The anaesthetic records of 1525 dogs were examined to determine the prevalence of postanaesthetic hypothermia, its clinical predictors and consequences. Temperature was recorded throughout the anaesthesia. At the end of the procedure, details coded in were: hyperthermia (>39.50°C), normothermia (38.50°C–39.50°C), slight (38.49°C–36.50°C), moderate (36.49°C–34.00°C) and severe hypothermia (<34.00°C). Statistical analysis consisted of multiple regression to identify the factors that are associated with the temperature at the end of the procedure. Before premedication, the temperature was 38.7 ± 0.6°C (mean ± sd). At 60, 120 and 180 minutes from induction, the temperature was 36.7 ± 1.3°C, 36.1 ± 1.4°C and 35.8 ± 1.5°C, respectively. The prevalence of hypothermia was: slight, 51.5 per cent (95 per cent CI 49.0 to 54.0 per cent); moderate, 29.3 per cent (27.1–31.7 per cent) and severe: 2.8% (2.0–3.7%). The variables that associated with a decrease in the temperature recorded at the end of the anaesthesia were: duration of the preanesthetic time, duration of the anaesthesia, physical condition (ASA III and ASA IV dogs showed lower temperatures than ASA I dogs), the reason for anaesthesia (anaesthesia for diagnostic procedures or thoracic surgery reduce the temperature when compared with minor procedures), and the recumbency during the procedure (sternal and dorsal recumbencies showed lower temperatures than lateral recumbency). The temperature before premedication and the body surface (BS) were associated with a higher temperature at the end of the anaesthesia, and would be considered as protective factors.

A retrospective study of 275 anaesthetic records of cats was undertaken to examine the prevalence of postanaesthetic hypothermia, its clinical predictors and consequences. Temperature was recorded throughout anaesthesia. The temperature reached at the end was classified as hyperthermia (>39.50°C), normothermia (38.50 to 39.50°C), slight hypothermia (38.49 to 36.50°C), moderate hypothermia (36.49 to 34.00°C) or severe hypothermia (<34.00°C). Statistical analysis consisted of multiple regression to identify the factors that affect the temperature at the end of the procedure. Before premedication, the mean (sd) temperature was 38.2 (1.0)°C. At 60, 120 and 180 minutes from induction, the temperature was 35.4 (1.4)°C, 35.0 (1.5)°C and 34.6 (1.5)°C, respectively. The prevalence of hypothermia was slight 26.5 per cent (95 per cent CI 21.7 to 32.0 per cent), moderate 60.4 per cent (95 per cent CI 54.5 to 66.0 per cent) and severe 10.5 per cent (95 per cent CI 7.4 to 14.7 per cent). The variables associated with a decrease in the temperature recorded at the end of anaesthesia were the duration of anaesthesia, the reason for anaesthesia (abdominal and orthopaedic surgeries significantly reduced the temperature when compared with minor procedures) and the anaesthetic risk (high‐risk cats showed lower temperatures than low‐risk cats). The temperature before premedication was associated with an increase in the final temperature.

Hematological inflammatory ratios such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), and systemic inflammatory index (SII) have recently demonstrated prognostic value in acute inflammatory diseases, neoplastic conditions, hepatic and gastrointestinal pathologies, as well as acting as biomarkers for the early detection of tumors and cardiorespiratory diseases. In addition, they can be easily calculated and have no additional cost. The purpose of this study was to establish reference ranges for these ratios in the canine population, thereby providing support for clinical practice. Data was collected from previous studies. The dogs included in the study had to have anamnesis and physical examination without abnormalities and within reference limits in laboratory results. A total of 156 samples were included and divided by sex and age. The following reference intervals were established: 1.3–7.1 for NLR; 0.1–0.3 for MLR; 40.4–271.1 for PLR, and 224.6–2191.7 for SII. Statistical significant difference was found between sexes and NLR, with males showing a higher ratio than females. Regarding age, statistical significance was found between juveniles and senior dogs for NLR. PLR and SII showed higher ratios in senior dogs compared to adults and juveniles. This study may serve as a guide in clinical practice for the interpretation of hematological inflammatory ratios.

The use of omeprazole as a preventive treatment for gastrointestinal ulcers in veterinary medicine has been questioned during previous years. The aim of the present study is to assess the long-term effect of omeprazole on cobalamin and serum gastrin levels in healthy dogs. Eighteen healthy dogs were included: 10 in the control group and 8 in the omeprazole group. Three samples were collected: before starting the treatment (T₀), 30 days after the start of treatment (T₁), and at 60 days (T₂). The mean cobalamin value (ng/L) in the control group was 481.4 (±293.70) at T₀, 481.4 (±170.21) at T₁, and 513.2 (±174.50) at T₂. In the omeprazole group, the values were 424.62 (±161.57) at T₀, 454.5 (±160.96) at T₁, and 414.87 (±127.90) at T₂. No statistically significant changes were detected in cobalamin levels between the three-time period in both study groups. These results agree with previous findings in felines but contrast with human medicine studies. The median gastrin values (pg/mL) in the control group were 62.45 [30.17–218.75] at T₀, 76.06 [30.67–199.87] at T₁, and 63.02 [35.81–176.06] at T₂. The median gastrin value in the omeprazole group was 67.59 [55.96–101.60] at T₀, 191.77 [75.31–1901.77] at T₁, and 128.16 [43.62–1066.46] at T₂. Statistically significant differences were detected (p = 0.008), indicating an increase in gastrin levels after initiating treatment with omeprazole. In conclusion, the increased levels of gastrin observed in this population underscore the importance of conducting a comprehensive clinical assessment to identify potential gastrointestinal disorders, particularly in consideration of the usage of omeprazole as a preventive treatment.