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Water-selective membrane reactors are proposed in the literature to improve methanol yield for a standalone reactor. However, the methanol productivity is not a precise metric to show the system improvement since, with this approach, we do not consider the amount of energy loss through the undesirable co-permeation of H2, which could otherwise remain on the reaction side at high pressure. In other words, the effectiveness of this new technology should be evaluated at a process flowsheet level to assess its advantages and disadvantages on the overall system performance and, more importantly, to identify the minimum required properties of the membrane. Therefore, an equation-based model for a membrane reactor, developed in Aspen Custom Modeler, was incorporated within the process flowsheet of the methanol plant to develop an integrated process framework to conduct the investigation. We determined the upper limit of the power-saving at 32% by exploring the favorable conditions wherein a conceptual water selective membrane reactor proves more effective. Using these suboptimal conditions, we realized that the minimum required H2O/H2 selectivity is 190 and 970 based on the exergy analysis and overall power requirement, respectively. According to our results, the permselectivity of membranes synthesized for this application in the literature, showing improvements in the one-pass conversion, is well below the minimum requirement when the overall methanol synthesis process flowsheet comes into consideration.
Homa Hamedi; Torsten Brinkmann; Sergey Shishatskiy. Membrane-Assisted Methanol Synthesis Processes and the Required Permselectivity. Membranes 2021, 11, 596 .
AMA StyleHoma Hamedi, Torsten Brinkmann, Sergey Shishatskiy. Membrane-Assisted Methanol Synthesis Processes and the Required Permselectivity. Membranes. 2021; 11 (8):596.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHoma Hamedi; Torsten Brinkmann; Sergey Shishatskiy. 2021. "Membrane-Assisted Methanol Synthesis Processes and the Required Permselectivity." Membranes 11, no. 8: 596.
As a promising material for CO2/N2 separation, PolyActiveTM can be used as a separation layer in thin-film composite membranes (TFCM). Prior studies focused on the modification of PolyActiveTM using low-molecular-weight additives. In this study, the effect of chemical crosslinking of reactive end-groups containing additives, forming networks within selective layers of the TFCM, has been studied. In order to understand the influence of a network embedded into a polymer matrix on the properties of the resulting materials, various characterization methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas transport measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were used. The characterization of the resulting membrane regarding individual gas permeances by an in-house built “pressure increase” facility revealed a twofold increase in CO2 permeance, with insignificant losses in CO2/N2 selectivity.
Jelena Lillepärg; Evgeni Sperling; Marit Blanke; Martin Held; Sergey Shishatskiy. Multicomponent Network Formation in Selective Layer of Composite Membrane for CO2 Separation. Membranes 2021, 11, 174 .
AMA StyleJelena Lillepärg, Evgeni Sperling, Marit Blanke, Martin Held, Sergey Shishatskiy. Multicomponent Network Formation in Selective Layer of Composite Membrane for CO2 Separation. Membranes. 2021; 11 (3):174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJelena Lillepärg; Evgeni Sperling; Marit Blanke; Martin Held; Sergey Shishatskiy. 2021. "Multicomponent Network Formation in Selective Layer of Composite Membrane for CO2 Separation." Membranes 11, no. 3: 174.
The current study summarizes the findings of single-gas transport performances of mixed matrix thin-film composite membranes consisting of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporated into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). Mg-MOF-74, MIL-53, TIFSIX-3, and Zn2(bim)4 were investigated as stand-alone materials and as incorporated into the PIM-1 polymer matrix serving as a selective layer of thin-film composite membranes by various methods: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of MOF loading and nature on the mixed-matrix membrane morphology and operation were analyzed by varying the MOF content in the polymer matrix from 2 to 10 wt % with respect to the dry polymer weight. The results show that the incorporation of MOFs into the PIM-1 polymer matrix boosts the permeance and selectivity of H2 and O2 over N2, and the prepared PIM-1/TIFSIX_4 mixed matrix membrane shows better separation performance for CO2/CH4 than pure PIM-1. Such membranes can be good candidates for ammonia purge gas, oxygen enrichment, and acid gas treatment applications.
Elvin Aliyev; Jan Warfsmann; Begum Tokay; Sergey Shishatskiy; Young-Joo Lee; Jelena Lillepaerg; Neil R. Champness; Volkan Filiz. Gas Transport Properties of the Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)-Assisted Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) Thin-Film Composite Membranes. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2020, 9, 684 -694.
