The establishment of a new type of natural protected area system with national parks as the main body is an inevitable trend of current development, and it is also an important ways to build a more beautiful China. During tourist visits, the national park will promote a variety of ways to enhance the ecological values of tourists. Ecological values can strengthen tourists’ sense of identity, but their impact on tourists’ pro-environmental behavior is not discussed. Based on this, Wuyishan National Park, a world natural and cultural heritage, is selected as the case site, and the PLS-SEM analysis method is used. An empirical test was conducted on 358 valid samples collected in the field. The results show the following: (1) tourists’ ecological values and place identity can positively affect their pro-environmental behaviors; (2) place identity plays a mediating role between ecological values and tourists’ pro-environmental behavior; (3) place dependence and place identity play a chain mediating role between ecological values and tourists’ pro-environmental behavior; (4) according to the PLS-MGA test, gender and age can play a moderating role on the influence of ecological values on pro-environmental behavior. Therefore, the managers of national parks should pay attention to the cultivation of ecological values and consider tourist attraction, as well as formulating marketing strategies and other policy suggestions according to the different characteristics of tourists. The findings of this study offer both practical guidance and a theoretical underpinning for advancing ecological tourism within the framework of natural protected areas, with national parks playing a central role.

The realization of the value of ecological products has led to an economic means for reducing carbon emissions in China. Tea is one of the most important cash crops and one of the most popular beverages in the world. Due to the complex the tea industrial chain, it is considered to be an industry with high carbon emissions. Ecological tea products with low-carbon attributes can be considered a linkage of ecology, economy, and society. Based on this, this paper presents research on low-carbon ecological tea (LCT). Herein, we construct the formational logic of low-carbon ecological products, explore the connotations of LCT, and form a conceptual pathway for realizing LCT to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. This paper starts from the upstream, midstream, and downstream of the industrial chain; it establishes three value realization pathways that keep, as a priority, the promotion of ecological industrialization, focus on restoration to improve the ecology of the industrial chain, and innovate technology to expand the industrial chain. The pathways are a set of low-emission production solutions that use techniques to enhance carbon sequestration in soil, reduce the use of fertilizers and pesticides, and help shift to clean energy from low-emission sources in the stages of plantation, processing, and distribution. In the process of realizing LCT, the government plays an important role, and its support and guidance are needed. Based on stakeholder theory, this paper builds an implementation mechanism that focuses on the micro perspective (users, organizations), integrates the mesoscopic perspective (industry), and relies on the macro perspective (government).

This study aims to explore the influence of spatial functional differences on the overall relationship between soundscape and visual landscape in the context of historical blocks and then propose design guidelines for audiovisual elements. Audiovisual stimulus materials were collected from 11 representative locations in typical urban historical blocks along the southeast coast of China and classified into residential, cultural leisure, and commercial spaces based on their primary function, activity, and visual environment characteristics. An evaluation environment was created in the laboratory using virtual reality technology, and a subjective evaluation questionnaire was administered to 71 volunteers regarding the perception of audiovisual elements and the evaluation of the overall environment. Structural equation modeling was used to elucidate the relationships between sound source perception, soundscape perception, visual landscape satisfaction, and overall harmony of the environment and to compare the effects of functional differences at different locations on the overall relationships. The results show significant differences in the types of perceived sound sources at different functional locations, which makes the sound sources affecting soundscape perception and visual landscape satisfaction different. Residential space is mainly affected by artificial sound and mechanical noise; in cultural and leisure spaces, all three types of sound sources have a significant impact, and only natural sound has enhanced subjective perception; the impact of artificial sound in commercial space is crucial. In addition, visual landscape satisfaction should be prioritized over soundscape pleasure to enhance the overall harmony of the environment. In residential and commercial spaces, reducing artificial and mechanical noise can effectively enhance the harmony of the environment; in cultural and leisure areas, reducing artificial sounds and increasing natural sounds or historical landscape elements can enhance the overall harmony of the environment. The results of this paper provide empirical evidence for understanding the overall relationship between soundscape factors in urban contexts and suggest that place function should be considered an important context when designing soundscapes.

