Highly dispersed MnO_x–CeO₂ and MnO_x–ZrO₂–CeO₂ catalysts for the carbon monoxide oxidation reaction are synthesized. Using the XRF and the XRD methods, the formation of the Mn–Ce–O and the Mn–Zr–Ce–O solid solutions, as well as the presence of Mn₂O₃ and Mn₃O₄, is established. The specific surface area of the synthesized materials is 121 and 155 m²/g, respectively, the particle size being equal to 8–10 nm. The X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectra is deconvolved and the relative content of the ionic forms of Mn, the lattice oxygen O_α, and the high-energy forms O_β are determined. Upon studying the thermal stability of catalysts, it is established that the two-component systems have low thermal stability, causing the particle size to increase to 32 nm, the specific surface area to decrease to 29 m²/g, and thus the catalytic activity to deteriorate. For MnO_x–ZrO₂–CeO₂, less significant changes take place: the particle size is 27 nm, the specific surface area is 43 m²/g, and thus its catalytic activity is higher than that for MnO_x–CeO₂. Investigation of the state of the components of the near-surface layer of catalysts after isothermal aging makes it possible to ascertain the change in content of ionic forms of Mn, O_α, and O_β. It is concluded that doping of the two-component MnO_x–CeO₂ systems with the Zr⁴⁺ ions is expedient. The resulting ZrO₂–MnO_x–CeO₂ solid solution is more resistant to high temperatures.

The Buryatian horse is an ancient breed and, as an indigenous breed, they have unique adaptive abilities to use scarce pastures, graze in winter, and survive in harsh conditions with minimal human care. In this study, fecal microbiota of Buryatian horses grazing in the warm and cold seasons were investigated using NGS technology on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We hypothesized that the composition of microbial communities in the feces of horses maintained on pasture would change in the different seasons, depending on the grass availability and different plant diets. We conducted microhistological fecal studies of horse diet composition on steppe pasture. The alpha diversity analysis showed horses had a more abundant and diverse gut microbiota in summer. There were significant effects on the beta diversity of microbial families, which were clustered by the warm and cold season in a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), with 45% of the variation explained by two principal coordinates. This clustering by season was further confirmed by the significant differences observed in the relative abundances of microbial families and genera. The obtained results can serve as an experimental substantiation for further study of the impact of pasture grasses, which have a pharmacological effect, on the diversity of the gut microbiome and horse health.

The Barents Sea is one of the most rapidly changing Arctic regions, with an unprecedented sea ice decline and increase in water temperature and salinity. We have studied the diversity of prokaryotic communities using 16S metabarcoding in the western and northeastern parts of the Barents Sea along the Kola Section and the section from Novaya Zemlya to Franz Joseph Land. The hypothesis-independent clustering method revealed the existence of two distinct types of communities. The most common prokaryotic taxa were shared between two types of communities, but their relative abundance was different. It was found that the geographic location of the sampling sites explained more than 30% of the difference between communities, while no statistically significant correlation between environmental parameters and community composition was found. The representatives of the Psychrobacter, Sulfitobacter and Polaribacter genera were dominant in samples from both types of communities. The first type of community was also dominated by members of Halomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Planococcaceae and an unclassified representative of the Alteromonadaceae family. The second type of community also had a significant proportion of Nitrincolaceae, SAR92, SAR11 Clade I, NS9, Cryomorphaceae and SUP05 representatives. The origin of these communities can be explained by the influence of environmental factors or by the different origins of water masses. This research highlights the importance of studying biogeographic patterns in the Barents Sea in comparison with those in the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean prokaryote communities.

Mineral springs of the Northern Caucasus remain largely uncharacterized by culture-independent approaches. At the high-altitude Dzhily-Su spring complex, where isotope data indicate deep-seated magmatic fluid inputs, planktonic and sediment-associated communities were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene profiling to determine whether these inputs shape the local microbiome. Rather than a distinct magmatically influenced community, the results revealed a pronounced water–sediment partitioning of taxa with known iron-cycling representatives, microaerophilic Gallionellaceae dominating the water fractions and facultatively anaerobic Aeromonas and Shewanella dominating the sediments. Furthermore, analysis of the fine-size (0.22 µm) water fraction highlighted a notable enrichment of candidate lineages and archaea, including a prominent Nanoarchaeota population (58.6% of archaeal reads) lacking identified mesophilic hosts. The predominance of a typical neutrophilic iron-cycling assemblage, together with the observed water–sediment partitioning, is consistent with an important role of local physicochemical gradients in structuring the microbial community despite the unusual geochemical setting of the parent aquifer.

The purpose of this review is to summarize current state of primate biobanks and their role in international scientific networks, as well as specialized genomic resources for research on hominids and other models. Modern methods of sample authentication and genetic passportization, such as microsatellite and SNP analysis, are presented, ensuring high-precision individual identification and quality control of biological materials. Special attention is given to the importance of standardization processes and international collaboration to enhance research efficiency and preserve genetic diversity. Conclusion. The authors decided that the integration of genetic information into digital ecosystems of primate biobanks leads to a transition from traditional collections to intelligent platforms utilizing advanced analysis and modeling technologies, opening new prospects for research and personalized medicine.

The Aim of the Review is to describe the structure and peculiarities of modern primate biobanks, their role in international scientific networks, as well a