substances, especially plant extracts, have been characterized for an active packaging of antibacterial elements. In this study, the peels of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), and mango (Mangifera indica) were extracted to obtain bioactive compound by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and maceration with water, ethanol 95% and water–ethanol (40:60%). All extracts contained phenolics and flavonoids. However, mangosteen peel extracted by MAE and maceration with water/ethanol (MT-MAE-W/E and MT-Ma-W/E, respectively) contained higher phenolic and flavonoid contents, and exhibited greater antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Thus, both extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis, α-mangostin conferring antibacterial property was found in both extracts. The MT-MAE-W/E and MT-Ma-W/E films exhibited 30.22 ± 2.14 and 30.60 ± 2.83 mm of growth inhibition zones against S. aureus and 26.50 ± 1.60 and 26.93 ± 3.92 mm of growth inhibition zones against E. coli. These clear zones were wider than its crude extract approximately 3 times, possibly because the film formulation enhanced antibacterial activity with sustained release of active compound. Thus, the mangosteen extracts have potential to be used as an antibacterial compound in active packaging.

ACS Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Nutthapong Kantrong; Sarana Sommano; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Taepin Junmahasathien; Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath; Pensak Jantrawut. Extraction of Tropical Fruit Peels and Development of HPMC Film Containing the Extracts as an Active Antibacterial Packaging Material. Molecules 2021, 26, 2265 .

AMA Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit, Nutthapong Kantrong, Sarana Sommano, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Taepin Junmahasathien, Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath, Pensak Jantrawut. Extraction of Tropical Fruit Peels and Development of HPMC Film Containing the Extracts as an Active Antibacterial Packaging Material. Molecules. 2021; 26 (8):2265.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Nutthapong Kantrong; Sarana Sommano; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Taepin Junmahasathien; Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath; Pensak Jantrawut. 2021. "Extraction of Tropical Fruit Peels and Development of HPMC Film Containing the Extracts as an Active Antibacterial Packaging Material." Molecules 26, no. 8: 2265.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Biology
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Steroid 5-alpha reductases (SRD5As) are responsible for the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, a potent androgen, which is the aetiologic factor of androgenetic alopecia. This study aimed to compare the SRD5A gene expression suppression activity exerted by Thai rice bran extracts and their components and investigate the interactional mechanism between bioactive compounds and SRD5A2 using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Bran of Oryza sativa cv. Tubtim Chumphae (TRB), Yamuechaebia Morchor (YRB), Riceberry (RRB), and Malinil Surin (MRB), all rice milling by-products, was solvent-extracted. The ethanolic extract of TRB had the highest sum of overall bioactive compounds (γ-oryzanol; α-, β-, and γ-tocopherol; phenolics; and flavonoids). Among all extracts, TRB greatly downregulated the expression of SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3; there were no significant differences between TRB and finasteride regarding SRD5A suppression. The linear relationship and principal component analysis supported that the α-tocopherol content was correlated with the SRD5A suppression exerted by TRB. Furthermore, MD simulation demonstrated that α-tocopherol had the highest binding affinity towards SRD5A2 by interacting with residues Phe118 and Trp201. Our findings indicate that α-tocopherol effectively downregulates the expression of SRD5A genes and inhibits SRD5A2 activity, actions that are comparable to standard finasteride. TRB, a source of α-tocopherol, could be developed as an anti-hair loss product.

ACS Style

Chiranan Khantham; Wipawadee Yooin; Korawan Sringarm; Sarana Sommano; Supat Jiranusornkul; Francisco Carmona; Wutigri Nimlamool; Pensak Jantrawut; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich. Effects on Steroid 5-Alpha Reductase Gene Expression of Thai Rice Bran Extracts and Molecular Dynamics Study on SRD5A2. Biology 2021, 10, 319 .

AMA Style

Chiranan Khantham, Wipawadee Yooin, Korawan Sringarm, Sarana Sommano, Supat Jiranusornkul, Francisco Carmona, Wutigri Nimlamool, Pensak Jantrawut, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich. Effects on Steroid 5-Alpha Reductase Gene Expression of Thai Rice Bran Extracts and Molecular Dynamics Study on SRD5A2. Biology. 2021; 10 (4):319.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiranan Khantham; Wipawadee Yooin; Korawan Sringarm; Sarana Sommano; Supat Jiranusornkul; Francisco Carmona; Wutigri Nimlamool; Pensak Jantrawut; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich. 2021. "Effects on Steroid 5-Alpha Reductase Gene Expression of Thai Rice Bran Extracts and Molecular Dynamics Study on SRD5A2." Biology 10, no. 4: 319.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2021 in Polymers
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Curcumin is a phenolic compound derived from turmeric roots (Curcuma longa L.). This research studied the effects of curcumin extract on the properties of chitosan films. The film characteristics measured included mechanical properties, visual aspects, color parameters, light transmission, moisture content, water solubility, water vapor permeability, infrared spectroscopy, and antioxidant activity. The results suggest that adding curcumin to chitosan-based films increases yellowness and light barriers. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed interactions between the phenolic compounds of the extract and the chitosan, which may have improved the mechanical properties and reduced the moisture content, water solubility, and water vapor permeability of the films. The antioxidant activity of the films increased with increasing concentrations of the curcumin extract. This study shows the potential benefits of incorporating curcumin extract into chitosan films used as active packaging.

