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Gaetano Di bella is associate professor in sanitary and environmental engineering at Kore University, Enna (Italy). He is interested in advanced wastewtaer treatment, soil remediation, solid waste management, and membrane bioreactors.
This mini-review reports the effect of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) on performance and membrane-fouling in combined aerobic granular sludge–membrane bioreactor (AGS–MBR) systems. Membrane-fouling represents a major drawback hampering the wider application of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. Fouling can be mitigated by applying aerobic granular sludge technology, a novel kind of biofilm technology characterized by high settleability, strong microbial structure, high resilience to toxic/recalcitrant compounds of industrial wastewater, and the possibility to simultaneously remove organic matter and nutrients. Different schemes can be foreseen for the AGS–MBR process. However, an updated literature review reveals that in the AGS–MBR process, granule breakage represents a critical problem in all configurations, which often causes an increase of pore-blocking. Therefore, to date, the objective of research in this sector has been to develop a stable AGS–MBR through multiple operational strategies, including the cultivation of AGS directly in an AGS–MBR reactor, the occurrence of an anaerobic-feast/aerobic-famine regime in continuous-flow reactors, maintenance of average granule dimensions far from critical values, and proper management of AGS scouring, which has been recently recognized as a crucial factor in membrane-fouling mitigation.
Riccardo Campo; Claudio Lubello; Tommaso Lotti; Gaetano Di Bella. Aerobic Granular Sludge–Membrane BioReactor (AGS–MBR) as a Novel Configuration for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: A Mini-Review. Membranes 2021, 11, 261 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Campo, Claudio Lubello, Tommaso Lotti, Gaetano Di Bella. Aerobic Granular Sludge–Membrane BioReactor (AGS–MBR) as a Novel Configuration for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: A Mini-Review. Membranes. 2021; 11 (4):261.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Campo; Claudio Lubello; Tommaso Lotti; Gaetano Di Bella. 2021. "Aerobic Granular Sludge–Membrane BioReactor (AGS–MBR) as a Novel Configuration for Wastewater Treatment and Fouling Mitigation: A Mini-Review." Membranes 11, no. 4: 261.
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising thermochemical pre-treatment to convert waste biomass into solid biofuels. However, the process yields large amounts of organic process water (PW), which must be properly disposed of or reused. In this study, the PW produced from the hydrothermal carbonization of lemon peel waste (LP) was recycled into HTC process of LP with the aim of maximize energy recovery from the aqueous phase while saving water resources and mitigating the overall environmental impact of the process. The effects of HTC temperature on the properties of solid and liquid products were investigated during PW recirculation. Experiments were carried out at three different operating temperatures (180, 220, 250 °C), fixed residence times of 60 min, and solid to liquid load of 20 wt%, on a dry basis. Hydrochars were characterized in terms of proximate analysis and higher heating values while liquid phases were analyzed in terms of pH and total organic carbon content (TOC). PW recirculation led to a solid mass yield increase and the effect was more pronounced at lower HTC temperature. The increase of solid mass yield, after recirculation steps (maximum increase of about 6% at 180 °C), also led to a significant energy yield enhancement. Results showed that PW recirculation is a viable strategy for a reduction of water consumption and further carbon recovery; moreover preliminary results encourage for an in-depth analysis of the effects of the PW recirculation for different biomasses and at various operating conditions.
Antonio Picone; Maurizio Volpe; Maria Giustra; Gaetano Di Bella; Antonio Messineo. Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lemon Peel Waste: Preliminary Results on the Effects of Temperature during Process Water Recirculation. Applied System Innovation 2021, 4, 19 .
AMA StyleAntonio Picone, Maurizio Volpe, Maria Giustra, Gaetano Di Bella, Antonio Messineo. Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lemon Peel Waste: Preliminary Results on the Effects of Temperature during Process Water Recirculation. Applied System Innovation. 2021; 4 (1):19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Picone; Maurizio Volpe; Maria Giustra; Gaetano Di Bella; Antonio Messineo. 2021. "Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lemon Peel Waste: Preliminary Results on the Effects of Temperature during Process Water Recirculation." Applied System Innovation 4, no. 1: 19.
