This study evaluated the technical and economic feasibility of using supercritical CO₂ extraction for the production of bioactive compounds from Schinus terebinthifolius. Supercritical fluid extraction techniques employing carbon dioxide were employed to extract valuable compounds from S. terebinthifolius. The extraction was performed under different operating conditions, showing an increase in yield with higher pressures and temperatures. The bioactive compounds in the extract demonstrated significant potential in terms of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, making them valuable for applications in food preservation. The economic evaluation revealed a positive net present value (NPV) and favorable return on investment (ROI) within a two-year timeframe. The break-even point was determined to be below 25% production capacity, supporting the economic feasibility of the process. Overall, the utilization of supercritical CO₂ extraction for bioactive compounds from S. terebinthifolius offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly extraction method while ensuring the extract’s integrity and quality. Although the operational costs and extractor contributions require consideration, the findings support the economic viability and commercial potential of this technique. Further research and development can enhance the efficiency and cost-effectiveness, making it an attractive option for various commercial applications.

The article delves into the intricate phenomenon of deposition in heat exchangers and how a piece of equipment known as the benchtop heat exchanger test instrument (BHETI) has been developed to expedite the examination of this phenomenon. The BHETI subjects samples to substantial stress, facilitating the assessment of an oil’s tendency to generate deposits. Tests were conducted on two crude oil blends referred to as blend A and blend B using a BHETI unit. This equipment permits testing under various controlled conditions, including temperature, pressure, and volumetric flow rate. The results indicated that blend A exhibited a higher susceptibility to deposition compared to blend B due to its elevated concentration of light hydrocarbons. The wall temperature exerted a significant influence on the deposition rate, with higher temperatures leading to elevated deposition rates. Conversely, lower oil flow rates resulted in increased deposition rates. Furthermore, extended-term tests unveiled fluctuations in deposition rates over time when blending the two oil samples, suggesting intermittent fouling processes, possibly attributable to thermodynamic imbalances induced by mixing, rendering the oil’s asphaltenes less stable. The outcomes were subjected to analysis employing the Colloidal Instability Index (CII), which indicated that the majority of samples exhibited values exceeding 0.9, signifying asphaltene instability. Additionally, the examination of saturated, aromatic, and NSO (nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen) fractions revealed decreased saturation and increased aromatics after the deposition tests.

This chapter presents routes to aggregate value to soybean oil products by sustainable and economical sources for biofuels. The traditional production routes, such as pyrolysis, allows, by mixing oils and plastics, to generate bio-oils with high burning power. One example of an alternative route is single-step interesterification, where the methyl acetate reacts with the triglycerides in the oil, forming fatty acid methyl esters and triacetin as a by-product. This is a great advantage of this route, as in addition to its commercial value being greater than that of glycerol, it can be mixed with biofuel without changing its characteristics. The main objective is present routes that may reduce cost in general, in addition to generating co-products that allow an increase in the process added value.

Anais do I Web Encontro Nacional de Engenharia Química (978-65-5941-255-6) - Abordagem Química Sobre Resíduos Eletroeletrônicos: Uma Visão Dos Processos De Separações De Misturas

Anais do I Congresso Brasileiro Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia (978-65-88243-19-0) - Modelo Matemático Não Estruturado Da Modelagem De Um Bioreator Para Produção De Ácido Lático A Partir De Suco De Caju Clarificado

The Atlantic Forest biome boasts a vast biodiversity of aromatic and therapeutic plants with the potential for conversion into high value bioproducts for food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries through biorefineries. This research aims to conduct a techno-economic feasibility study to produce rose pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) essential oil in the Southern Coastal Territory (SCT) of Bahia, Brazil. The methodology adopted consists of a quantitative data collection for the techno-economic feasibility study, covering the availability of raw materials for extraction, a processing capacity of 650 t/year, production costs, and expected profit over a 10-year project lifespan. The technological route used was steam distillation due to the potential for industrial-scale extraction. Uncertainty assessment was performed using Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicated the economic feasibility of implementing the biorefinery in the SCT and allowed us to observe with 95% certainty that the expected profit is 50×10³ US$/year, and the probability of the project generating a financial loss is 8.2% at most. The net present value (NPV) was US$ 23×10³, the internal rate of return (IRR) was 19%, and the simple and discounted payback periods were 4 and 6 years, respectively. The profitability index (PI) was 11%, and the return on initial investment (ROI) was 69%. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed biorefinery implementation allows adding value to the biomass of the Atlantic Forest vegetation and strengthens the non-timber forest bioeconomy and support the preservation of the Atlantic Forest, as it brings economic activity to the living forest.