ACS Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warinporn Klunklin; Pensak Jantrawut; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Noppol Leksawasdi; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. Characterization of Chitosan Film Incorporated with Curcumin Extract. Polymers 2021, 13, 963 .

AMA Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun, Warinporn Klunklin, Pensak Jantrawut, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Noppol Leksawasdi, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Suphat Phongthai, Sarana Sommano, Winita Punyodom, Alissara Reungsang, Thi Ngo. Characterization of Chitosan Film Incorporated with Curcumin Extract. Polymers. 2021; 13 (6):963.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warinporn Klunklin; Pensak Jantrawut; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Noppol Leksawasdi; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. 2021. "Characterization of Chitosan Film Incorporated with Curcumin Extract." Polymers 13, no. 6: 963.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2021 in Polymers
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Nata de coco has been used as a raw material for food preparation. In this study, the production of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film from nata de coco and the effect of monochloroacetic acid on carboxymethyl bacterial cellulose (CMC n ) and its film were investigated. Bacterial cellulose from nata de coco was modified into CMC form via carboxymethylation using various concentrations of monochloroacetic acid (MCA) at 6, 12, 18, and 24 g per 15 g of cellulose. The results showed that different concentrations of MCA affected the degree of substitution (DS), chemical structure, viscosity, color, crystallinity, and morphology of CMC n . The optimum treatment for carboxymethylation was found using 24 g of MCA per 15 g of cellulose, which provided the highest DS at 0.83. The morphology of CMC n was related to DS value; a higher DS value showed denser and smoother surface than nata de coco cellulose. The various MCA concentrations increased the mechanical properties (tensile strength and percentage of elongation at break) and water vapor permeability of CMC n , which were related to the DS value.

ACS Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warinporn Klunklin; Pensak Jantrawut; Noppol Leksawasdi; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. Effect of Monochloroacetic Acid on Properties of Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose Powder and Film from Nata de Coco. Polymers 2021, 13, 488 .

AMA Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun, Warinporn Klunklin, Pensak Jantrawut, Noppol Leksawasdi, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Suphat Phongthai, Sarana Sommano, Winita Punyodom, Alissara Reungsang, Thi Ngo. Effect of Monochloroacetic Acid on Properties of Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose Powder and Film from Nata de Coco. Polymers. 2021; 13 (4):488.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Warinporn Klunklin; Pensak Jantrawut; Noppol Leksawasdi; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. 2021. "Effect of Monochloroacetic Acid on Properties of Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose Powder and Film from Nata de Coco." Polymers 13, no. 4: 488.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Polymers
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Bacterial cellulose from nata de coco was prepared from the fermentation of coconut juice with Acetobacter xylinum for 10 days at room temperature under sterile conditions. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was transformed from the bacterial cellulose from the nata de coco by carboxymethylation using different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in an isopropyl (IPA) medium. The effects of various NaOH concentrations on the degree of substitution (DS), chemical structure, viscosity, color, crystallinity, morphology and the thermal properties of carboxymethyl bacterial cellulose powder from nata de coco (CMCn) were evaluated. In the carboxymethylation process, the optimal condition resulted from NaOH amount of 30 g/100 mL, as this provided the highest DS value (0.92). The crystallinity of CMCn declined after synthesis but seemed to be the same in each condition. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and percentage of elongation at break), water vapor permeability (WVP) and morphology of CMCn films obtained from CMCn synthesis using different NaOH concentrations were investigated. The tensile strength of CMCn film synthesized with a NaOH concentration of 30 g/100 mL increased, however it declined when the amount of NaOH concentration was too high. This result correlated with the DS value. The highest percent elongation at break was obtained from CMCn films synthesized with 50 g/100 mL NaOH, whereas the elongation at break decreased when NaOH concentration increased to 60 g/100 mL.

ACS Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Pensak Jantrawut; Warinporn Klunklin; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Noppol Leksawasdi; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Chayatip Insomphun; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose from Nata de Coco: Effects of NaOH. Polymers 2021, 13, 348 .