Water disinfection is one of the main treatments aimed at maintaining human health. Traditionally, the treatment takes place inside multichamber tanks that facilitate the contact between disinfectant and pathogenic microorganisms to be removed. However, the traditional contact tanks used for disinfection have geometric characteristics causing the formation of dead or recirculation zones that reduce treatment efficiency with potentially harmful effects on human health. This study proposes the creation of holes in the baffles that divide the various chambers in order to increase the mixing inside the reactor. In particular, various configurations with holes of different sizes were considered. The results obtained through fluid dynamics simulations based on the LES (large eddy simulation) model show that the jet emerging from the holes penetrates the recirculation zones, transforming them into areas of active mixing. The analysis of the hydraulic mixing indices traditionally used to evaluate the performance of these tanks shows that the presence of the holes allows a significant increase in the mixing efficiency by reducing the short-circuit phenomena and the entrapment of the disinfectant inside the dead zones. Parameters of fundamental importance are the size of the holes, the arrangement of the holes within the baffles and the perforation percentage.
Paolo Bruno; Gaetano Di Bella; Mauro De Marchis. Perforated Baffles for the Optimization of Disinfection Treatment. Water 2020, 12, 3462 .
AMA StylePaolo Bruno, Gaetano Di Bella, Mauro De Marchis. Perforated Baffles for the Optimization of Disinfection Treatment. Water. 2020; 12 (12):3462.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaolo Bruno; Gaetano Di Bella; Mauro De Marchis. 2020. "Perforated Baffles for the Optimization of Disinfection Treatment." Water 12, no. 12: 3462.
The paper presents an experimental study on a lab scale hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor with intermittent aeration. Specifically, a comparison between two different operating conditions was analyzed: continuous and intermittent aeration. Both continuous and intermittent aeration were monitored and compared in order to get the best operational conditions. The intermittent aeration campaign was sub-divided in three phases with different duration of alternation of aerobic and anoxic times and organic and nitrogen loading rates. The efficiency of N-removal improved by 70% during the intermittent aeration. The best condition was observed with 40 min of aeration and 20 min of no-aeration, an organic loading rate of 2.2 kgCODm−3day−1 and a nitrogen loading rate of 0.25 kgNm−3day−1: under these operational conditions the removal efficiencies for carbon and nitrogen were 93% and 90%, respectively. The derived results provide the basis for WWTP upgrade in order to meet stricter effluent limits at low energy requirements.
Gaetano Di Bella; Giorgio Mannina. Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor for Carbon and Nutrient Biological Removal. Water 2020, 12, 492 .
AMA StyleGaetano Di Bella, Giorgio Mannina. Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor for Carbon and Nutrient Biological Removal. Water. 2020; 12 (2):492.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGaetano Di Bella; Giorgio Mannina. 2020. "Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor for Carbon and Nutrient Biological Removal." Water 12, no. 2: 492.
Two experimental campaigns were conducted to optimize the applicability of the Sediment Washing treatment on the marine sediments of Augusta Bay contaminated with heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). In the first campaign were used EDTA, citric acid, and acetic acid to removal only heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg) from the sediments, while in the second campaign EDTA, citric acid, and EDDS were used to removal heavy metals (Ni, Cu, Cr, and Pb) and TPH. The tests were conducted at different pH values and contact times with 1:10 solid:liquid weight ratio. In the first experimental, at pH values 4, contact time 3 h, and citric acid, high removal efficiencies (78–82%) have been obtained for Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cr metals, while, in the second experimental campaign, at pH value 4, contact time 0.5 h, and citric acid, high removal efficiencies have been achieved especially for Pb and TPH. Finally, on the basis of the results obtained, a conceptual sediment washing treatment layout was proposed and the related costs estimated.
Lucia Lumia; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gaspare Viviani; Gaetano Di Bella. Washing Batch Test of Contaminated Sediment: The Case of Augusta Bay (SR, Italy). Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 473 .
AMA StyleLucia Lumia, Maria Gabriella Giustra, Gaspare Viviani, Gaetano Di Bella. Washing Batch Test of Contaminated Sediment: The Case of Augusta Bay (SR, Italy). Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (2):473.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLucia Lumia; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gaspare Viviani; Gaetano Di Bella. 2020. "Washing Batch Test of Contaminated Sediment: The Case of Augusta Bay (SR, Italy)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2: 473.