Heritage tourism related to sports events is widely recognized as a new paradigm of integration between culture, sports, and tourism. By combining sports events with world heritage sites, it attracts more tourists to pay attention to world heritage, serving as an important practice for the protection and sustainable development of world cultural heritage. However, the academic community still lacks discussions on its composition and impact effects. This study, based on the event of the 2022 Yongding Tulou Marathon in Fujian, constructs a multiple impact model of sports event events on tourist loyalty to heritage sites, integrating social and market perspectives. It follows the logic of “recognition-emotion-behavior” and uses PLS-SEM for empirical testing. PLS-MGA is conducted based on tourist demographic characteristics to explore the impact of different consumer group characteristics on the influencing paths. The results show: (1) The image of sports events is an important factor affecting tourist loyalty and the image of heritage sites, but it is difficult to directly influence tourists’ sense of place attachment; (2) The image of heritage is more deeply rooted in the heart, prompting tourists to develop loyalty and attachment to the heritage site, while attachment can also directly stimulate tourist loyalty; (3) The image of sports events can enhance the cognitive image of heritage through positive tourist experiences, thereby improving tourist loyalty to the heritage site. Additionally, the image of sports events can also stimulate tourists’ heritage image and sense of place attachment, ultimately strengthening loyalty to the heritage site; (4) Demographic variables such as gender, age, frequency of participation, and monthly running distance are key factors affecting the mechanism through which the image of sports events influences destination loyalty. The research findings not only reveal the theoretical process of how the image of event events influences multiple behaviors of tourists at heritage sites but also provide a comprehensive perspective and methodological tools for the study of sustainable development of world heritage sites. They also offer theoretical references for managers to effectively leverage the positive effects of developing sports tourism projects in heritage tourism destinations.

Forestry heritage tourism can spread the ecological concept of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, and it is a nature-based solution to climate change. However, how tourists are guided to form an emotional identity and how their attention to climate change issues can be stimulated continuously remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we selected the Wuyi Mountain Forestry Heritage Site as our study site and employed PLS-SEM to analyze the responses of 384 tourists, thereby examining the underlying mechanism linking their perceptions of climate change to carbon offset behaviors within forestry heritage sites. The results showed the following: Perceptions of climate change had a positive and significant impact on carbon offset behavior (β = 0.310, p < 0.001), ecological identity had a positive and significant impact on carbon offset behavior (β = 0.375, p < 0.001), and the sense of environmental responsibility had a positive and significant impact on carbon offset behavior (β = 0.226, p < 0.01). At the same time, ecological identity and environmental responsibility play an intermediary role, and the impact of climate change perception on the carbon offset behavior of tourists at forestry heritage sites is moderated by tourists’ health attitudes. In addition, gender, age, and educational background have an impact on the process of carbon-offsetting behavior development at forestry heritage sites. This research further clarifies the internal logic of tourists’ carbon offset behavior in the context of heritage tourism, helps to enrich the theoretical system of Nbs and heritage tourism research, and provides a feasible reference for the realization of the SDGs.

In the era of the experience economy, the tourist experience has become a key factor in the development of tourist destinations. Unlike traditional sightseeing experiences, tourism cultural experiences allow for engagement in cultural activities at the destination, thereby fostering a deeper emotional connection with the local community, which subsequently influences tourists’ citizenship behavior. The “Village Basketball League” in Taijiang County, Guizhou Province is characterized as a form of tourism cultural experience with high integration and strong involvement. This study presents the “Village Basketball League” in Taijiang County as a case study. Grounded in SOR (Stimuli-Organism-Response) theory and involvement theory, this study explores the influencing factors of tourist citizenship behaviors from the perspective of the integration of culture and sports and constructs a structural equation model that includes tourism cultural experience, tourists’ involvement, flow experience, and tourist citizenship behaviors. Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS 4.0 on questionnaires completed by 314 tourists. The results indicate that: (1) The tourism cultural experience positively affects tourist feedback behaviors, tourist recommendation behaviors, and flow experience; (2) Flow experience positively influences tourist feedback behaviors and recommendation behaviors; (3) Flow experience serves as a mediator between the tourism cultural experience and both tourist feedback behaviors and tourist recommendation behaviors; (4) Tourists’ involvement negatively moderates the predictive effect of tourism cultural experience on flow experience. The research findings offer valuable insights for decision-making regarding the development of tourism destinations and offer guidance for tourism development and management.