AMA Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun, Pensak Jantrawut, Warinporn Klunklin, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Noppol Leksawasdi, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Chayatip Insomphun, Suphat Phongthai, Sarana Sommano, Winita Punyodom, Alissara Reungsang, Thi Ngo. Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose from Nata de Coco: Effects of NaOH. Polymers. 2021; 13 (3):348.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pornchai Rachtanapun; Pensak Jantrawut; Warinporn Klunklin; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Noppol Leksawasdi; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Chayatip Insomphun; Suphat Phongthai; Sarana Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Ngo. 2021. "Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose from Nata de Coco: Effects of NaOH." Polymers 13, no. 3: 348.

Journal article
Published: 28 December 2020 in Polymers
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Cellulose from Asparagus officinalis stalk end was extracted and synthesized to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCas) using monochloroacetic acid (MCA) via carboxymethylation reaction with various sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations starting from 20% to 60%. The cellulose and CMCas were characterized by the physical properties, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, mechanical properties of CMCas films were also investigated. The optimum condition for producing CMCas was found to be 30% of NaOH concentration for the carboxymethylation reaction, which provided the highest percent yield of CMCas at 44.04% with the highest degree of substitution (DS) at 0.98. The melting point of CMCas decreased with increasing NaOH concentrations. Crystallinity of CMCas was significantly deformed (p < 0.05) after synthesis at a high concentration. The L* value of the CMCas was significantly lower at a high NaOH concentration compared to the cellulose. The highest tensile strength (44.59 MPa) was found in CMCas film synthesized with 40% of NaOH concentration and the highest percent elongation at break (24.99%) was obtained in CMCas film treated with 30% of NaOH concentration. The applications of asparagus stalk end are as biomaterials in drug delivery system, tissue engineering, coating, and food packaging.

ACS Style

Warinporn Klunklin; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Noppol Leksawasdi; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Chayatip Insomphun; Suphat Phongthai; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Minh Phuong Ngo; Pornchai Rachtanapun. Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Asparagus Stalk End. Polymers 2020, 13, 81 .

AMA Style

Warinporn Klunklin, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Noppol Leksawasdi, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Chayatip Insomphun, Suphat Phongthai, Pensak Jantrawut, Sarana Rose Sommano, Winita Punyodom, Alissara Reungsang, Thi Minh Phuong Ngo, Pornchai Rachtanapun. Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Asparagus Stalk End. Polymers. 2020; 13 (1):81.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Warinporn Klunklin; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Noppol Leksawasdi; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Chayatip Insomphun; Suphat Phongthai; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Winita Punyodom; Alissara Reungsang; Thi Minh Phuong Ngo; Pornchai Rachtanapun. 2020. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Asparagus Stalk End." Polymers 13, no. 1: 81.

Journal article
Published: 25 December 2020 in Cosmetics
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Moringa oleifera seed oil has been recognized for its benefits in relation to the skin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of moringa seed oil, to formulate a moringa seed oil cream, and to determine the efficacy of moringa seed oil cream in vivo. The chemical components of moringa seed oil were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. The antioxidant activity of the oil was determined by a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging assay. An oil-in-water cream containing moringa seed oil was developed and characterized for antioxidant activity. The moringa seed oil cream was further subjected to the accelerated stability test of heating–cooling cycles for six cycles and stored isothermally at 4, 30, and 45 °C for 28 days. The efficacy of moringa seed oil cream was investigated in 32 participants by measuring their skin hydration, erythema, melanin values, and visco-elasticity. The results showed that moringa seed oil contained α-tocopherol, plant sterols, and fatty acids. The oil had antioxidant activity with a 50% of initial concentration (IC50) value of 121.9 mg/mL. The stability study indicated that the pH, viscosity, and rheological behavior of the cream containing moringa seed oil were not significantly changed after storage at 4, 30, and 45 °C for 28 days and six heating–cooling cycles. The moringa seed oil cream exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity and increased the in vivo skin hydration level compared with the cream base. There was no report of skin irritation from moringa seed oil cream application, suggesting that the moringa seed oil cream developed in this study was appropriate for pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses. A M. oleifera seed oil cream was successfully developed. The moringa seed oil cream possessed antioxidant activity, enhanced the skin hydration level, and reduced skin erythema, but did not affect the melanin content and skin visco-elasticity. The moringa seed oil cream did not induce skin irritation and, thus, was safe to use.

ACS Style

Sirivan Athikomkulchai; Prakairat Tunit; Sarin Tadtong; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Chuda Chittasupho. Moringa oleifera Seed Oil Formulation Physical Stability and Chemical Constituents for Enhancing Skin Hydration and Antioxidant Activity. Cosmetics 2020, 8, 2 .