AMA StyleElvin Aliyev, Jan Warfsmann, Begum Tokay, Sergey Shishatskiy, Young-Joo Lee, Jelena Lillepaerg, Neil R. Champness, Volkan Filiz. Gas Transport Properties of the Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)-Assisted Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) Thin-Film Composite Membranes. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2020; 9 (2):684-694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElvin Aliyev; Jan Warfsmann; Begum Tokay; Sergey Shishatskiy; Young-Joo Lee; Jelena Lillepaerg; Neil R. Champness; Volkan Filiz. 2020. "Gas Transport Properties of the Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)-Assisted Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) Thin-Film Composite Membranes." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 9, no. 2: 684-694.
The modification of highly permeable films of brominated 1,2-disubstituted polyacetylene, poly(4-methyl-2-penthyne), via incorporation of in situ formed butylimidazolium bromide is reported for the first time. Principal possibility and efficiency of supercritical CO2 and CHF3 use as reaction media for the corresponding process, namely for quaternization of butylimidazole by brominated polymer are revealed. As a result, we prepared new membrane materials possessing promising properties such as stability toward organic solvents, good mechanical properties and significantly improved CO2-selectivity while maintaining gas permeability at high values. Comparative analysis of the results allowed us to determine content and conditions for the incorporation of butylimidazolium groups optimal for most efficient separation of CO2 from industrial gas mixtures. These results are of interest for the designing of new CO2 selective membranes.
Viktoriya Polevaya; Anton Vorobei; Andrey Gavrikov; Samira Matson; Olga Parenago; Sergey Shishatskiy; Valeriy Khotimskiy. Modification of Poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) in the Supercritical Fluid Medium for Selective Membrane Separation of CO2 from Various Gas Mixtures. Polymers 2020, 12, 2468 .
AMA StyleViktoriya Polevaya, Anton Vorobei, Andrey Gavrikov, Samira Matson, Olga Parenago, Sergey Shishatskiy, Valeriy Khotimskiy. Modification of Poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) in the Supercritical Fluid Medium for Selective Membrane Separation of CO2 from Various Gas Mixtures. Polymers. 2020; 12 (11):2468.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViktoriya Polevaya; Anton Vorobei; Andrey Gavrikov; Samira Matson; Olga Parenago; Sergey Shishatskiy; Valeriy Khotimskiy. 2020. "Modification of Poly(4-methyl-2-pentyne) in the Supercritical Fluid Medium for Selective Membrane Separation of CO2 from Various Gas Mixtures." Polymers 12, no. 11: 2468.
This paper discusses the potential of polymer networks, templated by crystalline metal–organic framework (MOF), as novel selective layer material in thin film composite membranes. The ability to create mechanically stable membranes with an ultra-thin selective layer of advanced polymer materials is highly desirable in membrane technology. Here, we describe a novel polymeric membrane, which is synthesized via the conversion of a surface anchored metal–organic framework (SURMOF) into a surface anchored gel (SURGEL). The SURGEL membranes combine the high variability in the building blocks and the possibility to control the network topology and membrane thickness of the SURMOF synthesis with high mechanical and chemical stability of polymers. Next to the material design, the transfer of membranes to suitable supports is also usually a challenging task, due to the fragile nature of the ultra-thin films. To overcome this issue, we utilized a porous support on top of the membrane, which is mechanically stable enough to allow for the easy membrane transfer from the synthesis substrate to the final membrane support. To demonstrate the potential for gas separation of the synthesized SURGEL membranes, as well as the suitability of the transfer method, we determined the permeance for eight gases with different kinetic diameters.
Sophia Schmitt; Sergey Shishatskiy; Peter Krolla; Qi An; Salma Begum; Alexander Welle; Tawheed Hashem; Sylvain Grosjean; Volker Abetz; Stefan Bräse; Christof Wöll; Manuel Tsotsalas. Synthesis, Transfer, and Gas Separation Characteristics of MOF-Templated Polymer Membranes. Membranes 2019, 9, 124 .
