This paper presents a new approach to optimizing route selection in urban road networks with sparsely placed traffic counters. By leveraging graph theory and Dijkstra’s algorithm, we propose a new method to determine the shortest path between origins and destinations in city traffic networks with sparsely placed counters. The method is based on the similarities between traffic flows recorded at the counter and the streets that generate traffic for a given counter. The advantage of this method is the use of a secondary counter function to obtain data that are built into the shortest path determination model and the free choice of the time of day for which the path is searched. The proposed method is implemented using the programming language AutoLISP 2022 and program AutoCAD 2022, providing a valuable tool for transportation engineers and urban planners. This paper presents a model of the shortest path that integrates one-way streets, the average speed of the car, as well as the delay time at traffic-lighted and non-traffic intersections. The model was applied to the traffic network of the city of Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina), but there are no restrictions for application to any network equipped with traffic counters. The obtained results show a high agreement with the Google Maps service as a reference system.

This paper presents a laboratory study on the physical properties of mortar incorporating expanded vermiculite. The basic cement-lime mortar matrix remained unchanged, while the proportions of vermiculite were varied at 10%, 20%, and 30%. The research results demonstrated a significant improvement in physical properties, including compressive and flexural strength, as well as the static modulus of elasticity. This study establishes relationships between these properties and examines the impact of expanded vermiculite on characteristics such as air void content, capillary suction of hardened mortar, total porosity (according to SIA 262, Appendix A), gas and air permeability, and capillary water absorption. Additionally, the water permeability of the mortar was tested, along with its internal resistance to freeze-thaw cycles, up to 200 cycles. The findings of this laboratory research contribute to filling an existing scientific gap, demonstrating that the physical properties of mortar with the addition of expanded vermiculite at 10%, 20%, and 30% are significantly improved compared to mortar without vermiculite.

The term "Durmitor flysch" was first introduced into the geological literature in 1948 by [1].. Under this term, he refers to a powerful geological formation, formed at the transition from the Upper Cretaceous to the Paleogene. Its distribution begins from the northern Albanian table and the so-called Cukali zone in the south, through the central part of Montenegro and northeastern Herzegovina, and extends to central Bosnia and Mount Vlašić [1]. It is named after the highly noticeable and extensive development of the southwest slopes of Mount Durmitor, while the best gradation of this formation and all modern geodynamic processes can be most clearly observed in the area of the Čemerno mountain pass in northeastern Herzegovina. The specific characteristics of this part of the Durmitor flysch complex will be the subject of this paper.

The Sarajevo depression and its surrounding area, from a hydrogeological perspective, represent an exceptionally complex system. In an area that was subjected to intense tectonic processes in geological history, due to the activity of specific climatic and hydrological conditions, a series of exogenous processes were activated, which, in morphological terms, reshaped this area and, consequently, influenced its hydrogeological properties. The area can be divided into two main units: the intensely folded and fractured mountainous region of the periphery and the Sarajevo field area, or the Sarajevo depression itself. The aim of this paper is to highlight the specific hydrogeological properties of the terrain, the particularities of individual blocks of the mountainous periphery, and the hydrogeological characteristics of the Sarajevo field area. The periphery of the Sarajevo depression is composed of powerful, predominantly limestone-dolomite deposits, which serve as hydrogeological conductors, and the underlying deposits of Lower Triassic age, known as the Sarajevo sands, which act as hydrogeological insulators. The key factors influencing the hydrogeological properties of the terrain include: hydrological conditions, terrain morphology, lithological composition, and structural characteristics. The aim of this paper is to present the most significant results of the mentioned research and to frame them into a unified whole, in order to provide a clear understanding of the hydrogeological properties of the terrain in the immediate surroundings of Sarajevo.

The position of primary and secondary (stratification surfaces and fractures) discontinuities in relation to the tunnel route significantly affects the stability of the tunnel excavation. Primary discontinuities represent interlayer surfaces or stratification surfaces that formed during the period of rock formation itself, while secondary discontinuities represent fractures, i.e., discontinuities that formed after the sedimentation process was completed and are associated with tectonic activities. In addition to existing discontinuities, groundwater can also affect the stability of the tunnel excavation.

Steel structures subjected to earthquakes or extreme cyclic loadings may undergo extensive damage and fractures due to ultra-low-cycle fatigue (ULCF). Although assessments of damage initiation and evolution parameters have been carried out for some steels exposed to low-cycle fatigue, so far, these parameters for structural steels exposed to ULCF have neither been sufficiently studied nor quantified. Accordingly, this paper provides the results of finite element analysis (FEA) concerning the ULCF behaviors of S355 and S690 steel specimens. Calibration of the damage parameters is performed in SIMULIA Abaqus 6.11 FEA software using a direct cyclic algorithm and available experimental data. Kliman’s model for the hysteresis energy of cyclic loading is used to analytically verify the damage parameters. In addition, available experimental data were obtained from cyclic axial strain tests on S355 and S690 steel specimens according to the ASTM International standard E606/E606M-21. Finally, the non-linear Chaboche–Lemaitre (C–L) combined isotropic–kinematic hardening model is used for the characterization of the ULCF behavior of S355 steel in a simple cylindrical bar. It is found that the two damage initiation parameters are 5.0 and −0.8, the first damage initiation parameter is dominant when modeling the number of cycles to failure, and the second damage initiation parameter is a material constant.