AMA Style

Sirivan Athikomkulchai, Prakairat Tunit, Sarin Tadtong, Pensak Jantrawut, Sarana Rose Sommano, Chuda Chittasupho. Moringa oleifera Seed Oil Formulation Physical Stability and Chemical Constituents for Enhancing Skin Hydration and Antioxidant Activity. Cosmetics. 2020; 8 (1):2.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sirivan Athikomkulchai; Prakairat Tunit; Sarin Tadtong; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Chuda Chittasupho. 2020. "Moringa oleifera Seed Oil Formulation Physical Stability and Chemical Constituents for Enhancing Skin Hydration and Antioxidant Activity." Cosmetics 8, no. 1: 2.

Review
Published: 08 December 2020 in Molecules
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Terpenes are the primary constituents of essential oils and are responsible for the aroma characteristics of cannabis. Together with the cannabinoids, terpenes illustrate synergic and/or entourage effect and their interactions have only been speculated in for the last few decades. Hundreds of terpenes are identified that allude to cannabis sensory attributes, contributing largely to the consumer’s experiences and market price. They also enhance many therapeutic benefits, especially as aromatherapy. To shed light on the importance of terpenes in the cannabis industry, the purpose of this review is to morphologically describe sources of cannabis terpenes and to explain the biosynthesis and diversity of terpene profiles in different cannabis chemovars.

ACS Style

Sarana Rose Sommano; Chuda Chittasupho; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut. The Cannabis Terpenes. Molecules 2020, 25, 5792 .

AMA Style

Sarana Rose Sommano, Chuda Chittasupho, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Pensak Jantrawut. The Cannabis Terpenes. Molecules. 2020; 25 (24):5792.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarana Rose Sommano; Chuda Chittasupho; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut. 2020. "The Cannabis Terpenes." Molecules 25, no. 24: 5792.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2020 in Membranes
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The objective of the present study was to develop an orally disintegrating film (ODF) for a poorly water-soluble drug, phenytoin (PHT), using the cosolvent solubilization technique to achieve the amorphization of the drug, followed by the preparation of ODFs. Eleven formulations were prepared with different polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and high methoxyl pectin (HMP) by the solvent casting method. The prepared films were subjected to characterization for weight variations, thickness, surface pH, disintegration time and mechanical strength properties. Then, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction analysis and the drug release patterns of the selected films were evaluated. Among the prepared formulations, the formulation composed of 1% w/w of PVA, 0.04% w/w of sodium starch glycolate with polyethylene glycol 400, glycerin and water as cosolvents (PVA-S4) showed promising results. The physical appearance and mechanical strength properties were found to be good. The PVA-S4 film was clear and colorless with a smooth surface. The surface pH was found to be around 7.47 and the in vitro disintegration time was around 1.44 min. The drug content of the PVA-S4 film was 100.27%. X-ray diffractometry and thermal analysis confirmed the transition of phenytoin in the PVA-S4 film into a partially amorphous state during film preparation using the cosolvent solubilization approach. The resulting PVA-S4 film showed a higher dissolution rate in comparison to the film without a cosolvent. Overall, this study indicated the influence of cosolvents on enhancing the solubility of a poorly water-soluble drug and its film dissolution.

ACS Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Pratchaya Tipduangta; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Pensak Jantrawut. Formulation of Orally Disintegrating Films as an Amorphous Solid Solution of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug. Membranes 2020, 10, 376 .

AMA Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa, Pratchaya Tipduangta, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Pensak Jantrawut. Formulation of Orally Disintegrating Films as an Amorphous Solid Solution of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug. Membranes. 2020; 10 (12):376.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Pratchaya Tipduangta; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Pensak Jantrawut. 2020. "Formulation of Orally Disintegrating Films as an Amorphous Solid Solution of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug." Membranes 10, no. 12: 376.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2020 in Polymers
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Extrusion-based 3D printing technology is a relatively new technique that has a potential for fabricating pharmaceutical products in various dosage forms. It offers many advantages over conventional manufacturing methods, including more accurate drug dosing, which is especially important for the drugs that require exact tailoring (e.g., narrow therapeutic index drugs). In this work, we have successfully fabricated phenytoin-loaded orodispersible films (ODFs) through a syringe extrusion 3D printing technique. Two different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E5 and HPMC E15) were used as the film-forming polymers, and glycerin and propylene glycol were used as plasticizers. The 3D-printed ODFs were physicochemically characterized and evaluated for their mechanical properties and in vitro disintegration time. Then, the optimum printed ODFs showing good mechanical properties and the fastest disintegration time were selected to evaluate their drug content and dissolution profiles. The results showed that phenytoin-loaded E15 ODFs demonstrated superior properties when compared to E5 films. It demonstrated a fast disintegration time in less than 5 s and rapidly dissolved and reached up to 80% of drug release within 10 min. In addition, it also exhibited drug content uniformity within United States Pharmacopeia (USP) acceptable range and exhibited good mechanical properties and flexibility with low puncture strength, low Young’s modulus and high elongation, which allows ease of handling and application. Furthermore, the HPMC E15 printing dispersions with suitable concentrations at 10% w/v exhibited a non-Newtonian (shear-thinning) pseudoplastic behavior along with good extrudability characteristics through the extrusion nozzle. Thus, HPMC E15 can be applied as a 3D printing polymer for a syringe extrusion 3D printer.

