Background and Objectives: Patients who survive severe COVID-19 require significant pulmonary rehabilitation. Heart rate (HR) has been used as a safety variable in the evaluation of the results of interventions in patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation. The aim of this research was to analyse HR during a pulmonary rehabilitation program in post-severe COVID-19 patients who survived mechanical ventilation (MV). The study includes the initial and final evaluations and aerobic training sessions. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (58 ± 13 years, 11 men) were trained for 8 weeks. A 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) was performed and, subsequently, a supervised and individualised training plan was created. Resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate recovery (HRR), heart rate at minute 6 (HR6 min) and the product of HR6 min and systolic blood pressure (HR6 min^xSBP) were measured at 6 MWT. In addition, HR was measured at each training session. Results: After 8 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation, patients decreased their RHR from 81.95 ± 9.36 to 73.60 ± 9.82 beats/min (p < 0.001) and significantly increased their HRR from 12.45 ± 10.22 to 20.55 ± 7.33 beats/min (p = 0.005). HR6 min presented a significant relationship with walking speed and walked distance after the pulmonary rehabilitation period (r = 0.555, p = 0.011 and r = 0.613, p = 0.011, respectively). HR6 min^xSBP presented a significant relationship with walking speed and walked distance after training (r = 0.538, p = 0.014 and r = 0.568, p = 0.008, respectively). In the pulmonary rehabilitation sessions, a significant decrease in HR was observed at minutes 1, 6 and 15 (p < 0.05) between sessions 1 and 6 and at minute 1 between sessions 1 and 12. Conclusions: Eight weeks of individualised and supervised pulmonary rehabilitation were effective in improving RHR and HRR in COVID-19 patients surviving MV. HR is an easily accessible indicator that could help to monitor the evaluation and development of a pulmonary rehabilitation program in COVID-19 patients who survived MV.

En la actualidad la obesidad es considerada como una pandemia, además de los cambios metabólicos ya sabidos, se producen alteraciones estructurales como las generadas en el sistema ventilatorio. Sin embargo, se ha observado que dependiendo de la forma de categorización de esta condición, puede o no existir alteración sobre este sistema generando así una complicación al momento de la elección de esta herramienta. Por lo tanto el objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar parámetros de la función pulmonar en individuos obesos (O) y normo-peso (Np) según índice de masa corporal (IMC) y porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC). Se midió la función ventilatoria en 57 participantes, posteriormente estas variables se contrastaron entre los sujetos normo-peso (Np) y obesos (O) según IMC y PGC. Se observó un aumento significativo en el valor de la capacidad inspiratoria (CI) de O versus Np y del volumen de reserva espiratoria (VRE) y capacidad residual funcional (CRF) de Np en relación a O, tanto para la división por IMC como por PGC, en el grupo dividido por IMC las variables de resistencia especifica de las vías aéreas (sRaw) y presión inspiratoria máxima (PImáx) fueron significativamente mayor en los participantes O, asimismo, la conductancia específica de las vías aéreas (sGaw) fue significativamente mayor en sujetos Np. En conclusión, el IMC mostró mayor versatilidad como predictor de la función ventilatoria, sin embargo, se necesitan mayores estudios de los efectos mecánicos de este indicador y del PGC sobre las vías aéreas.