The aim of this work is to study the mechanism for hydrocarbons removal from slop wastewater by means of aerobic granular sludge technology (AGS). Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), R1 and R2, worked for 150 days according to two different strategies: (i) slop treatment with mature salt-adapted granules (R1); (ii) cultivation of AGS with slop wastewater for its treatment (R2). Results revealed that, despite the similar physical properties of AGS at the end of experimental period (4.4–4.8 gTSS·L−1 and 2.2–2.5 gVSS·L−1, and mean dimensions of 1.15 mm and 1 mm, for R1 and R2 respectively), in R2 granules highlighted better total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) removal efficiencies than R1 (83% vs 36%), when real slop was fed to the reactors. The direct cultivation of AGS with slop (R2) prompted a higher extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) production that enhanced the bio-adsorption of TPH, thus favouring the adaptation of bacteria to hydrocarbons.
R. Campo; G. Di Bella. Petrochemical slop wastewater treatment by means of aerobic granular sludge: effect of granulation process on bio-adsorption and hydrocarbons removal. Chemical Engineering Journal 2019, 378, 122083 .
AMA StyleR. Campo, G. Di Bella. Petrochemical slop wastewater treatment by means of aerobic granular sludge: effect of granulation process on bio-adsorption and hydrocarbons removal. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2019; 378 ():122083.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Campo; G. Di Bella. 2019. "Petrochemical slop wastewater treatment by means of aerobic granular sludge: effect of granulation process on bio-adsorption and hydrocarbons removal." Chemical Engineering Journal 378, no. : 122083.
The development and stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was studied in two Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) treating fish canning wastewater. R1 cycle comprised a fully aerobic reaction phase, while R2 cycle included a plug-flow anaerobic feeding/reaction followed by an aerobic reaction phase. The performance of the AGS reactors was compared treating the same effluents with variable salt concentrations (4.97–13.45 g NaCl/L) and organic loading rates (OLR, 1.80–6.65 kg CODs/(m3·d)). Granulation process was faster in R2 (day 34) than in R1 (day 90), however the granular biomass formed in the fully aerobic configuration was more stable to the variable feeding composition. Thus, in R1 solid retention times (SRT), up to 15.2 days, longer than in R2, up to 5.8 days, were achieved. These long SRTs values helped the retention of nitrifying organisms and provoked the increase of the nitrogen removal efficiency to 80% in R1 while it was approximately of 40% in R2. However, the presence of an anaerobic feeding/reaction phase increased the organic matter removal efficiency in R2 (80–90%) which was higher than in R1 with a fully aerobic phase (75–85%). Furthermore, in R2 glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) dominated inside the granules instead of phosphorous-accumulating organisms (PAOs), suggesting that GAOs resist better the stressful conditions of a variable and high-saline influent. In terms of AGS properties an anaerobic feeding/reaction phase is not beneficial, however it enables the production of a better quality effluent.
P. Carrera; R. Campo; R. Méndez; G. Di Bella; J.L. Campos; A. Mosquera-Corral; A. Val del Rio. Does the feeding strategy enhance the aerobic granular sludge stability treating saline effluents? Chemosphere 2019, 226, 865 -873.
AMA StyleP. Carrera, R. Campo, R. Méndez, G. Di Bella, J.L. Campos, A. Mosquera-Corral, A. Val del Rio. Does the feeding strategy enhance the aerobic granular sludge stability treating saline effluents? Chemosphere. 2019; 226 ():865-873.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Carrera; R. Campo; R. Méndez; G. Di Bella; J.L. Campos; A. Mosquera-Corral; A. Val del Rio. 2019. "Does the feeding strategy enhance the aerobic granular sludge stability treating saline effluents?" Chemosphere 226, no. : 865-873.
The cake layer deposited on the membrane modules of membrane bioreactors (MBRs), especially under a submerged configuration, represents a relevant and fundamental mechanism deeply influencing the development of membrane fouling. It negatively affects the total resistance to filtration, while exerting a positive effect as a “pre-filter” promoting the “dynamic membrane” that protects the physical membrane from internal fouling. These two opposite phenomena should be properly managed, where the submerged membranes are usually subjected to a periodical cake layer removal through ordinary (permeate backwashing and air scouring) and/or irregular cleaning actions (manual physical cleaning). In this context, the physical removal of the cake layer is needed to maintain the design filtration characteristics. Nevertheless, the proper evaluation of the effect of physical cleaning operations is still contradictory and under discussion, referring in particular to the correct evaluation of fouling mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to summarize the different aspects that influence the fouling investigations, based on simple models for the evaluation of the resistance to filtration due to the cake layer, through physical cleaning operations.