ACS Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Suruk Udomsom; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Chuda Chittasupho; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut. Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose E15: A Hydrophilic Polymer for Fabrication of Orodispersible Film Using Syringe Extrusion 3D Printer. Polymers 2020, 12, 2666 .

AMA Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa, Suruk Udomsom, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Chuda Chittasupho, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Pensak Jantrawut. Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose E15: A Hydrophilic Polymer for Fabrication of Orodispersible Film Using Syringe Extrusion 3D Printer. Polymers. 2020; 12 (11):2666.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Suruk Udomsom; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Chuda Chittasupho; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut. 2020. "Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose E15: A Hydrophilic Polymer for Fabrication of Orodispersible Film Using Syringe Extrusion 3D Printer." Polymers 12, no. 11: 2666.

Original research
Published: 09 July 2020 in Food Science & Nutrition
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Raw materials used for black garlic (BG) processing were collected from the major garlic production areas in Northern Thailand. Five of those were identified as of Thai origin (accession G1–G5), and accession G6 was of the Chinese variety. They were initially analyzed for varietal differences using morphological characteristics and genetic variation. Fresh materials from each accession were dried to the same moisture content (55%–60%) and BG processed at 75°C, 90% relative humidity (RH) for 15 days. Thereafter, physiochemical and chemical profiles were analyzed and compared. The dendrogram from random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprints grouped G2, G3, G4, and G5 as closely related while G1 and G6 were out‐groups. Prior to BG processing, the pH of fresh garlic was approximately 6.3 and decreased to 3.7, thereafter. The contents of chemical properties were independent with genotypes. BG processing improved phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant but the content of thiosulfinate was minimized in all BG samples. Overall, result indicated that garlics grown in Northern Thailand were genotypically variable. BG processing altered physical and chemical appearance, and these changes were independent with the genotypes.

ACS Style

Piyachat Sunanta; Hsiao‐Hang Chung; Kaewalin Kunasakdakul; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut; Surat Hongsibsong; Sarana Rose Sommano. Genomic relationship and physiochemical properties among raw materials used for Thai black garlic processing. Food Science & Nutrition 2020, 8, 4534 -4545.

AMA Style

Piyachat Sunanta, Hsiao‐Hang Chung, Kaewalin Kunasakdakul, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Pensak Jantrawut, Surat Hongsibsong, Sarana Rose Sommano. Genomic relationship and physiochemical properties among raw materials used for Thai black garlic processing. Food Science & Nutrition. 2020; 8 (8):4534-4545.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piyachat Sunanta; Hsiao‐Hang Chung; Kaewalin Kunasakdakul; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Pensak Jantrawut; Surat Hongsibsong; Sarana Rose Sommano. 2020. "Genomic relationship and physiochemical properties among raw materials used for Thai black garlic processing." Food Science & Nutrition 8, no. 8: 4534-4545.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2020 in Polymers
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The aim of this work was to synthesize carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and produce CMC films from the cellulose of palm bunch and bagasse agricultural waste. The effect of various amounts of H2O2 (0–40% v/v) during delignification on the properties of cellulose, CMC, and CMC films was studied. As the H2O2 content increased, yield and the lignin content of the cellulose from palm bunch and bagasse decreased, whereas lightness (L*) and whiteness index (WI) increased. FTIR confirmed the substitution of a carboxymethyl group on the cellulose structure. A higher degree of substitution of CMC from both sources was found when 20%–30% H2O2 was employed. The trend in the L* and WI values of each CMC and CMC film was related to those values in their respective cellulose. Bleaching each cellulose with 20% H2O2 provided the cellulose with the highest viscosity and the CMC films with the greatest mechanical (higher tensile strength and elongation at break) and soluble attributes, but the lowest water vapor barrier. This evidence indicates that cellulose delignification with H2O2 has a strong effect on the appearance and physical properties of both CMCs.

ACS Style

Rungsiri Suriyatem; Nichaya Noikang; Tamolwan Kankam; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Noppol Leksawasdi; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Chayatip Insomphun; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Thi Minh Phuong Ngo; Pornchai Rachtanapun. Physical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Palm Bunch and Bagasse Agricultural Wastes: Effect of Delignification with Hydrogen Peroxide. Polymers 2020, 12, 1505 .