AMA StyleSophia Schmitt, Sergey Shishatskiy, Peter Krolla, Qi An, Salma Begum, Alexander Welle, Tawheed Hashem, Sylvain Grosjean, Volker Abetz, Stefan Bräse, Christof Wöll, Manuel Tsotsalas. Synthesis, Transfer, and Gas Separation Characteristics of MOF-Templated Polymer Membranes. Membranes. 2019; 9 (10):124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSophia Schmitt; Sergey Shishatskiy; Peter Krolla; Qi An; Salma Begum; Alexander Welle; Tawheed Hashem; Sylvain Grosjean; Volker Abetz; Stefan Bräse; Christof Wöll; Manuel Tsotsalas. 2019. "Synthesis, Transfer, and Gas Separation Characteristics of MOF-Templated Polymer Membranes." Membranes 9, no. 10: 124.
The work is devoted to the chemical modification of a polymer that is promising for the creation of gas separation membranes, aimed at increasing the selectivity with respect to CO2. The introduction of ionic liquids into the structure of poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) is realized by a two-step process: bromination of the initial polymer with N-bromosuccinimide and subsequent addition of tertiary amine (N-butylimidazole) to it. Depending on the process conditions, the method allows polymers with different contents of the ionic liquid to be obtained. The obtained polymers show good film-forming properties and thermal stability. Depending on the content of the ionic liquid in the polymer matrix, the resistance to aliphatic alicyclic to the majority of halogenated, as well as aromatic hydrocarbons, increases. With an increase of the ionic liquid content in the polymer, the ideal selectivities of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas pairs increases while maintaining a high level of permeability.
Viktoriya Polevaya; Viktoriya Geiger; Galina Bondarenko; Sergey Shishatskiy; Valeriy Khotimskiy. Chemical Modification of Poly(1-Trimethylsylil-1-Propyne) for the Creation of Highly Efficient CO2-Selective Membrane Materials. Materials 2019, 12, 2763 .
AMA StyleViktoriya Polevaya, Viktoriya Geiger, Galina Bondarenko, Sergey Shishatskiy, Valeriy Khotimskiy. Chemical Modification of Poly(1-Trimethylsylil-1-Propyne) for the Creation of Highly Efficient CO2-Selective Membrane Materials. Materials. 2019; 12 (17):2763.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViktoriya Polevaya; Viktoriya Geiger; Galina Bondarenko; Sergey Shishatskiy; Valeriy Khotimskiy. 2019. "Chemical Modification of Poly(1-Trimethylsylil-1-Propyne) for the Creation of Highly Efficient CO2-Selective Membrane Materials." Materials 12, no. 17: 2763.
Novel selective polymeric thin-film composite membranes (TFCMs) for applications at elevated temperatures were developed. Thin selective layers of the polyimides Matrimid 5218® and 6FDA-6FpDA were cast on a developed polybenzimidazole (PBI) porous support prepared by a phase inversion process. The TFCM properties were investigated with different gases in a wide temperature range, including temperatures up to 270 °C. The membranes showed very high thermal stability and performed well at the elevated temperatures. The development of highly thermally resistant polymeric membranes such as these TFCMs opens opportunities for application in high-temperature integrated processes, such as catalytic membrane reactors for the water-gas shift reaction in order to maximize H₂ yield.
Fynn Weigelt; Sara Escorihuela; Alberto Descalzo; Alberto Tena; Sonia Escolástico; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jose Manuel Serra; Torsten Brinkmann; Tena. Novel Polymeric Thin-Film Composite Membranes for High-Temperature Gas Separations. Membranes 2019, 9, 51 .
AMA StyleFynn Weigelt, Sara Escorihuela, Alberto Descalzo, Alberto Tena, Sonia Escolástico, Sergey Shishatskiy, Jose Manuel Serra, Torsten Brinkmann, Tena. Novel Polymeric Thin-Film Composite Membranes for High-Temperature Gas Separations. Membranes. 2019; 9 (4):51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFynn Weigelt; Sara Escorihuela; Alberto Descalzo; Alberto Tena; Sonia Escolástico; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jose Manuel Serra; Torsten Brinkmann; Tena. 2019. "Novel Polymeric Thin-Film Composite Membranes for High-Temperature Gas Separations." Membranes 9, no. 4: 51.