Gaetano Di Bella; Daniele Di Trapani. A Brief Review on the Resistance-in-Series Model in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs). Membranes 2019, 9, 24 .
AMA StyleGaetano Di Bella, Daniele Di Trapani. A Brief Review on the Resistance-in-Series Model in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs). Membranes. 2019; 9 (2):24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGaetano Di Bella; Daniele Di Trapani. 2019. "A Brief Review on the Resistance-in-Series Model in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs)." Membranes 9, no. 2: 24.
The article shows results of monitoring of a Sicilian composting plant (southern Italy). In particular, the biological stability of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes has been monitored. Two experimental periods have been carried out: (1) plant start-up and (2) first operation period. The biological stability has been evaluated throughout the dynamic respiration index (DRI). This index was determined at different stages of process, for each phase. To our knowledge, no work has been previously published on the monitoring of composting plants in southern Italy. This work has the originality of using the DRI measured data for improving operation of a full-scale composting plant, rarely adopted in literature. Results show that storage time of the untreated matrix strongly influences performance of the composting process in terms of biological stability. At high value of storage time (>4 to 5 days) the pH decreased due to acetic acid production. Consequently, inhibition of the aerobic stabilization process takes place. Indeed, after treatment the DRI value was still quite high: 1,709 and 2,650 mgO2/(kgVS·h) during start-up and start-up and first operation period, respectively. Results also reveal the need of using all operational parameters as reference for regulation of ventilation systems.
Alida Cosenza; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Biological Stability of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes During Composting Processes. Environmental Engineering Science 2018, 35, 1117 -1125.
AMA StyleAlida Cosenza, Gaetano Di Bella, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Biological Stability of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes During Composting Processes. Environmental Engineering Science. 2018; 35 (10):1117-1125.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlida Cosenza; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "Biological Stability of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes During Composting Processes." Environmental Engineering Science 35, no. 10: 1117-1125.
Sanitary landfills for municipal solid waste (MSW) represent one of the major anthropogenic source of GHGs emissions and are directly responsible of the climate changes we are facing nowadays. Indeed, the biodegradable organic matter of MSW undergoes anaerobic digestion producing the landfill gas (LFG), whose main components are CH4 and CO2. Therefore, biomethane energy exploitation in MSW landfills will reduce GHGs emission positively affecting the global warming. The aim of the present study was to assess the methane production in a Sicilian landfill by comparing the results from field measurements of methane emission and the estimates achieved by applying different mathematical models. A subsequent energetic/economic analysis was carried out based on the Italian incentive mechanisms. Two different scenarios were simulated for LFG valorization considering either internal combustion engines or micro gas turbines. The evaluation of the economic viability was performed by applying the classic models of the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return. The results of the present study showed that the LFG produced in the investigated landfill could be profitably used as energetic source and the economic income due to thermal and electrical energy valorization might positively contribute to the landfill management.
Daniele Di Trapani; Maurizio Volpe; Gaetano Di Bella; Antonio Messineo; Roberto Volpe; Gaspare Viviani. Assessing Methane Emission and Economic Viability of Energy Exploitation in a Typical Sicilian Municipal Solid Waste Landfill. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2018, 10, 3173 -3184.
AMA StyleDaniele Di Trapani, Maurizio Volpe, Gaetano Di Bella, Antonio Messineo, Roberto Volpe, Gaspare Viviani. Assessing Methane Emission and Economic Viability of Energy Exploitation in a Typical Sicilian Municipal Solid Waste Landfill. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2018; 10 (10):3173-3184.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniele Di Trapani; Maurizio Volpe; Gaetano Di Bella; Antonio Messineo; Roberto Volpe; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "Assessing Methane Emission and Economic Viability of Energy Exploitation in a Typical Sicilian Municipal Solid Waste Landfill." Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, no. 10: 3173-3184.
Riccardo Campo; Santo Fabio Corsino; Michele Torregrossa; Gaetano Di Bella. The role of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation with stepwise increase of salinity. Separation and Purification Technology 2018, 195, 12 -20.