AMA Style

Rungsiri Suriyatem, Nichaya Noikang, Tamolwan Kankam, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Noppol Leksawasdi, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Chayatip Insomphun, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Pensak Jantrawut, Sarana Rose Sommano, Thi Minh Phuong Ngo, Pornchai Rachtanapun. Physical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Palm Bunch and Bagasse Agricultural Wastes: Effect of Delignification with Hydrogen Peroxide. Polymers. 2020; 12 (7):1505.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rungsiri Suriyatem; Nichaya Noikang; Tamolwan Kankam; Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Noppol Leksawasdi; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Chayatip Insomphun; Phisit Seesuriyachan; Thanongsak Chaiyaso; Pensak Jantrawut; Sarana Rose Sommano; Thi Minh Phuong Ngo; Pornchai Rachtanapun. 2020. "Physical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Palm Bunch and Bagasse Agricultural Wastes: Effect of Delignification with Hydrogen Peroxide." Polymers 12, no. 7: 1505.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2020 in Polymers
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In this study, we aimed to develop a low-mexthoxyl pectin (LMP) from mango peel pectin through a de-esterification method for use as a film forming agent. The prepared de-esterified pectin (DP) was compared to commercial LMP (cLMP) which possessed a 29% degree of esterification (DE). Mango peel pectin was extracted from ripe Nam Dokmai mango peel using the microwave-assisted extraction method. Pectin derived from the mango peel was classified as a high mexthoxyl pectin (79% DE) with 75% of galacturonic acid (GalA) content. A de-esterification experiment was designed by central composite design to plot the surface response curve. Our prepared DP was classified as LMP (DE 29.40%) with 69% GalA. In addition, the Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) spectra of the DP were similar to cLMP and the pectin backbone was not changed by the de-esterification process. Strikingly, the cLMP and DP films showed non-significant differences between their physical properties (p > 0.05) with respect to the puncture strength (13.72 N/mm2 and 11.13 N/mm2 for the cLMP and DP films, respectively), percent elongation (2.75% and 2.52% for the cLMP and DP films, respectively), and Young’s modulus (67.69 N/mm2 and 61.79 N/mm2 for the cLMP and DP films, respectively). The de-esterified pectin containing clindamycin HCl (DPC) and low-methoxyl pectin containing clindamycin HCl (cLMPC) films demonstrated 93.47% and 98.79% of drug loading content. The mechanical properties of the cLMPC and DPC films were improved possibly due to their crystal structures and a plasticizing effect of clindamycin HCl loaded into the films. The DPC film exhibited a drug release profile similar to that of the cLMPC film. Our anti-bacterial test of the films found that the cLMPC film showed 41.11 and 76.30 mm inhibitory clear zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes, respectively. The DPC film showed 40.78 and 74.04 mm clear zones against S. aureus and C. acnes, respectively. The antibacterial activities of the cLMPC and DPC films were not significantly different from a commercial clindamycin solution. The results of this study suggest that mango peel pectin can be de-esterified and utilized as an LMP and the de-esterified pectin has the potential for use as a film forming agent, similar to cLMP. In addition, the remarkable use of de-esterified mango peel pectin to prepare films, as shown by our study, holds a great promise as an alternative material for anti-bacterial purposes.

ACS Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Nutthapong Kantrong; Pensak Jantrawut. Preparation of Clindamycin Hydrochloride Loaded De-Esterified Low-Methoxyl Mango Peel Pectin Film Used as a Topical Drug Delivery System. Polymers 2020, 12, 1006 .

AMA Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Nutthapong Kantrong, Pensak Jantrawut. Preparation of Clindamycin Hydrochloride Loaded De-Esterified Low-Methoxyl Mango Peel Pectin Film Used as a Topical Drug Delivery System. Polymers. 2020; 12 (5):1006.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Nutthapong Kantrong; Pensak Jantrawut. 2020. "Preparation of Clindamycin Hydrochloride Loaded De-Esterified Low-Methoxyl Mango Peel Pectin Film Used as a Topical Drug Delivery System." Polymers 12, no. 5: 1006.