The separation of carbon dioxide from coal-fired power plant flue gases using a CO2/N2-selective supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) was investigated and the performance and stability of the membrane during operation are reported. The membrane is composed of a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane as a support and a selective layer of an ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIM Tf2N). The feasibility of large-scale SILM production was demonstrated by the formation of a square-meter-scale membrane and preparation of a membrane module. A flat-sheet envelope-type SILM module containing 0.67 m2 of the membrane was assembled. Prior to real flue gas operation, the separation behaviour of the membrane was investigated with single gases. The stability of the SILM during the test stand and pilot plant operation using real power plant flue gases is reported. The volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the flue gas was raised from approx. 14 vol. % (feed) to 40 vol. % (permeate). However, issues concerning the membrane stability were found when SO3 aerosols in large quantities were present in the flue gas.
Patrik Klingberg; Kai Wilkner; Markus Schlüter; Judith Grünauer; Sergey Shishatskiy. Separation of Carbon Dioxide from Real Power Plant Flue Gases by Gas Permeation Using a Supported Ionic Liquid Membrane: An Investigation of Membrane Stability. Membranes 2019, 9, 35 .
AMA StylePatrik Klingberg, Kai Wilkner, Markus Schlüter, Judith Grünauer, Sergey Shishatskiy. Separation of Carbon Dioxide from Real Power Plant Flue Gases by Gas Permeation Using a Supported Ionic Liquid Membrane: An Investigation of Membrane Stability. Membranes. 2019; 9 (3):35.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatrik Klingberg; Kai Wilkner; Markus Schlüter; Judith Grünauer; Sergey Shishatskiy. 2019. "Separation of Carbon Dioxide from Real Power Plant Flue Gases by Gas Permeation Using a Supported Ionic Liquid Membrane: An Investigation of Membrane Stability." Membranes 9, no. 3: 35.
Porous, porous/gutter layer and porous/gutter layer/selective layer types of membranes were investigated for their gas transport properties in order to derive an improved description of the transport performance of thin film composite membranes (TFCM). A model describing the individual contributions of the different layers’ mass transfer resistances was developed. The proposed method allows for the prediction of permeation behaviour with standard deviations (SD) up to 10%. The porous support structures were described using the Dusty Gas Model (based on the Maxwell–Stefan multicomponent mass transfer approach) whilst the permeation in the dense gutter and separation layers was described by applicable models such as the Free-Volume model, using parameters derived from single gas time lag measurements. The model also accounts for the thermal expansion of the dense layers at pressure differences below 100 kPa. Using the model, the thickness of a silicone-based gutter layer was calculated from permeation measurements. The resulting value differed by a maximum of 30 nm to the thickness determined by scanning electron microscopy.
Jelena Lillepärg; Sabrina Breitenkamp; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jan Pohlmann; Jan Wind; Carsten Scholles; Torsten Brinkmann. Characteristics of Gas Permeation Behaviour in Multilayer Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation. Membranes 2019, 9, 22 .
AMA StyleJelena Lillepärg, Sabrina Breitenkamp, Sergey Shishatskiy, Jan Pohlmann, Jan Wind, Carsten Scholles, Torsten Brinkmann. Characteristics of Gas Permeation Behaviour in Multilayer Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation. Membranes. 2019; 9 (2):22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJelena Lillepärg; Sabrina Breitenkamp; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jan Pohlmann; Jan Wind; Carsten Scholles; Torsten Brinkmann. 2019. "Characteristics of Gas Permeation Behaviour in Multilayer Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation." Membranes 9, no. 2: 22.
In dieser Arbeit wurden neue Mixed‐Matrix‐Membranen (MMM) aus Matrimid® und Aktivkohle (AK) für die Gasseparation untersucht. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Herstellung von Membranen mit im Vergleich zu reinen Matrimid®‐Membranen verbesserten Gaspermeationseigenschaften. Die Membranen wurden thermisch und morphologisch charakterisiert, außerdem wurden die Gastransporteigenschaften bestimmt. Bei steigendem AK‐Gehalt war die Selektivität für verschiedene Gaspaare konstant, die Permeabilitäten stiegen jedoch stark an.
Prokopios Georgopanos; Fynn Weigelt; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Torsten Brinkmann; Volker Abetz. Defektfreie Mixed‐Matrix‐Membranen aus Matrimid® und Aktivkohle für die Gastrennung. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2018, 91, 534 -537.