AMA StyleRiccardo Campo, Santo Fabio Corsino, Michele Torregrossa, Gaetano Di Bella. The role of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation with stepwise increase of salinity. Separation and Purification Technology. 2018; 195 ():12-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Campo; Santo Fabio Corsino; Michele Torregrossa; Gaetano Di Bella. 2018. "The role of extracellular polymeric substances on aerobic granulation with stepwise increase of salinity." Separation and Purification Technology 195, no. : 12-20.
Santo Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Aerobic granular sludge treating shipboard slop: Analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons loading rates on performances and stability. Process Biochemistry 2018, 65, 164 -171.
AMA StyleSanto Fabio Corsino, Riccardo Campo, Gaetano Di Bella, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Aerobic granular sludge treating shipboard slop: Analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons loading rates on performances and stability. Process Biochemistry. 2018; 65 ():164-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanto Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2018. "Aerobic granular sludge treating shipboard slop: Analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons loading rates on performances and stability." Process Biochemistry 65, no. : 164-171.
In this study, the adsorption of granular activated carbon (GAC) was evaluated in the treatment of slop with the aim of reducing the organic matter concentration in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). The process was optimized for the oily wastewaters sampled from a floating tank of an oil coastal deposit in the Augusta Harbor (Sicily, Italy). In particular, both batch and dynamic tests were performed. Two different GACs were used and compared. In general, the application of the adsorption process was effective in the treatment of the slop. In fact, the percentages of removal, although rarely exceeding 65% in term of COD, reduced the overall organic load resulting from recalcitrant or poorly biodegradable substances (efficiency greater than 70–80% in terms of DOC and TPH). However, a pretreatment with 20 gGAC/L is also sustainable for the removal of the main contaminants and for the pretreatment of the wastewater, improving the treatment before a subsequent biological process.
M. G. Giustra; G. Di Bella. Shipboard Wastewater Treatment Using Granular Activated Carbon: Adsorption Test and Bioregeneration. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2017, 143, 06017007 .
AMA StyleM. G. Giustra, G. Di Bella. Shipboard Wastewater Treatment Using Granular Activated Carbon: Adsorption Test and Bioregeneration. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2017; 143 (10):06017007.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. G. Giustra; G. Di Bella. 2017. "Shipboard Wastewater Treatment Using Granular Activated Carbon: Adsorption Test and Bioregeneration." Journal of Environmental Engineering 143, no. 10: 06017007.
Riccardo Campo; Shibam Mitra; Gaetano Di Bella. Analysis of Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Membrane Fouling of a MB-MBR Treating Shipboard Slops. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2017, 143, 04017063 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Campo, Shibam Mitra, Gaetano Di Bella. Analysis of Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Membrane Fouling of a MB-MBR Treating Shipboard Slops. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2017; 143 (9):04017063.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Campo; Shibam Mitra; Gaetano Di Bella. 2017. "Analysis of Extracellular Polymeric Substances and Membrane Fouling of a MB-MBR Treating Shipboard Slops." Journal of Environmental Engineering 143, no. 9: 04017063.
Shipboard slop wastewaters are produced by the activity of washing of oil tankers with seawater, and are characterized by high salinity and hydrocarbons. In this context, harbor authorities are forced to respect the international regulation IMO-MARPOL 73/78 and they must treat slop wastewater before discharging to the sea. This study compared data from three stand-alone treatments working with the same real slop wastewater: (1) a chemical treatment of coagulation-flocculation with aluminum sulphate as coagulant and an anionic flocculant (A57), (2) a physical treatment of adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC), (3) two biological treatments represented by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a moving bed biofilm reactor (MB-MBR). GAC treatment registered the highest removal efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbons (ηTPH) next to 85%, since the activated carbon had excellent adsorption properties towards organic substances. The coagulation-flocculation treatment reported the lowest ηTPH ≈ 57% due to the presence of emulsified hydrocarbons that were not affected by the coagulant and flocculant action, so remaining in liquid phase. ηTPH ≈ 70% obtained with MB-MBR fed with 100% volume of slop, suggested biomass acclimation to salinity and hydrocarbons. Based on the results of each process, three main treatment chains are proposed depending on the hydrocarbons load of the real slop wastewater.
