Cystoliths are an uncommon manifestation of urolithiasis. They are typically observed in male patients who are over the age of 45. A giant bladder calculus is a stone that is greater than 4 cm in diameter and weighs more than 100 g. We report the case of a 43- year-old female who was admitted to the urology department with dysuria, lower abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and microscopic hematuria. Mild tenderness in the suprapubic region was noted during the patient's physical examination. A hyperdense image measuring 7.2 x 6.4 cm was revealed during an abdominal CT scan, which confirmed the diagnosis. A 280 g stone, measuring 9 x 8 x 4 cm, was extracted through open cystolithotomy. In the female population, bladder calculus formation is uncommon. The standard treatment is open cystolithotomy, and computed tomography is a valuable tool for confirming the diagnosis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent cancer types in Mexico. The primary method used as a treatment is surgical resection. The role of surgery in increasing survival is controversial. This study aimed to determine whether surgical resection increases the survival of patients with GC in a Mexican population. Methods: A systematic review of literature searches (Evidence-based MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SciELO) and meta-analysis were performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis criteria. The published articles from 2000 to the current time were divided into cross-sectional and randomized studies. The inclusion criteria were survival, surgical resections, patients treated in Mexico, and primary GC. The effect estimation was calculated using the risk ratio (RR). The random-effects model and a confidence interval (CI) of 95% were used. Results: The RR of the pooled studies was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.71–1.67). RR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.63–1.07) was obtained in cross-sectional studies, and randomized studies showed a RR of 2.08 (95% CI, 0.25–17.07). Conclusion: This work is the first systematic study that assesses the role of surgery on the survival of patients with GC in the Mexican population, the results showed that surgical resection did not improve survival in patients with GC.

Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of mechanical bowel obstruction resulting from a gallstone migrating into the gastrointestinal tract through a biliodigestive fistula. It mostcommonly affects the distal ileum and is more prevalent in elderly patients. We present the case of a 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension who was admitted with vomiting and abdominal distension for 72 hours. CT imaging revealed pneumobilia, intestinal obstruction, and an ectopic gallstone, consistent with Rigler’s triad. The gallstone, measuring 3 × 2 cm, was located 130 cm distal to the Treitz ligament. The patient underwent an emergency exploratory laparotomy with enterolithotomy, successfully removing the gallstone. Postoperatively, the patient recovered uneventfully, with complete resolution of symptoms. Gallstone ileus should be considered in elderly patients with intestinal obstruction, and early diagnosis using CT imaging is crucial for guiding treatment. Enterolithotomy remains the preferred surgical intervention with favorable outcomes in most cases

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major global health burden, potentially leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have improved treatment outcomes, achieving high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates. However, real-world evidence from Mexico remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate DAA effectiveness in Mexican patients with chronic HCV infection and compare outcomes according to cirrhosis status. A retrospective, multicenter cohort study was conducted across five public healthcare institutions in Mexico. We included 253 patients who received DAA therapy. The primary outcome was SVR, defined as undetectable HCV RNA after treatment. Clinical, demographic, and treatment-related variables were analyzed, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Overall, SVR was achieved in 94.5% of patients. Among those with cirrhosis (54.1%), the SVR rate was 95.6%, compared with 93.1% among those without cirrhosis (p = 0.536). Patients with cirrhosis were older and had longer treatment durations, while baseline viral load and genotype distribution were comparable. Treatment completion was high (94.1%), with low discontinuation rates and no significant differences by cirrhosis status. DAAs were highly effective in Mexican patients with chronic HCV infection, regardless of cirrhosis status. Expanding access to diagnosis and treatment is essential to reduce disease burden and achieve hepatitis C elimination goals.

Mpox (monkeypox) is a zoonotic disease that has been endemic in African countries for decades, with a recent outbreak in several countries around the world. A 39-year-old male with HIV-HBV coinfection and poor adherence to antiretroviral treatment, who was severely immunocompromised and had a concurrent diagnosis of Mpox infection, presented to our hospital with disseminated dermatosis (over 350 lesions), perianal ulcers, odynophagia, oral intolerance, diarrhea, and soft-tissue bacterial superinfection of the lower extremities. Laboratory results were consistent with HBV infection, with an absolute CD4 cell count of 40 cells/uL and a positive PCR result for Mpox. An abdominopelvic CT scan showed evidence of severe proctitis and perineal soft-tissue infection. After 65 days of Mpox PCR, new lesions in the vesicular stage continued to appear, eventually developing hemodynamic instability and sepsis, resulting in a fatal outcome. Our case highlights the importance of intentionally looking for risk factors such as HIV/HBV coinfection and evaluating immune status (CD4 cell count) in patients with severe Mpox infection because it could be related to higher mortality.