Purpose: Despite the theoretical advancements of market orientation and firm performance, there is a paucity of research regarding SMEs in Indonesia. Customer and competitor orientation were examined as two distinct constructs as per the literature, as it has been questioned for its robustness. They have been used synonymously, even though customer orientation is operationalised as a component of a market orientation construct. There is support for the argument from a theoretical point of view to keep customer orientation and competitor orientation separate. The objective of this research was to empirically test market orientation concepts on firm performance and assessing customer and competitor orientation separately. Furthermore, it also tests whether innovation plays a mediating role.Design/methodology/approach: A sample of 309 small and medium-sized firms was found eligible for this study. Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data. A multi-industry sample of firms was used to strengthen the generalisability of the results. The sample was acquired from two databases of SMEs directory in Kudus and Pati, East Java Indonesia, participants were randomly selected.Findings: The findings show that innovation mediates the relationship between competitor orientation and firm performance, while competitor orientation had no significant relationship with firm performance. Customer orientation was found to positively influence firm performance.Originality/value: The role of innovation as a mediator within SMEs in a developing country opens up avenues for further research among other developing countries. By examining both the concepts of customer and competitor orientation separately and establishing relationships, we validate support for this argument both from a methodological and theoretical point of view.

The agro-industry plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. However, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in this industry face various challenges to be competitive, one of which is the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) agreement. The study aims to develop a model for the agro-industry Micro-Small Medium Enterprises to face the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) using entrepreneurial marketing approaches. This research was conducted at three centers of agro-based industry clusters in Indonesia. The respondents were business actors representing the leading Micro-Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the fruit-processing industry cluster, fish processing industry cluster and milk processing industry cluster. Primary data collection was conducted through structured interviews using close ended questionnaires. This study used Structural Equation Modelling analysis with a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach to develop a model of enhancement for the agro-industry clusters in dealing with AEC. The findings suggest that the entrepreneurial marketing has significant impact in increasing business development and business competitiveness. The MSMEs possessing great competitiveness would be more ready to penetrate their business into other ASEAN markets. In addition, supportive government policies that encourage and improve innovativeness can significantly increase the entrepreneurial marketing ability.

Charities are in constant need to raise funds and thereby solicit donations through requesting the public and corporate enterprises. The satisfaction of a brand image by public or corporate enterprises can be highly motivating for raising funds. The main objective of this research is to identify a charity’s brand image and its relationship to trust, commitment, and emotions which are not only critically important for enhancing the charity’s image but also leveraging motivation for donorship. It examines participants and their influence on image, trust, commitment, and emotions toward a religious or faith-based charity. Structural Equation Modeling and multigroup analysis are used to examine the results. It shows that Faith-based charity’s image has a positive association with many of the antecedents. The charity’s brand image didn’t influence emotions directly but indirectly through commitment. Multigroup analysis shows there were some differences noted between the group frequency of religious dedication. The study makes two broad contributions, first, the research broadens the theoretical framework of the brand image regarding religious or faith-based charities by demonstrating how trust, commitment, and emotions influence their image and motivation to donate. Secondly, it enhances the understanding of the diversity of trust and its broader impact on the dedication of religious group participation. By differentiating between the marketing image and brand image, the research provides suggestions for improving the charity’s brand image.

This paper examines the international education market and Australia’s significant and growing involvement. Whilst much research has been carried out, it is less common for this research to be undertaken from the perspective of those who have yet to make the decision to study abroad. This study examines Indonesia, which was once a prominent source country for Australian international students. Student intention to study in Australia is examined through the Theory of Planned Behavior. Both qualitative and quantitative studies identify several factors influencing students’ study intentions. Significantly, this study explores the concept that cultural ethnicities may be a better indicator of student intention, than the commonly held demarcation of political boundaries. Using Indonesia as an example, it is shown that country alone may not always be the best indicator of a homogeneous unit that demonstrates similar homogenous cultural traits. This has implications for all marketers of international education.