The cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. contains considerable amounts of protein, iron, and calcium that could mitigate the problems of anemia and malnutrition in humans. However, the nutritional value of the edible species Nostoc sphaericum Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault, which grows in the Moquegua region, is unknown. Descriptive research was developed, and samples were obtained from the community of Aruntaya, located in the region of Moquegua. Water samples were taken at two different points (spring and reservoir), and samples of the cyanobacteria were taken in the reservoir. The design used was completely randomized, with three repetitions. Sixteen characteristics associated with the water collected at two points were evaluated, and from the nutritional point of view, seven characteristics were evaluated in the collected algae. The physicochemical characteristics were determined using methods established in the Codex Alimentarius. For the morphological characterization at the macroscopic level, it was observed that the seaweed collected was spherical in shape, grayish-green in color, soft to the touch, and palatable. After carrying out the physicochemical and morphological characterization of the collected samples, it was verified that all were of N. sphaericum. When comparing the sixteen characteristics related to water at the two collection sites, highly significant differences (p < 0.01) were observed for most of the variables evaluated. The average data of the characteristics of the algae showed protein values of 28.18 ± 0.33%, carbohydrates of 62.07 ± 0.69%, fat of 0.71 ± 0.02%, fiber of 0.91 ± 0.02%, ash of 7.68 ± 0.10%, and moisture of 0.22 ± 0.01%. Likewise, calcium reported an average value of 377.80 ± 1.43 mg/100 g and iron of 4.76 ± 0.08 mg/100 g. High correlations (positive and negative) were obtained by evaluating seven characteristics associated with the reservoir water where the algae grew in relation to eight nutritional characteristics of the algae. In relation to the nutritional value, the amounts of protein, iron, and calcium exceed the main foods of daily intake. Therefore, it could be considered a nutritious food to combat anemia and malnutrition.

Obtaining viable Argopecten purpuratus seeds faces challenges, especiallyci the unpredictability of the marine environment and high production costs in hatcheries. However, improving the method of "Broodstock Conditioning In Hatcheries" is key to ensure permanent seed supplies by minimizing the dependence on marine conditions and by maximizing economic viability in hatcheries. In an effort to overcome these barriers, broodstock were conditioned into two different environments: (a) Natural Environment: Natural marine conditions located in Bahía Inglesa, Atacama Region, Chile. (b) Hatchery: Laboratory conditions to achieve gonadal maturation, spawning induction, fertilization and larval development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate how the type of reproductive conditioning affects the reproductive potential and nutritional quality of the progeny. Both methods were successful at inducing the necessary maturity for reproduction, obtaining viable gametes and larvae. On the other hand, it was observed that in the natural environment, the oocytes and D larvae reached a greater size and nutritional value, being the most significant differences with (p < 0.05): the size of the D larvae reached figures of 95.8 ± 3.1 $\mathsf{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ and 91.2 ± 2.7 $\mathsf{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ in the environment and hatchery, respectively; the lipid content in dry mass was 25.2 ± 3.1 mg g${}^{-1}$ and 13.5 ± 1.9 mg g${}^{-1}$ for the natural environment and hatchery, respectively. Although quality indicators in hatcheries were slightly lower compared to the natural environment, the possibility of conditioning A. purpuratus broodstock independently of environmental variability highlights the importance of further optimizing broodstock conditioning aspects in hatcheries that would allow more predictable and sustainable production.

Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterial consortia are an alternative to the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers that affect the environment, fix atmospheric nitrogen, and can therefore be used as plant growth promoters, synthesize various substances such as auxins, vitamins, and total proteins, and fix atmospheric biofertilizers and soil conditioners. The present study aimed to obtain and develop, by biotechnological means, two consortia of cyanobacteria isolated from the root and rhizosphere of Carica papaya grown in sandy loam soil. The culture was carried out in Blue Green Medium without modified nitrogen (BG11₀), with aeration of 0.32 L min⁻¹, at a light intensity of 48.83 μEm⁻²s⁻¹, and a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C. Two consortia consisting of Nostoc commune, Aphanothece minutissima, Planktothrix sp. (C1), Nostoc commune, Calothrix sp., and Aphanothece minutissima (C2) were isolated and morphologically identified. The effective development of these consortia was verified at the laboratory level by obtaining biomass in dry weight as well as photosynthetic pigments, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Germination parameters were determined in seeds of Cucumis sativus L. var. Market plus treated with the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria consortia, obtaining a higher germination percentage (>90%), greater root length (>6 cm), and higher vigour index I (513), II (13.02) for the C2 consortium. This broadens the spectrum of rhizosphere-derived microorganisms with potential as growth biostimulators.

Se evaluó la inclusión de ensilado biológico de intestinos y sangre de pollo en el alimento para tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, sustituyendo el 80% del contenido proteico de la harina de pescado. Los ensilados se elaboraron con 70% de residuos, 15% de fuente energética (14% melaza y 1% azúcar) y 15% de yogur (bacterias lácticas). Se determinó el pH y acidez durante 180 días y se hizo el análisis químico empleando métodos estándares. La dieta base se formuló con la ecuación de mínimo costo, además de considerar los requerimientos nutricionales para tilapia, los niveles de inclusión y el costo de los insumos. Se empleó una dieta control y dos dietas con ensilados. Se distribuyó aleatoriamente a 270 alevinos revertidos con un peso inicial de 5.17±0.18 g en nueve acuarios (3 por dieta). Los peces fueron alimentados tres veces al día y evaluados mensualmente. Se encontró diferencia significativa (p0.05). El costo para producir 1 kg de tilapia fue menor en la dieta con ensilado de intestinos (USD 1.16), seguido por el ensilado de sangre (USD 1.20), significando una reducción en los costos de alimentación de 29.26 y 26.48%, respectivamente.

Background: Monkeypox (Mpox) is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). Transmission occurs primarily through direct contact with lesions or contaminated materials, with sexual transmission playing a significant role in recent outbreaks. In 2022, Mpox triggered a major global outbreak and was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO), prompting renewed interest in effective control strategies. Methods: This study developed a compartmental SEIR-based model to assess the epidemiological impact of key interventions, including vaccination and isolation, while incorporating critical epidemiological parameters. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine (1) disease dynamics in relation to the basic reproduction number, and (2) how different parameters influence the curve of symptomatic infections. Real-world continental-scale data were used to validate the model and identify the parameters that most significantly affect epidemic progression and potential control of Mpox. Results: Results showed that the basic reproduction number was most influenced by the recovery rate, vaccination rate, vaccine effectiveness, and transmission rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. In contrast, the progression of symptomatic cases was highly sensitive to the case fatality rate and incubation rate. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of integrated public health strategies combining vaccination, isolation, and early transmission control to mitigate future Mpox outbreaks.

El objetivo del trabajo fue desarrollar un modelo matemático que haga la predicción del comportamiento epidemiológico causado por SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) en la República Popular de China. El modelo de basó en determinar la relación entre la variación del número de casos reportados (dN) y la variación del tiempo transcurrido (dt), denominado velocidad con que el fenómeno de casos reportados en China. La velocidad del fenómeno se determinó por diferenciación gráfica, con el propósito de encontrar una Ecuación Diferencial Ordinaria de Primer Orden (EDOPO), tipo lineal. Esta ecuación fue resuelta entre las condiciones iniciales de los datos reportados (t=1 día, N=278 casos reportados), llegando a obtener el modelo predictivo correspondiente. El modelo predictivo (Ecuación 15) fue validado estadísticamente, evaluando su coeficiente de correlación r de Pearson, cuyo valor es de 0,97, indicando una buena estimación del modelo en relación con el comportamiento epidemiológico de COVID-19.