Riccardo Campo; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gabriele Freni; Mauro De Marchis; Gaetano Di Bella. Characterization and Treatment Proposals of Shipboard Slop Wastewater Contaminated by Hydrocarbons. Water 2017, 9, 581 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Campo, Maria Gabriella Giustra, Gabriele Freni, Mauro De Marchis, Gaetano Di Bella. Characterization and Treatment Proposals of Shipboard Slop Wastewater Contaminated by Hydrocarbons. Water. 2017; 9 (8):581.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Campo; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gabriele Freni; Mauro De Marchis; Gaetano Di Bella. 2017. "Characterization and Treatment Proposals of Shipboard Slop Wastewater Contaminated by Hydrocarbons." Water 9, no. 8: 581.
Riccardo Campo; Nadia Di Prima; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gabriele Freni; Gaetano Di Bella. Performance of a moving bed-membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons from washing of oil tankers. Desalination and Water Treatment 2016, 57, 22943 -22952.
AMA StyleRiccardo Campo, Nadia Di Prima, Maria Gabriella Giustra, Gabriele Freni, Gaetano Di Bella. Performance of a moving bed-membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons from washing of oil tankers. Desalination and Water Treatment. 2016; 57 (48-49):22943-22952.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Campo; Nadia Di Prima; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Gabriele Freni; Gaetano Di Bella. 2016. "Performance of a moving bed-membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons from washing of oil tankers." Desalination and Water Treatment 57, no. 48-49: 22943-22952.
A membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant was operated in two subsequent experimental periods (namely, Periods I and II) with different start-up and sludge withdrawal strategies to study its peculiar biokinetic behavior by using respirometric techniques. Two extreme operational conditions were chosen to investigate the different biomass activity under dynamic or pseudostationary conditions during and after the start-up phases. Particularly, the MBR pilot plant was operated with the same volumetric loading rate (VLR) and permeate flux but differently managed during the start-up phase. In Period I, the MBR pilot plant was started up without sludge inoculum and operated without sludge withdrawals; on the contrary, in Period II the MBR pilot plant was started up with sludge inoculum and operated with regular sludge withdrawals. The obtained results highlighted that the different start-up strategies significantly affected the value of the yield coefficient, the storage phenomena, the decay coefficient, and the maximum respiration rates of heterotrophic species. More specifically, both experimental periods underlined interesting aspects related to the bacterial behavior under significant stress conditions occurring during a non-steady-state (start-up) phase.
Marco Capodici; G. Di Bella; D. Di Trapani; M. Torregrossa; G. Viviani. Respirometry for the Characterization of Heterotrophic Biomass Activity: Application to a MBR Pilot Plant Operated with Two Different Start-Up Strategies. Journal of Environmental Engineering 2016, 142, 06015009 .
AMA StyleMarco Capodici, G. Di Bella, D. Di Trapani, M. Torregrossa, G. Viviani. Respirometry for the Characterization of Heterotrophic Biomass Activity: Application to a MBR Pilot Plant Operated with Two Different Start-Up Strategies. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 2016; 142 (2):06015009.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Capodici; G. Di Bella; D. Di Trapani; M. Torregrossa; G. Viviani. 2016. "Respirometry for the Characterization of Heterotrophic Biomass Activity: Application to a MBR Pilot Plant Operated with Two Different Start-Up Strategies." Journal of Environmental Engineering 142, no. 2: 06015009.
A granular continuous-flow membrane bioreactor with a novel hydrodynamic configuration was developed to evaluate the stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Under continuous-flow operation (Period I), AGS rapidly lost their structural integrity resulting in loose and fluffy microbial aggregates in which filamentous bacteria were dominant. The intermittent feeding (Period II) allowed obtaining the succession of feast and famine conditions that favored the increase in AGS stability. Although no further breakage occurred, the formation of new granules was very limited, owing to the absence of the hydraulic selection pressure. These results noted the necessity to ensure, on the one hand the succession of feast/famine conditions, and on the other, the hydraulic selection pressure that allows flocculent sludge washout. This preliminary study shows that the proposed configuration could meet the first aspect; in contrast, biomass selection needs to be improved.
Santo Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; G. Di Bella; M. Torregrossa; G. Viviani. Study of aerobic granular sludge stability in a continuous-flow membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology 2016, 200, 1055 -1059.
