In this paper, a thermal performance assessment of traditional building constructions and configurations in various Moroccan climates is carried out. This research focuses on enhancing conventional energy efficiency of buildings by investigating the thermal behavior of single clay walls, double clay walls, simple brick walls, and double brick walls based on long-term meteorological data using TRNSYS software. The roof pitch, thermal comfort and discomfort index, and building energy consumption are considered while selecting buildings for each temperature zone. It is noticed that the double brick construction is more efficient in all climatic zones of Morocco. Thus, this material reduces the yearly energy requirement of building by 22% to 25% compared to the usual brick building. On the coldest winter days, a 30° south-facing roof raises the internal temperature by 2.5 °C compared to a horizontal roof. Temperature increases could reduce the air conditioning energy usage by 7% to 32% and overcooling hours by 12% to 21% in cities above 30° N. In addition, the findings are interesting enough to inspire individuals to implement the recommended construction design and study energy efficiency and thermal comfort in Moroccan buildings. Consequently, reducing energy consumption, mitigating climate change, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

In this study, the thermal behaviour of insulating building walls and energy savings were determined in Er-Rachidia, located in south-east Morocco. Specifically, the study evaluates the effectiveness of clay-based insulation materials reinforced with palm leaves pinnate (PLP) and clay and palm trunk (PT). The results indicate that a 4 cm thick clay insulation material reinforced with PLP increases the winter temperature by 1°C and decreases it by 0.9°C in summer compared to room temperature. Furthermore, it demonstrates a remarkable 33% reduction in heating consumption and a 44% reduction in air-conditioning consumption, leading to an overall 35% reduction in total energy consumption. In contrast, the clay and PT reinforced clay insulation materials exhibit a 16% and 21% reduction in energy consumption, respectively.