Neural microelectrode is the important bridge of information exchange between the human body and machines. By recording and transmitting nerve signals with electrodes, people can control the external machines. At the same time, using electrodes to electrically stimulate nerve tissue, people with long-term brain diseases will be safely and reliably treated. Young’s modulus of the traditional rigid electrode probe is not matched well with that of biological tissue, and tissue immune rejection is easy to generate, resulting in the electrode not being able to achieve long-term safety and reliable working. In recent years, the choice of flexible materials and design of electrode structures can achieve modulus matching between electrode and biological tissue, and tissue damage is decreased. This review discusses nerve microelectrodes based on flexible electrode materials and substrate materials. Simultaneously, different structural designs of neural microelectrodes are reviewed. However, flexible electrode probes are difficult to implant into the brain. Only with the aid of certain auxiliary devices, can the implant be safe and reliable. The implantation method of the nerve microelectrode is also reviewed.

Color quick response (QR) code is an important direction for the future development of QR code, which has become a research hotspot due to the additional functional characteristics of its colors as the wide application of QR code technology. The existing color QR code has solved the problem of information storage capacity, but it requires an enormous hardware and software support system, making how to achieve its direct readability an urgent issue. This paper proposes a novel color QR code that combines multiple types of different identification information. This code combines multiplexing and color-coding technology to present the publicly encoded information (such as advertisements, public query information) as plain code, and traceability, blockchain, anti-counterfeiting authentication and other information concealed in the form of hidden code. We elaborate the basic principle of this code, construct its mathematical model and supply a set of algorithm design processes, which breakthrough key technology of halftone printout. The experimental results show that the proposed color quick response code realizes the multi-code integration and can be read directly without special scanning equipment, which has unique advantages in the field of printing anti-counterfeiting labels.

In the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, affine motion models have been applied to enhance the resolution of complex motion patterns. However, due to the high computational complexity involved in affine motion estimation, real-time video processing applications face significant challenges. This paper focuses on optimizing affine motion estimation algorithms in the VVC environment and proposes a fast gradient iterative algorithm based on edge detection for efficient computation. Firstly, we establish judging conditions during the construction of affine motion candidate lists to streamline the redundant judging process. Secondly, we employ the Canny edge detection method for gradient assessment in the affine motion estimation process, thereby enhancing the iteration speed of affine motion vectors. The experimentalresults show that the encoding time of the affine motion estimation algorithm is about 15–35% lower than the overall encoding time of the anchor algorithm encoder, the average encoding time of the affine motion estimation part of the inter-frame prediction part is reduced by 24.79%, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is only reduced by 0.04.

In the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, affine motion models have been applied to enhance the resolution of complex motion patterns. However, due to the high computational complexity involved in affine motion estimation, real-time video processing applications face significant challenges. This paper focuses on optimizing affine motion estimation algorithms in the VVC environment and proposes a fast gradient iterative algorithm based on edge detection for efficient computation. Firstly, we establish judging conditions during the construction of affine motion candidate lists to streamline the redundant judging process. Secondly, we employ the Canny edge detection method for gradient assessment in the affine motion estimation process, thereby enhancing the iteration speed of affine motion vectors. Experimental results demonstrate that our affine motion estimation algorithm reduces encoding time by approximately 15%-35% while maintaining video bitrate and quality.

In this paper, we described a method to solve the local oscillator (LO) leakage problem of direct quadrature upconversion transmitters (DCTs). Comparing to traditional superheterodyne transmitters, DCTs have made great breakthroughs in dimension, power consumption and cost, but its performance will be worsened critically by LO leakage signal. To solve the DCT LO leakage problem, we provide a set of circuits which is uniquely based on I,Q signal DC offsets adjustments. The circuits can be applied in the field of multi-carrier and multi-mode transmitters of mobile phone and wireless area networks etc. The experiment results indicate that after the application of the LO leakage signal eliminating circuit, the LO leakage signal is suppressed to the level of -47 dBc with the improvement of 9 dB comparing to the case without the eliminating circuit.