Introduction Patients who suffered severe COVID-19 need pulmonary rehabilitation. Training may be prescribed objectively based on the maximum speed in the six-minute walk test. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a personalized pulmonary rehabilitation program based on the six-minute walk test speed for post-COVID-19 patients. Methods Observational quasi-experimental study. The pulmonary rehabilitation program consisted of 8 weeks of training, twice a week for 60 minutes per session of supervised exercise. Additionally, the patients carried out home respiratory training. Patients were evaluated by exercise test, spirometry and the Fatigue Assessment Scale before and after the eight-week pulmonary rehabilitation program. Results After the pulmonary rehabilitation program, forced vital capacity increased from 2.47 +/- 0.60 to 3.06 +/- 0.77 L (p < .001) and the six-minute walk test result increased from 363.50 +/- 88.87 to 480.9 +/- 59.25 m (p < .001). In fatigue perception, a significant decrease was observed, from 24.92 +/- 7.01 to 19.10 +/- 7.07 points (p < .01). Isotime evaluation of the Incremental Test and the Continuous Test showed a significant reduction in heart rate, dyspnoea and fatigue. Conclusion The eight-week personalized pulmonary rehabilitation program prescribed on the basis of the six-minute walk test speed improved respiratory function, fatigue perception and the six-minute walk test result in post-COVID-19 patients. KEY MESSAGES COVID-19 is a multisystem disease with common complications affecting the respiratory, cardiac and musculoskeletal systems. The 6MWT speed-based training plan allowed for increased speed and incline during the eight-week RP program. Aerobic, strength and flexibility training reduced HR, dyspnoea and fatigue in severe post-COVID-19 patients.

En kinesiología es escasa la cantidad de trabajos que reportan experiencias referidas a la articulación entre metodologías e instrumentos de evaluación como garantes de coherencia. Buena parte de los rediseños curriculares se instalan con base precisamente a la optimización de los aprendizajes en un contexto de propuestas metodológicas más pertinentes al logro de competencias. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si un proceso de rediseño curricular permite el alineamiento constructivo de metodologías con instrumentos de evaluación. Para lo cual, se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal cuantitativo mediante encuesta, en el que participaron 19 coordinadores de módulos rediseñados contestando la proforma. Del 100% de interacciones entre los distintos niveles taxonómicos, el 6,57% no mostró articulación, mientras que el 44,7% se ubicó en al menos un nivel, fuese metodología o evaluación, sin embargo, el 48,68% logró exhibir coherencia entre método y evaluación. Se observó además, que el Hito Evaluativo presenta las mayores interacciones en los niveles taxonómicos de demostrar y hacer. Así el rediseño curricular, permite articular la didáctica en un porcentaje que requiere mayor investigación para validar sus aportes.

To assess ventilatory evolution through the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index (VWKI) in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during stability and exacerbation. Retrospective analysis. Conducted at the Padre Alberto Hurtado Hospital, Santiago, Chile. Ten patients with asthma and fifty-five with COPD participated. Sixty-five clinical records were reviewed. The VWKI in stability and exacerbation of these patients was extracted. When analyzing the baseline with the peak in both asthma and COPD, there was a significant increase in the VWKI. Similarly, the loads, translations, and supports significantly increased from the baseline to the peak. However, in the loads, there were no changes in airway resistance for asthma or in cough for COPD. Likewise, the supports for asthma and COPD showed no changes in the O₂. The VWKI determined ventilatory issues in outpatients and made locating the greatest compromise in loads, translations, or supports possible.

Introduction: The pandemic left formative sequelae that led teachers to adopt various strategies and tools to mitigate its effects. Among the computer and information technologies (ICT) used remotely as support, the podcast stood out as a chosen resource for teaching professional reasoning, and it is unknown to what extent it is truly relevant and aligned with educational objectives upon returning to face-to-face learning. Methods: Four teachers explored the possibility of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to evaluate the potential of the podcast as a resource in professional reasoning training. For this purpose, they employed open-ended questions to the AI model available and free from OpenAI, known as Chat GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer version 3.5). Results: The texts provided by Chat GPT revealed that the synergy between the podcast and AI can be feedback for the learning process of professional reasoning in the post-pandemic period. The obtained results included descriptive and comparative tables, showing how Chat GPT provided feedback on methodological strategies and evaluation instruments related to the use of model human movement function-dysfunction (MHMFD) as a resource for learning professional reasoning. Conclusion: AI can be a support to the podcast, providing updated feedback when requested to limit its analysis to the reasoning model of human MHMFD.