AMA StyleProkopios Georgopanos, Fynn Weigelt, Sergey Shishatskiy, Volkan Filiz, Torsten Brinkmann, Volker Abetz. Defektfreie Mixed‐Matrix‐Membranen aus Matrimid® und Aktivkohle für die Gastrennung. Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 2018; 91 (4):534-537.
Chicago/Turabian StyleProkopios Georgopanos; Fynn Weigelt; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Torsten Brinkmann; Volker Abetz. 2018. "Defektfreie Mixed‐Matrix‐Membranen aus Matrimid® und Aktivkohle für die Gastrennung." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 91, no. 4: 534-537.
Three polyimides and six inorganic fillers in a form of nanometer-sized particles were studied as thick film solution cast mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for the transport of CO2, CH4, and H2O. Gas transport properties and electron microscopy images indicate good polymer-filler compatibility for all membranes. The only filler type thatdemonstrated good distribution throughout the membrane thickness at 10 wt. % loading was BaCe0.2Zr0.7Y0.1O3 (BCZY). The influence of this filler on MMM gas transport properties was studied in detail for 6FDA-6FpDA in a filler content range from one to 20 wt. % and for Matrimid® and P84® at 10 wt. % loading. The most promising result was obtained for Matrimid®—10wt. % BCZY MMM, which showed improvement in CO2 and H2O permeabilities accompanied by increased CO2/CH4 selectivity and high water selective membrane at elevated temperatures without H2O/permanent gas selectivity loss.
Sara Escorihuela; Lucía Valero; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolástico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra. Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation. Membranes 2018, 8, 128 .
AMA StyleSara Escorihuela, Lucía Valero, Alberto Tena, Sergey Shishatskiy, Sonia Escolástico, Torsten Brinkmann, Jose Manuel Serra. Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation. Membranes. 2018; 8 (4):128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Escorihuela; Lucía Valero; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolástico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra. 2018. "Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation." Membranes 8, no. 4: 128.
In this study, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized graphene oxide (FGO) incorporated in a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) serving as a polymer matrix have been fabricated by dip-coating method, and their single gas transport properties were investigated. Successfully surface-modified GOs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of FGO loading on MMM morphology and performance was investigated by varying the FGO content in polymer matrix from 9 to 84 wt.%. Use of high FGO content in the polymer matrix helped to reveal difference in interaction of functionalized fillers with PIM-1 and even to discuss the change of FGO stiffness and filler alignment to the membrane surface depending on functional group nature.
Elvin M. Aliyev; Muntazim Munir Khan; Afig M. Nabiyev; Rasim M. Alosmanov; Irada A. Bunyad-Zadeh; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz. Covalently Modified Graphene Oxide and Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) in Mixed Matrix Thin-Film Composite Membranes. Nanoscale Research Letters 2018, 13, 359 .
AMA StyleElvin M. Aliyev, Muntazim Munir Khan, Afig M. Nabiyev, Rasim M. Alosmanov, Irada A. Bunyad-Zadeh, Sergey Shishatskiy, Volkan Filiz. Covalently Modified Graphene Oxide and Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) in Mixed Matrix Thin-Film Composite Membranes. Nanoscale Research Letters. 2018; 13 (1):359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElvin M. Aliyev; Muntazim Munir Khan; Afig M. Nabiyev; Rasim M. Alosmanov; Irada A. Bunyad-Zadeh; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz. 2018. "Covalently Modified Graphene Oxide and Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM-1) in Mixed Matrix Thin-Film Composite Membranes." Nanoscale Research Letters 13, no. 1: 359.
Three polyimides and six inorganic fillers in a form of nanometer-sized particles were studied as thick film solution cast mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for transport of CO2, CH4 and H2O. Gas transport properties and electron microscopy images indicate good polymer-filler compatibility for all membranes. The only filler type which demonstrated good distribution throughout the membrane thickness at 10 wt. % loading was BaCe0.2Zr0.7Y0.1O3 (BCZY). The influence of this filler on MMM gas transport properties was studied in detail for 6FDA-6FpDA in a filler content range from 1 to 20 wt.% and for Matrimid® and P84® at 10 wt. % loading. The most promising result was obtained for Matrimid® - 10wt% BCZY MMM, which showed improvement in CO2 and H2O permeabilities accompanied by increased CO2/CH4 selectivity and high water selective membrane at elevated temperatures without H2O/permanent gas selectivity loss.