Journal article
Published: 28 February 2020 in Processes
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Centella asiatica has been included in Thai traditional medicinal plants and recipes, as a well-established historical use as a vegetable and tonic. However, when applied in modern formulations, the progressive degradation of the plant pigments occurs, causing color-fading and color variation in the products. Depigmentation of the comminuted sample using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) fluid extraction with a cosolvent was introduced as a pretreatment to solve the color-fading problem. The contents of compounds with known biological activities and the wound healing activities (antioxidant screening by DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activities; cell migration assay; matrix metallopeptidase [MMP]-2 inhibition on human skin fibroblast; endothelial cell tube formation assay) of the C. asiatica leaf extracts obtained by conventional ethanolic extraction (CV) and pretreatment using scCO2 extraction, were determined. Total triterpenoids (madecassoside, asiaticoside B, asiaticoside, madecassic acid, terminolic acid and asiatic acid) and total triterpenoid glucosides (madecassoside, asiaticoside B and asiaticoside) were notably more abundant in the extract that had been pretreated using scCO2 than the extract obtained by CV. Moreover, the scCO2 pretreatment not only caused greater relative MMP-2 inhibition (58.48 ± 7.50% of the control), but also exhibited a higher cell migration (59.83 ± 1.85% of the initial) and number of vessels (18.25 ± 4.58) of angiogenesis in the wound healing process. Additionally, positive correlations were observed between the DPPH antioxidant activity and madecassoside content (r = 0.914, p < 0.01), as well as between the cell migration activity and asiaticoside content (r = 0.854, p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the scCO2 pretreatment of C. asiatica can eliminate color pigments from the extract and improve its in vitro wound healing activity.

ACS Style

Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Chiranan Khantham; Korawan Sringarm; Sarana Sommano; Pensak Jantrawut. Depigmented Centella asiatica Extraction by Pretreated with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid for Wound Healing Application. Processes 2020, 8, 277 .

AMA Style

Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Chiranan Khantham, Korawan Sringarm, Sarana Sommano, Pensak Jantrawut. Depigmented Centella asiatica Extraction by Pretreated with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid for Wound Healing Application. Processes. 2020; 8 (3):277.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Chiranan Khantham; Korawan Sringarm; Sarana Sommano; Pensak Jantrawut. 2020. "Depigmented Centella asiatica Extraction by Pretreated with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid for Wound Healing Application." Processes 8, no. 3: 277.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2019 in Food Hydrocolloids
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Pectin from mango peel (MP) was extracted and studied by analytical and physicochemical methods in comparison to low methoxyl pectin (LMP). The results revealed that MP contained 68% galacturonic acid, and its degree of esterification determined by titration and 1H NMR were 76% and 79%, respectively. For water sorption kinetics, LMP exhibited higher adsorption capacity than MP, as shown by the Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer model. Both pectin types displayed Brunauer type II adsorption behavior. Thin films were then produced from the extracted MP and characterized. The thin film fabricated from LMP and MP at 1:2 ratio with 40% (w/w) glycerol attained the highest elongation at break (8.80%) and lowest Young's modulus (83.19 MPa). When the MP ratio was increased, the water contact angle of the films tended to increase due to the increased hydrophobicity. Overall, this study found that mango peel waste can be used as a source of pectin and this pectin can be regarded as a potential biopolymer for film formulation as drug delivery systems or edible film for food packaging.

ACS Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Supuksorn Masavang; Joaquim Mahe; Sarana Sommano; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Claire-Hélène Brachais; Odile Chambin; Pensak Jantrawut. Mango (cv. Nam Dokmai) peel as a source of pectin and its potential use as a film-forming polymer. Food Hydrocolloids 2019, 102, 105611 .

AMA Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit, Supuksorn Masavang, Joaquim Mahe, Sarana Sommano, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, Claire-Hélène Brachais, Odile Chambin, Pensak Jantrawut. Mango (cv. Nam Dokmai) peel as a source of pectin and its potential use as a film-forming polymer. Food Hydrocolloids. 2019; 102 ():105611.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tanpong Chaiwarit; Supuksorn Masavang; Joaquim Mahe; Sarana Sommano; Warintorn Ruksiriwanich; Claire-Hélène Brachais; Odile Chambin; Pensak Jantrawut. 2019. "Mango (cv. Nam Dokmai) peel as a source of pectin and its potential use as a film-forming polymer." Food Hydrocolloids 102, no. : 105611.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2019 in Processes
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The purpose of this study was to mask the bitter taste of nizatidine (NZD) using cation-exchange resins. Amberlite IRP-69 and Dowex-50 containing cross-linked polystyrene backbones were used. The drug resin complexes were prepared by batch process using drug: resin ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5. The optimum drug: resin ratio and the time required for maximum percentage drug loading into the complexes were determined. The selected drug-resin complexes were evaluated for morphology, drug release, and taste. The NZD-Dowex complex was obtained at a drug: resin ratio of 1:5 using a stirring time of 1 h in order to get 100% loading of NZD. The NZD-Dowex complex had a spherical shape and smooth texture similar to Dowex resin. The NZD-Dowex complex with a ratio of 1:5 showed that in vitro drug release of 4.27% at 5 min in simulated salivary fluid of pH 6.8 and 99.67% at 1 h in simulated gastric fluid of pH 1.2. NZD’s bitter taste was effectively masked when it formed a complex with Dowex at a ratio of 1:5. This was proved by an electronic tongue and human test panel.

