Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producers in the world. The palm oil industry must look at the market competition map, starting from competing countries and other export opportunities to absorb palm oil products to increase state revenues. This paper analyzes the new challenges and opportunities for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in Indonesia in international trade. Analytical tools were Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Dynamic Product Export and X-model Potential Export. The results showed that Indonesian and Malaysian palm oil commodities obtained an RCA value of more than 1 and an RSCA value of close to 1. Indonesia is more competitive than Malaysia. The X-model showed that Indonesian CPO market share optimism is only in India and the rest is less potent. Malaysian CPO market share also has less potential. Therefore, Indonesia’s new challenges are export tariffs, obstructed access, insufficient downstream production and a black campaign. The opportunity for participation in the CPO export market is only in India compared to Malaysia, which has less potential. The two countries have less potential in destinations such as the Netherlands, USA, China and Kenya. Indonesia can take external policies by establishing cooperation with export destination countries, such as trade agreements, so that information about Indonesian palm oil is well received. Meanwhile, internal policies strengthen domestic downstream industry policies, such as the food, health, and renewable energy industries, to strengthen the domestic economy and improve the welfare of Indonesian palm oil farmers.

The research objective was to examine the factors influencing the effectiveness of agricultural extension in clove farming in Sidrap Regency. Primary data were collected using structured interviews with 140 selected clove farmers to achieve this objective. The binary logistic regression model was employed to test the influence of fourteen independent variables on the dependent variable. The research results indicated that the variables of family size, mass communication approach, electronic media, and clove cultivation material significantly and positively impacted the effectiveness of agricultural extension in clove farming. Meanwhile, the variables of educational attainment, farming experiences, farmers’ cosmopolitanism, print media, and land area had a negative significant effect, and the other variables had no significant effect. These findings are important indicators and valuable insights in promoting and encouraging the effectiveness of extension in clove farming. The findings emphasize the significant role of family characteristics, agricultural extension approaches, and communication delivery methods in the diffusion of agricultural technology and enhancing the effectiveness of agricultural extension. Based on the research results, policy recommendations are proposed to enhance extension effectiveness in clove farming, specifically, augmented farmer education on clove cultivation and the intensification and extensification of mass extension methods, as well as using electronic media in extension activities.

The decline in the productivity of the national sugarcane commodity has become an issue in the last ten years. When domestic demand for sugar is increasing, the decline in productivity indicates a crisis in sugarcane production. At the same time, the involved institutions and strategic programs to encourage sugarcane production have not been well identified. The research aims to determine the institutions that are expected to play a role and the strategic programs that are prioritized in increasing sugarcane production in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study uses Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to formulate complexity, hierarchy (levels) and classification among elements. The results showed that of the 14 sub-elements of the acting institutions studied, five institutions were key actors for increasing production, namely banking institutions; universities; agricultural, plantation and fisheries offices; industry, trade, cooperatives, & Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs') offices; and private companies. Then, from the 13 sub-elements of the strategic programs, there are five strategic programs that also serve as the key programs, namely extension/assisting farmers; addition of plantation labor; providing access to capital; variations of profit-sharing and buying systems of sugarcane; and accuracy of time and adequacy of the supply of raw materials to the mills. This means that these institutions must play an important role, as well as strategic programs that must be carried out effectively to address the issue of sugarcane production in the country. Thus, researchers recommend involving all stakeholders in conducting strategic programs with the key actors as the leading driving institutions.

The research objective was to examine the factors influencing the effectiveness of agriculture in clove farming. Primary data were using structured interviews and a simple random sampling method to select 140 respondents, clove farmers. The binary logistic regression model was employed to test the influence of fourteen independent variables on the effectiveness of agricultural extension in clove farming. The research results indicated that the variables of family size, mass communication approach, electronic media, and clove cultivation materials significantly and positively impacted the effectiveness of agricultural extension in clove farming. Meanwhile, the variables of educational attainment, farming experiences, farmer cosmopolitan, print media, and land area had a negative significant effect, and the other variables had no significant effect. These findings are important indicators and valuable insights, promoting and encouraging the effectiveness of extension in clove farming. The findings emphasize the significant role of family characteristics, agricultural extension approaches, and communication delivery methods in the diffusion of agricultural technology and enhancing the effectiveness of agricultural extension. Based on the research results, policy recommendations are proposed to enhance extension effectiveness in clove farming, specifically augmented farmer education on clove cultivation and the intensification and extensification of mass extension methods alongside using electronic media in extension activities.

Due to major shifts in consumer behavior, instant food products—like canned fish products—are currently becoming widespread and consumed by a large number of people. Inevitably, this makes competition fiercer in this sector. Therefore, companies must focus on customer satisfaction and fulfillment to shape their purchasing decisions. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing consumers' decision to choose canned fish products. Eight independent variables—brand image, product quality, product price, product taste, product availability, product packaging, brand trust, and consumer satisfaction—were hypothesized to influence consumers' purchasing decisions in canned fish products as dependent variables. Primary data was collected through an online survey using pre-designed questionnaires to achieve the study objective. Then, the binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the data. The results of this study indicated that brand image, product quality, product taste, product availability, brand trust, and customer satisfaction significantly affected purchasing decisions for canned fish products. These findings serve as important indicators and valuable insights in promoting the canned fish product. These facts and findings indicate that company should recognize that improving product quality through innovation, competitive advantage strategies, and technology adoption are important advantages for the sustainable growth of canned fish products.

The digital transformation of agriculture is reshaping food systems by shifting conventional extension models toward technology-supported advisory services. However, achieving long-term sustainability requires more than infrastructure; it requires strengthening farmers cognitive and behavioral capacity to interpret and apply digital information in practice. This study examines how perceived innovation attributes within the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) framework influence agricultural resilience, positioning farmers capacity as a key socio-behavioral mediating mechanism. A quantitative explanatory approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to survey data from 396 farmers engaged with commonly used digital advisory platforms (e.g., WhatsApp, YouTube) in Sidenreng Rappang Regency, Indonesia. The results indicate that all five perceived innovation attributes—relative advantage, compatibility, complexity (inversely operationalized as ease of use), trialability, and observability—significantly enhance farmers capacity. Farmers capacity, in turn, has a significant positive association with agricultural resilience and acts as an indirect pathway linking perceived innovation attributes to resilience outcomes. These findings suggest that localized resilience emerges through a process in which perceived technological benefits, experiential learning, and socio-cultural alignment support capacity formation. By extending DOI beyond adoption-oriented perspectives, this study highlights how ICT-based advisory services contribute to capacity development rather than technology uptake alone. The findings also have potential implications for broader sustainability goals, including SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).