Sara Escorihuela; Lucia Valero; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolastico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra. Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation. 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleSara Escorihuela, Lucia Valero, Alberto Tena, Sergey Shishatskiy, Sonia Escolastico, Torsten Brinkmann, Jose Manuel Serra. Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation. . 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Escorihuela; Lucia Valero; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolastico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra. 2018. "Study of the Effect of Inorganic Particles on the Gas Transport Properties of Glassy Polyimides for Selective CO2 and H2O Separation." , no. : 1.
In this work, the synthesis of novel polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) with different degrees of bromine substitution by a free‐radical substitution reaction was performed. The synthesized polymers were thoroughly characterized and their bromination degree was verified via nuclear magnetic resonance. The brominated PIMs were investigated by infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and density measurements and correlated with their gas transport properties. It was found that with an increase in the bromination degree, the synthesized PIMs exhibited a significant increase in polymer chain packing density which led to reduced fractional free volume and consequent decrease in gas diffusion and permeability coefficients. The change in permeability coefficients caused an improvement in the CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and O2/N2 ideal permeability selectivities. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018
Karabi Halder; Prokopios Georgopanos; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Volker Abetz. Investigation of gas transport and other physical properties in relation to the bromination degree of polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 2018, 56, 2752 -2761.
AMA StyleKarabi Halder, Prokopios Georgopanos, Sergey Shishatskiy, Volkan Filiz, Volker Abetz. Investigation of gas transport and other physical properties in relation to the bromination degree of polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 2018; 56 (24):2752-2761.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarabi Halder; Prokopios Georgopanos; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Volker Abetz. 2018. "Investigation of gas transport and other physical properties in relation to the bromination degree of polymers of intrinsic microporosity." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 56, no. 24: 2752-2761.
It is generally accepted that the melting point of a semicrystalline polymer is associated with the thickness of the crystalline lamellae (Gibbs-Thomson equation). In this study a commercially available multiblock copolymer PolyActive™ composed of 77 wt% of poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate) (PEGT) and 23 wt% of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) was dip coated on top of a multilayer microporous support. The thickness was changed between 0.2 – 8 μm using coating solutions containing 0.75 - 7.5 wt% PolyActive™. The surface temperature of the membrane during dip coating was monitored using an infrared camera. Single gas permeances of N2, H2, CH4 and CO2 were measured between 20 ºC and 80 ºC at temperature steps of 2 ºC. Spherulitic superstructures composed of radially directed lamellae were observed in the polarized light microscope in all of the prepared membranes. Atomic force microscopy studies showed that the thickness of the crystalline lamellae was in the order of 10 nm or 0.01 µm at the surface of the membrane. Therefore according to the Gibbs-Thomson equation the melting point should not change in the thickness range 0.2 – 8 µm. But the gas permeance data showed that the melting point of the polyether domains of the 0.2 µm PolyActiveTM layer was 10 ºC lower compared to that of the 8 µm layer. The results can be explained by considering that the width of many crystalline lamellae significantly reduce as a function of film thickness, thereby reducing the average fold surface free energy/lateral surface free energy ratio.
Mushfequr Rahman; Clarissa Abetz; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jaime Martin; Alejandro J. Müller; Volker Abetz. CO2 Selective PolyActive Membrane: Thermal Transitions and Gas Permeance as a Function of Thickness. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2018, 10, 26733 -26744.
AMA StyleMushfequr Rahman, Clarissa Abetz, Sergey Shishatskiy, Jaime Martin, Alejandro J. Müller, Volker Abetz. CO2 Selective PolyActive Membrane: Thermal Transitions and Gas Permeance as a Function of Thickness. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2018; 10 (31):26733-26744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMushfequr Rahman; Clarissa Abetz; Sergey Shishatskiy; Jaime Martin; Alejandro J. Müller; Volker Abetz. 2018. "CO2 Selective PolyActive Membrane: Thermal Transitions and Gas Permeance as a Function of Thickness." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 31: 26733-26744.