AMA StyleSanto Fabio Corsino, Riccardo Campo, G. Di Bella, M. Torregrossa, G. Viviani. Study of aerobic granular sludge stability in a continuous-flow membrane bioreactor. Bioresource Technology. 2016; 200 ():1055-1059.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanto Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; G. Di Bella; M. Torregrossa; G. Viviani. 2016. "Study of aerobic granular sludge stability in a continuous-flow membrane bioreactor." Bioresource Technology 200, no. : 1055-1059.
In order to prevent hydrocarbon discharge at sea from ships, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) enacted the MARPOL 73/78 convention in which any oil and oil residue discharged in wastewater streams must contain less than 5 ppm hydrocarbons. Effective treatment of this petroleum-contaminated water is essential prior to its release into the environment, in order to prevent pollution problem for marine ecosystems as well as for human health. Therefore, two bench scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were investigated for hydrocarbon biodegradation. The two plants were initially fed with synthetic wastewater characterised by an increasing salinity, in order to enhance biomass acclimation to salinity. Subsequently, they were fed with a mixture of synthetic wastewater and real shipboard slops (with an increasing slops percentage up to 50% by volume). The results indicated a satisfactory biomass acclimation level in both plants with regards to salinity, providing significant removal efficiencies. The real slops exerted an inhibitory effect on the biomass, partially due to hydrocarbons as well as to other concomitant influences from other compounds contained in the real slops difficult to evaluate a priori. Nevertheless, a slight adaptation of the biomass to the new conditions was observed, with increasing removal efficiencies, despite the significant slops percentage.
Gaetano Di Bella; Nadia Di Prima; Daniele Di Trapani; Gabriele Freni; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Performance of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for the treatment of shipboard slops: Assessment of hydrocarbon biodegradation and biomass activity under salinity variation. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2015, 300, 765 -778.
AMA StyleGaetano Di Bella, Nadia Di Prima, Daniele Di Trapani, Gabriele Freni, Maria Gabriella Giustra, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Performance of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for the treatment of shipboard slops: Assessment of hydrocarbon biodegradation and biomass activity under salinity variation. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2015; 300 ():765-778.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGaetano Di Bella; Nadia Di Prima; Daniele Di Trapani; Gabriele Freni; Maria Gabriella Giustra; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2015. "Performance of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for the treatment of shipboard slops: Assessment of hydrocarbon biodegradation and biomass activity under salinity variation." Journal of Hazardous Materials 300, no. : 765-778.
The time required to stabilise mature aerobic granules is rather variable. In addition, cultivation time and the structural characteristics of granules seem to be related to the nature of wastewater influent. Granular sludge has been used for the treatment of several industrial wastewaters, but nothing has been reported about wastewater characterized by the simultaneous presence of hydrocarbons and high chloride concentration. In this work, the authors analysed the granulation process and performance as well as the physical characteristics of aerobic granules in two Granular Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactors (GSBARs), fed with acetate-based synthetic wastewater in reactor 1 (R1) and with a mixture of real and simulated slop (R2). The results obtained in 100 days show that full granulation was achieved in both reactors. The granules in R2 developed more quickly, but they appeared slightly unstable and more susceptible to breaking. Despite high salt concentration, the efficiency of phosphorous and carbon removal was satisfactory. Low nitrification activity was observed in R1, confirming that a longer time is necessary to obtain the acclimation of autotrophic biomass in aerobic granules. In R2 the combined effect of salinity and hydrocarbons caused the inhibition of the autotrophic biomass, with the consequence that nitrification was absent. Hydrocarbons were initially removed by adsorption afterwards by biological degradation with a removal efficiency of over 90%.
Santo Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. Cultivation of granular sludge with hypersaline oily wastewater. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 2015, 105, 192 -202.
AMA StyleSanto Fabio Corsino, Riccardo Campo, Gaetano Di Bella, Michele Torregrossa, Gaspare Viviani. Cultivation of granular sludge with hypersaline oily wastewater. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2015; 105 ():192-202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanto Fabio Corsino; Riccardo Campo; Gaetano Di Bella; Michele Torregrossa; Gaspare Viviani. 2015. "Cultivation of granular sludge with hypersaline oily wastewater." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 105, no. : 192-202.