BIM represents a significant step towards digitalization and innovation in the public construction sector in Italy, and as of 1 January 2025, its adoption became mandatory for all public work. Recognizing the importance of this shift, the Sapienza University of Rome developed a set of standards and guidelines between 2018 and 2024. These guidelines have now been officially adopted by the Buildings Maintenance Area of Sapienza for the application of BIM in service and work contracts. They are consolidated into a document known as the Sapienza Protocol, which serves as a reference for the creation of information-rich models of university heritage buildings, encompassing both existing structures and those to be constructed from scratch. The Sapienza Protocol outlines a modeling process that integrates surveying, geometric modeling, and an informational framework, combining theoretical principles with methodological approaches tested in the HBIM research domain. This approach ensures that both the technical and historical characteristics of buildings are appropriately represented. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the evolution of the Sapienza Protocol, from its initial version to its current form. It highlights operational procedures and technical solutions, showcasing how the protocol has adapted to address the complex needs of managing and preserving architectural heritage in a digital context.

Founded in 1548 at the behest of Cosimo I de’ Medici, Portoferraio and its surrounding territory underwent a continuous process of military infrastructure renewal from its foundation through World War II. This study addresses the subject from a twofold perspective: on the one hand, it analyzes the different cartographic representation methods adopted over the centuries, highlighting the specific features of Italian and French productions; on the other, by employing well-established integrated methodologies (historical and cartographic research, large-scale data acquisition surveys, thermography, etc.), it reconstructs the transformations over time and translates them into digital models.

Torri costiere del XV-XVII secolo all’isola d’Elba