The PolyActive™ thin film composite membrane (TFCM) has already been successfully applied for CO2 separation tasks at feed pressures up to 10 bar. To investigate the applicability at higher pressures, measurements were undertaken with C2H4 containing gas mixtures with a composition comparable to the product stream of the oxidative coupling of methane process, as well as single gases up to a feed pressure of 30 bar. Furthermore, the permeances of the conducted gas mixture experiments were simulated. The results show a strong swelling influence of CO2 on the used membrane depending on the CO2 fugacity. This swelling effect leads to a pronounced decrease in selectivity. The observed membrane behavior at high pressures could not be predicted by the Free Volume Model (FVM). Two different simulations were conducted: one based on parameters calculated from single gas data measured at pressures up to 2 bar; and a second based on parameters calculated from single gas data measured at pressures from 2 to 30 bar. The two simulations differ in their prediction accuracy. However, they confirm that it is possible to predict the measured permeances in the pressure range up to an average CO2 fugacity of 6 bar.
Karina Schuldt; Jan Pohlmann; Sergey Shishatskiy; Torsten Brinkmann. Applicability of PolyActive™ Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation from C2H4 Containing Multi-Component Gas Mixtures at Pressures up to 30 Bar. Membranes 2018, 8, 27 .
AMA StyleKarina Schuldt, Jan Pohlmann, Sergey Shishatskiy, Torsten Brinkmann. Applicability of PolyActive™ Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation from C2H4 Containing Multi-Component Gas Mixtures at Pressures up to 30 Bar. Membranes. 2018; 8 (2):27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarina Schuldt; Jan Pohlmann; Sergey Shishatskiy; Torsten Brinkmann. 2018. "Applicability of PolyActive™ Thin Film Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation from C2H4 Containing Multi-Component Gas Mixtures at Pressures up to 30 Bar." Membranes 8, no. 2: 27.
Aromatic polyimides containing different ratios of ortho-hydroxy to ortho-allyloxy units were prepared and thermally rearranged.
David Meis; Alberto Tena; Silvio Neumann; Prokopios Georgopanos; Thomas Emmler; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sofia Rangou; Volkan Filiz; Volker Abetz. Thermal rearrangement of ortho-allyloxypolyimide membranes and the effect of the degree of functionalization. Polymer Chemistry 2018, 9, 3987 -3999.
AMA StyleDavid Meis, Alberto Tena, Silvio Neumann, Prokopios Georgopanos, Thomas Emmler, Sergey Shishatskiy, Sofia Rangou, Volkan Filiz, Volker Abetz. Thermal rearrangement of ortho-allyloxypolyimide membranes and the effect of the degree of functionalization. Polymer Chemistry. 2018; 9 (29):3987-3999.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Meis; Alberto Tena; Silvio Neumann; Prokopios Georgopanos; Thomas Emmler; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sofia Rangou; Volkan Filiz; Volker Abetz. 2018. "Thermal rearrangement of ortho-allyloxypolyimide membranes and the effect of the degree of functionalization." Polymer Chemistry 9, no. 29: 3987-3999.
Novel selective ceramic-supported thin polyimide films produced in a single dip coating step are proposed for membrane applications at elevated temperatures. Layers of the polyimides P84®, Matrimid 5218®, and 6FDA-6FpDA were successfully deposited onto porous alumina supports. In order to tackle the poor compatibility between ceramic support and polymer, and to get defect-free thin films, the effect of the viscosity of the polymer solution was studied, giving the entanglement concentration (C*) for each polymer. The C* values were 3.09 wt. % for the 6FDA-6FpDA, 3.52 wt. % for Matrimid®, and 4.30 wt. % for P84®. A minimum polymer solution concentration necessary for defect-free film formation was found for each polymer, with the inverse order to the intrinsic viscosities (P84® ≥ Matrimid® >> 6FDA-6FpDA). The effect of the temperature on the permeance of prepared membranes was studied for H2, CH4, N2, O2, and CO2. As expected, activation energy of permeance for hydrogen was higher than for CO2, resulting in H2/CO2 selectivity increase with temperature. More densely packed polymers lead to materials that are more selective at elevated temperatures.
Sara Escorihuela; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolástico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra; Volker Abetz. Gas Separation Properties of Polyimide Thin Films on Ceramic Supports for High Temperature Applications. Membranes 2018, 8, 16 .
