Palabras clave depresión; quechua; pueblos originarios; kichua; quichua

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the research areas with the largest numbers of publications, the most influential researchers, and research trends in Peruvian Universities. Methodology: A bibliometric analysis was conducted from the Scopus database by retrieving a total of 29,935 documents between 2008 and 2021. Findings: The study analyzed the scientific production of 93 accredited universities in Peru between 2008 and 2021, retrieved 29,935 documents, and observed an annual growth rate of 15% before Law 30,220, and 28% after. Medicine, social sciences, and engineering are the subject areas with the most publications. The study also found that Peruvian universities have contributed to 27 research areas. Peru, the United States, and Brazil were the top countries in collaboration. The study also illustrated the intellectual and conceptual structure of scientific production, with the greatest relevance in medicine and health.

Background Mental health data from Latin America and the Caribbean countries (LACC) national and international surveys are essential for public health surveillance. This review aimed to identify and describe available mental health survey data in LACC, providing access details for researchers. Methods Our study was a scoping review. The search for available mental health survey data was conducted in PubMed and through grey literature searches, and the search dates were between 26 August 2021 and 15 October 2021. Included survey data were/had (1) nationally representative, (2) the latest version available from 2012 onward, (3) collected in at least one LACC and (4) at least one mental health variable or related factor. We accepted all written languages, including Spanish and English. Results A total of 56 national and 13 international surveys were included, with data available on 95 mental health variables classified into 10 categories. Most national surveys were performed in upper-middle-income countries. Variables categorised as ‘Substance use’ and ‘Violence’ were the most frequent. Mexico and Colombia had the highest production in both the national and international surveys. The main target population was the adult population. However, there are several mental health topics and LACC yet unsurveyed. Conclusion We identified a total of 69 representative surveys from LACCs since 2012. We categorised the available data on mental health variables into 10 categories, and provided technical details to facilitate the future selection and use of these surveys.

Objetivos. Describir la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CdV) de migrantes venezolanos que residen en las ciudades de Chimbote y Nuevo Chimbote en Perú y evaluar sus factores asociados. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal en 212 migrantes venezolanos reclutados por muestreo tipo bola de nieve. La CdV fue evaluada con el European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions en tres niveles (EQ-5D-3L). Los resultados fueron presentados descriptivamente. Para evaluar los factores asociados a CdV se emplearon regresiones lineales y regresiones ajustadas de Poisson. Resultados. El porcentaje de participantes afectados en cada dimensión de CdV fue: movilidad (1,4%), autocuidado (0,5%), actividades cotidianas (2,4%), dolor/malestar (18,4%) y ansiedad/depresión (68,9%). En cuanto a la Escala Visual Análoga (EVA) de CdV, la mediana del puntaje fue 85 (RIC: 70 a 90). Al evaluar los factores asociados, se encontró que ninguno de los factores evaluados se asoció al puntaje en la EVA o a presentar dolor/malestar. Sin embargo, la frecuencia de presentar ansiedad/depresión fue mayor en aquellos con grado de instrucción superior universitario en comparación con aquellos con estudios de secundaria (Razón de prevalencias ajustada 1,28; IC 95%: 1,03 a 1,60). Conclusiones. Los migrantes venezolanos que participaron del estudio reportaron problemas en su CdV, más de dos terceras partes reportaron ansiedad/depresión, y uno de cada seis presentó dolor/malestar. La frecuencia de presentar ansiedad/depresión fue mayor en aquellos con instrucción universitaria.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, studies have reported an increase in sleep problems and problematic use of social media platforms such as Facebook among university students. This study assessed Facebook addiction and sleep problems among Peruvian university students following the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the factors associated with these issues. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 352 participants from different regions of Peru. The Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS-4) and the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) were used to assess sleep problems and Facebook addiction, respectively. Prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated using a simple Poisson regression with robust variance. The study found that 16.2 % of the participants were addicted to Facebook and 12.5 % reported sleep problems. The results also showed that older age (PR: 0.99; 95 % CI: 0.98–0.99) and physical activity (PR: 0.81; 95 % CI: 0.70–0.94) were associated with a lower likelihood of having sleep problems, while being physically active (PR: 0.55; 95 % CI: 0.33 to 0.90) was associated with a lower probability of having Facebook addiction problems. The Peruvian university students who participated in this study reported sleep problems in one-eighth of the sample, and one in six university students reported Facebook addiction problems. The frequency of presenting Facebook addiction and sleep problems was lower in those with older age and engaging in physical activity.