ACS Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Kasidech Boonsermsukcharoen; Kyu-Mok Hwang; Eun-Seok Park; Pensak Jantrawut. Taste Masking of Nizatidine Using Ion-Exchange Resins. Processes 2019, 7, 779 .

AMA Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa, Kasidech Boonsermsukcharoen, Kyu-Mok Hwang, Eun-Seok Park, Pensak Jantrawut. Taste Masking of Nizatidine Using Ion-Exchange Resins. Processes. 2019; 7 (11):779.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pattaraporn Panraksa; Kasidech Boonsermsukcharoen; Kyu-Mok Hwang; Eun-Seok Park; Pensak Jantrawut. 2019. "Taste Masking of Nizatidine Using Ion-Exchange Resins." Processes 7, no. 11: 779.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2019 in Polymers
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Thermoplastic starch (TPS) was prepared by melt-mixing cassava starch with glycerol. Polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted-maleic anhydride (PE-MAH) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) solutions at 2% (w/v) were used to coat TPS using the dip coating process. The tensile strength of TPS increased with the dip coating solution technique, especially for PLA coating. Swelling index, water-soluble matter and water droplet contact angle confirmed the water resistant improvement of TPS by PE-MAH and the PLA dip coating solution. Plasticizer bleeding was found in uncoated TPS after storage, but not in the coated TPS. Coating TPS with PE-MAH and PLA improved the tensile properties, water resistance and conquered plasticizer bleeding problems in TPS.

ACS Style

Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Nattagarn Homsaard; Phanurot Phengchan; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Noppol Leksawasdi; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Charin Techapun; Pensak Jantrawut. Effect of Dip Coating Polymer Solutions on Properties of Thermoplastic Cassava Starch. Polymers 2019, 11, 1746 .

AMA Style

Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Nattagarn Homsaard, Phanurot Phengchan, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Noppol Leksawasdi, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Charin Techapun, Pensak Jantrawut. Effect of Dip Coating Polymer Solutions on Properties of Thermoplastic Cassava Starch. Polymers. 2019; 11 (11):1746.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kittisak Jantanasakulwong; Nattagarn Homsaard; Phanurot Phengchan; Pornchai Rachtanapun; Noppol Leksawasdi; Yuthana Phimolsiripol; Charin Techapun; Pensak Jantrawut. 2019. "Effect of Dip Coating Polymer Solutions on Properties of Thermoplastic Cassava Starch." Polymers 11, no. 11: 1746.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2019 in Materials
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In this study, hydrogel films composed of low methoxyl pectin (LMP), gelatin, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were fabricated. Glycerin was used as a plasticizer while glutaraldehyde (Glu) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) were used as crosslinking agents in film preparation. Hydrogel films were morphologically characterized and evaluated for mechanical properties. In addition, the investigations for fluid uptake ability, water retention capacity, water vapor transmission rate, and integrity value of the invented films were performed. The results showed that F-Glu-Ca-G30 film demonstrated superior properties when compared to other prepared films. It demonstrated a high percentage of elongation at break (32.80%), fluid uptake ability (88.45% at 2 h), water retention capacity (81.70% at 2 h), water vapor transmission rate (1889 g/m2/day), and integrity value (86.42%). F-Glu-Ca-G30 film was subsequently selected for 10% w/w povidone iodine (PI) loading and tested for anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity using an agar diffusion assay. Notably, F-Glu-Ca-G30-PI film demonstrated a dramatic ability to inhibit microbial growth, when compared to both a blank film and iodine solution control. Our LMP/gelatin/CMC hydrogel film promises to be an effective dressing material with high fluid absorption capacity, fluid holding ability, and water vapor transmission rate. Incorporation of antibiotics such as povidone iodine into the films conferred its antimicrobial property thereby highlighting its potential dermatological use. However, further clinical studies of the application of this hydrogel film as wound dressing material is recommended.

ACS Style

Pensak Jantrawut; Juthamart Bunrueangtha; Juthamart Suerthong; Nutthapong Kantrong. Fabrication and Characterization of Low Methoxyl Pectin/Gelatin/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Absorbent Hydrogel Film for Wound Dressing Applications. Materials 2019, 12, 1628 .

AMA Style

Pensak Jantrawut, Juthamart Bunrueangtha, Juthamart Suerthong, Nutthapong Kantrong. Fabrication and Characterization of Low Methoxyl Pectin/Gelatin/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Absorbent Hydrogel Film for Wound Dressing Applications. Materials. 2019; 12 (10):1628.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pensak Jantrawut; Juthamart Bunrueangtha; Juthamart Suerthong; Nutthapong Kantrong. 2019. "Fabrication and Characterization of Low Methoxyl Pectin/Gelatin/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Absorbent Hydrogel Film for Wound Dressing Applications." Materials 12, no. 10: 1628.