AMA StyleSara Escorihuela, Alberto Tena, Sergey Shishatskiy, Sonia Escolástico, Torsten Brinkmann, Jose Manuel Serra, Volker Abetz. Gas Separation Properties of Polyimide Thin Films on Ceramic Supports for High Temperature Applications. Membranes. 2018; 8 (1):16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSara Escorihuela; Alberto Tena; Sergey Shishatskiy; Sonia Escolástico; Torsten Brinkmann; Jose Manuel Serra; Volker Abetz. 2018. "Gas Separation Properties of Polyimide Thin Films on Ceramic Supports for High Temperature Applications." Membranes 8, no. 1: 16.
The poly(ethylene glycol)-based benzoxazine polymers were synthesized via a polycondensation reaction between Bisphenol-A, paraformaldehyde, and poly(ether diamine)/(Jeffamine®). The structures of the polymers were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), indicating the presence of a cyclic benzoxazine ring. The polymer solutions were casted on the glass plate and cross-linked via thermal treatment to produce tough and flexible films without using any external additives. Thermal properties and the crosslinking behaviour of these polymers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single gas (H2, O2, N2, CO2, and CH4) transport properties of the crosslinked polymeric membranes were measured by the time-lag method. The crosslinked PEG-based polybenzoxazine membranes show improved selectivities for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas pairs. The good separation selectivities of these PEG-based polybenzoxazine materials suggest their utility as efficient thin film composite membranes for gas and liquid membrane separation technology.
Muntazim Munir Khan; Karabi Halder; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz. Synthesis and Crosslinking of Polyether-Based Main Chain Benzoxazine Polymers and Their Gas Separation Performance. Polymers 2018, 10, 221 .
AMA StyleMuntazim Munir Khan, Karabi Halder, Sergey Shishatskiy, Volkan Filiz. Synthesis and Crosslinking of Polyether-Based Main Chain Benzoxazine Polymers and Their Gas Separation Performance. Polymers. 2018; 10 (2):221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuntazim Munir Khan; Karabi Halder; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz. 2018. "Synthesis and Crosslinking of Polyether-Based Main Chain Benzoxazine Polymers and Their Gas Separation Performance." Polymers 10, no. 2: 221.
In this work, mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) for gas separation in the form of thick films were prepared via the combination of the polymer Matrimid® 5218 and activated carbons (AC). The AC particles had a mean particle size of 1.5 μm and a mean pore diameter of 1.9 nm. The films were prepared by slow solvent evaporation from casting solutions in chloroform, which had a varying polymer–AC ratio. It was possible to produce stable films with up to a content of 50 vol % of AC. Thorough characterization experiments were accomplished via differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, while the morphology of the MMMs was also investigated via scanning electron microscopy. The gas transport properties were revealed by employing time-lag measurements for different pure gases as well as sorption balance experiments for the filler particles. It was found that defect free Matrimid® MMMs with AC were prepared and the increase of the filler content led to a higher effective permeability for different gases. The single gas selectivity αij of different gas pairs maintained stable values with the increase of AC content, regardless of the steep increase in the effective permeability of the pure gases. Estimation of the solubilities and the diffusivities of the Matrimid®, AC, and MMMs allowed for the explanation of the increasing permeabilities of the MMMs, with the increase of AC content by modelling.
Fynn Weigelt; Prokopios Georgopanos; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Torsten Brinkmann; Volker Abetz. Development and Characterization of Defect-Free Matrimid® Mixed-Matrix Membranes Containing Activated Carbon Particles for Gas Separation. Polymers 2018, 10, 51 .
AMA StyleFynn Weigelt, Prokopios Georgopanos, Sergey Shishatskiy, Volkan Filiz, Torsten Brinkmann, Volker Abetz. Development and Characterization of Defect-Free Matrimid® Mixed-Matrix Membranes Containing Activated Carbon Particles for Gas Separation. Polymers. 2018; 10 (1):51.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFynn Weigelt; Prokopios Georgopanos; Sergey Shishatskiy; Volkan Filiz; Torsten Brinkmann; Volker Abetz. 2018. "Development and Characterization of Defect-Free Matrimid® Mixed-Matrix Membranes Containing Activated Carbon Particles for Gas Separation." Polymers 10, no. 1: 51.