Objective: To assess the internal structure, measurement invariance, criterion validity and reliability of the CASM-85 in Peruvian high school students. Materials and methods: Two thousand seventy-five (2075) students of both sexes, aged 11 to 18 years, from public and private high schools of Arequipa, Chimbote, Lima and Pucallpa were evaluated. An item-item and item-rest correlation analysis for each dimension of the CASM- 85, a confirmatory factorial analysis and MIMIC (Multiple Indicator, Multiple Cause) models were used to evaluate the measurement invariance across the groups according to their sex, age, school and city. Reliability was estimated using alpha and omega coefficients. The criterion validity between the CASM-85 and academic performance was determined using Pearson’s r and regression models. Results: The heterogeneous items were removed, obtaining a 45-item short form compared to the original 53-item form. In the original form, CFI and TLI were < .9 in all the cities, whereas in the short form, CFI and TLI were < .9 only in Chimbote. SRMR and RMSEA were ≤ .10 and ≤ .09 in the original and short forms, respectively. The MIMIC models confirmed the measurement invariance in all variables, with the exception of the original form between cities (|ΔCFI| = .09, |ΔTLI| = .08). Reliability was moderate for both the original (Ω ≥ .68; α ≥ .81) and short forms (Ω ≥ .77; α ≥ .84). Pearson’s r showed a positive and weak correlation in the original (r = .17, p < .001) and short (r = .18, p < .001) forms. Conclusion: The CASM-85 short form (45 items) has shown better psychometric properties than its original full form. Objetivo: evaluar la estructura interna, invarianza de medida, validez de criterio y confiabilidad del CASM-85 en estudiantes de secundaria peruanos. Materiales y Métodos: se evaluaron 2075 estudiantes de ambos sexos, entre 11 y 18 años, provenientes de colegios nacionales y particulares de Arequipa, Chimbote, Lima y Pucallpa. Se realizó un análisis de la correlación ítem-ítem e ítemresto para cada dimensión del CASM-85, un análisis factorial confirmatorio y modelos MIMIC (Multiple Indicator, Multiple Cause) para evaluar la invarianza de medida a través de grupos según sexo, edad, colegio y ciudad. La confiabilidad fue estimada mediante los coeficientes Alpha y Omega. La validez de criterio entre el CASM-85 y el rendimiento académico se revisó a través de la r de Pearson y modelos de regresión. Resultados: se eliminaron ítems heterogéneos y se obtuvo una forma reducida de 45 ítems a compararse con su original de 53 ítems. Para la forma original el CFI y TLI fue < .9 en todas las ciudades, mientras que para la forma reducida fue < . 9 solo en Chimbote. Los SRMR y RMSEA fueron ≤ .10 y ≤ .09 para las formas original y reducida respectivamente. Los modelos MIMIC confirmaron invarianza para todas las variables excepto para la variable ciudad con la forma original (|ΔCFI| = .09, |ΔTLI| = .08). La confiabilidad fue moderada tanto para la forma original (Ω ≥ .68; α ≥ .81) como para la reducida (Ω ≥ .77; α ≥ .84). La r de Pearson mostró una relación positiva y de fuerza débil para la forma original (r = .17; p < .001) y reducida (r = .18; p < .001). Conclusión: la forma reducida del CASM-85 (45 ítems) ha mostrado mejores propiedades psicométricas que su forma original. Objetivo: avaliar a estrutura interna, invariância da medida, validade de critério e confiabilidade do CASM-85 em estudantes do ensino médio peruano. Materiais e Métodos: Foram avaliados 2075 estudantes de ambos os sexos, entre 11 e 18 anos, de escolas nacionais e privadas de Arequipa, Chimbote, Lima e Pucallpa. Foi realizada uma análise do item-item e correlação entre itens para cada dimensão do CASM-85, uma análise fatorial confirmatória e modelos MIMIC (Indicador Múltiplo, Causa Múltipla) para avaliar a invariância da medida nos grupos de acordo com sexo, idade, escola e cidade A confiabilidade foi estimada usando os coeficientes Alpha e Omega. A validade dos critérios entre o CASM-85 e o desempenho acadêmico foi revisada pelos modelos re e regressão de Pearson. Resultados: itens heterogêneos foram eliminados e uma forma reduzida de 45 itens foi obtida para ser comparada com seus 53 itens originais. Para a forma original, o CFI e o TLI foram <0,9 em todas as cidades, enquanto para a forma reduzida foram <. 9 apenas em Chimbote. O SRMR e o RMSEA foram ≤ .10 e ≤ .09 para as formas original e reduzida, respectivamente. Os modelos MIMIC confirmaram invariância para todas as variáveis, exceto para a variável city com a forma original (| ΔCFI | = .09, | ΔTLI | = .08). A confiabilidade foi moderada para a forma original (Ω ≥ 0,68; α ≥ 0,81) e para a forma reduzida (Ω ≥ 0,77; α ≥ 0,84). O r de Pearson mostrou uma relação de força positiva e fraca para a forma original (r = 0,17; p <0,001) e reduzida (r = 0,18; p <0,001). Conclusão: a forma reduzida do CASM-85 (45 itens) mostrou melhores propriedades psicométricas do que sua forma original.