The increasing prevalence of prediabetes globally does not bode well for the growing epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. Yet there is a lack of studies regarding lifestyle patterns (LPs) and their association with prediabetes. The present study aimed to examine the association of different LPs with the existence of prediabetes in adults from families at high risk for T2D in Europe. In total, 2759 adults (66.3% females) from six European countries were included in this cross-sectional analysis using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes study. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, dietary and behavioral data were assessed, and fasting blood glucose measurements were also obtained. LPs were derived via principal component analysis. Two LPs were derived, explaining 32% of the total variation. LP 1 was characterized by breakfast consumption, high consumption of fruits and berries, vegetables and nuts and seeds, and low consumption of salty snacks and soft drinks with sugar, while LP 2 was characterized by high consumption of salty and sweet snacks, soft drinks with sugar and juice with sugar and sedentary behavior. After adjusting for various confounders, LP 2 was positively associated with the existence of prediabetes (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04), while LP 1 was not significantly associated with prediabetes. Understanding LPs would provide necessary evidence for planning intervention and education strategies for prediabetes and T2D.

Maternal weight-status at various time-points may influence child obesity development, however the most critical time-point remains unidentified. We used data from the Healthy Growth Study, a cross-sectional study of 2666 Greek schoolchildren aged 9–13 years, exploring associations between childhood obesity and maternal weight-status at pre-pregnancy, during pregnancy/gestational weight gain, and at the child’s pre-adolescence. Logistic regression analyses examined associations between maternal weight-status being “below” or “above” the recommended cut-off points (WHO BMI thresholds or IOM cut-off points), at the three time-points, individually or combined into weight-status trajectory groups to determine the strongest associations with child obesity in pre-adolescence. Adjusted models found significant associations and the highest odds ratios [95% Confidence Intervals] for mothers affected by obesity before pregnancy (4.16 [2.47, 7.02]), those with excessive gestational weight gain during pregnancy (1.50 [1.08, 2.08]), and those affected by obesity at their child’s pre-adolescence (3.3 [2.29, 4.87]). When combining these weight-status groups, mothers who were above–above–below (3.24 [1.10, 9.55]), and above–above–above (3.07 [1.95, 4.85]) the healthy weight recommendation-based thresholds in each time-point, had a three-fold higher likelihood of child obesity, compared to the below–below–below trajectory group. Maternal obesity across all examined time-points was significantly associated with childhood obesity. Effective childhood obesity preventive initiatives should commence at pre-conception, targeting maternal weight throughout the life-course and childhood developmental stages.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of body mass index (BMI) underreporting in adults from families at high risk for type 2 diabetes in Europe. Subject and methods: In total, 3169 adults (65.3% females) from six European countries were included in this cross-sectional analysis using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes study. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, dietary, and behavioral data were assessed, and underreporting of BMI was calculated. Results: Underreporting of BMI ranged from 20% to 84%. Women were 1.27 times more likely to underreport their BMI than men (p = 0.01), while participants from Southeastern Europe were 1.52 times more likely to underreport their BMI than those residing in Central/Northern Europe (p < 0.001). Furthermore, participants with BMI > 25 kg/m² and those with waist circumference (WC) ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men were 3.4 and 2.6 times more likely to underreport their BMI, respectively (p < 0.001). Regarding the clinical status of the participants, the existence of (pre)diabetes, hypertension (HTN), and metabolic syndrome (MS) was also associated with underreporting of BMI. More specifically, participants with (pre)diabetes, HTN, and MS were 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 times more likely to be under-reporters (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Given the increasing global rates of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), having a more precise estimation of obesity is crucial in order to develop effective public health policies that promote obesity prevention and contribute to the battle against obesity and NCDs.

This study examines behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used in interventions delivered to women with breast cancer or survivors of breast cancer. We aimed to identify BCTs that are consistently used in interventions, particularly those supported by evidence across three outcomes: nutrition behaviour, physical activity, and body weight. A meta-review (preregistered in PROSPERO; #CRD42024521376) was conducted, integrating evidence from systematic, scoping, and pragmatic reviews. Ten databases were searched using ASReviews software and manual searches; 37 reviews were included. The ROBIS tool was applied to assess the bias risk. BCTs were considered supported if ≥3 reviews provided evidence of their effectiveness, with ≥60% of original studies showing a significant improvement in respective outcomes. Analyses indicated that 24 BCTs influenced either single or combined behaviours. In the case of 14 out of these 24 BCTs, existing evidence supported effectiveness for one outcome only: physical activity. Six techniques were effective across all outcomes (healthy nutrition, physical activity, and healthy body mass): goal setting, problem solving, action planning, reviewing goals, social rewards, and positive self-talk. The findings may guide the development of interventions targeting complex, multi-behaviour changes among women with breast cancer and survivors of breast cancer.

In total, 3274 adults (65.2% females) from six European countries were included in this cross-sectional analysis using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes study. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, dietary and behavioral data were assessed, and the existence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was recorded. Beverage consumption patterns (BCPs) were derived via principal component analysis. Three BCPs were derived explaining 39.5% of the total variation. BCP1 was labeled as “Alcoholic beverage pattern”, which loaded heavily on high consumption of beer/cider, wine and other spirits; BCP2 was labeled as “High in sugars beverage pattern” that was mainly characterized by high consumption of soft drinks with sugar, juice containing sugar and low consumption of water; and BCP3 was labeled as “Healthy beverage pattern” that was mainly characterized by high consumption of water, tea, fruit juice freshly squeezed or prepacked without sugar and low consumption of soft drinks without sugar. After adjusting for various confounders, BCP2 was positively associated with elevated triglycerides (p = 0.001), elevated blood pressure (p = 0.001) elevated fasting glucose (p = 0.008) and the existence of MetS (p = 0.006), while BCP1 was inversely associated with reduced HDL-C (p = 0.005) and BCP3 was inversely associated with elevated blood pressure (p = 0.047). The establishment of policy actions as well as public health nutritional education can contribute to the promotion of a healthy beverage consumption.