Kazakhstan is historically a livestock-producing country. For the first time in this study, we attempted to assess the vulnerability of nomadic pastoralists in Kazakhstan to climate change using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). To collect data, a survey of 100 household heads was conducted on fourteen main components and fifty-six sub-components. The study was conducted in the period from May to July 2022 in the Panfilov (PD) and Kerbulak (KD) districts of the Zhetysu region, where the Altyn-Emel State National Nature Park is located. The results of the study were combined using a composite index method and comparing different vulnerability indicators. Natural disasters, which manifest as the effects of drought, temperature fluctuations, and precipitation, contribute most to the vulnerability of nomads living in remote mountain areas with a complex infrastructure. According to the results of the study, nomads of both regions have high vulnerability in such components as natural resources, human–wildlife conflict, housing type, agriculture and food security, and social networks. High vulnerability in the “Finances and incomes” component was found only in the pastoralists of the PD. Identifying the levels of vulnerability of nomadic households to climate change, as well as understanding their adaptation strategies, will enable pastoralists to gain access to new ways of reducing the vulnerability of their livelihoods. Currently, the country practices a strategy to reduce the vulnerability of pastoral nomads’ livelihoods by insuring livestock against natural or natural hazards and other risks; involving the population in environmental-protection activities and helping them to obtain sustainable financial resources when they refuse to hunt endangered animals; non-agricultural diversification of high-altitude ecotourism in rural areas in their area of residence; and improving financial literacy by providing training and providing information on low-interest loans under state projects and livestock subsidy mechanisms, as well as training in organizing cooperatives within the framework of legal status, which will ensure them stable sales of products and income growth. The results of software research serve as a basis for taking measures within the framework of the development and implementation of state programs for climate change adaptation of the Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where agriculture is one of the priority areas of management.

The relevance of the research topic lies in the popularization of Kazakhstani children's sports team’s image in the world as a significant part of human capital by means of uniform design. The purpose of the study is theoretical and methodological substantiation of Kazakhstani children's sports uniform design identity. The scientific novelty of the research lies in conducting an interdisciplinary theoretical analysis of the structural components of children's sports team’s image in Kazakhstan. The research methodology is based on Kazakh and foreign scientists' works in the field of pedagogy, psychology, analytical psychology, personal development, motivation, acmeology, epistemology, brand building, semantics, cultural studies, cultural anthropology, ethnography and costume studies. The study’s results made it possible to identify the mechanisms to form the value bases of the image for young athletes’ uniforms in Kazakhstan. An interdisciplinary, theoretical, and methodological analysis of children's sports uniform design made in this research will contribute to the popularization of Kazakhstan's young athletes’ image in the world. The practical significance of the research is based on the studying Mimioriki brand’s contribution to creating the image of Kazakhstan uniforms for the children's sports team.

Water resources in the semi-arid agricultural landscapes of Northern Kazakhstan are under intense stress from climatic, ecological, and socioeconomic issues, which increase the human–wildlife conflict. In this study, the Extended Livelihood Vulnerability Index (ELVI) was developed to assess farm holdings’ water-related vulnerability and climate change adaptive capacity for saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica) recovery. The framework integrates 13 components and 63 indicators covering climate and natural hazards, human–wildlife coexistence, water resources issues, natural and land resources, agriculture, infrastructure, socioeconomic conditions, and livelihood strategies. The assessment combines hydroclimatic data from 1961–2024, field surveys, questionnaires, official statistics, spatial information, and saiga migration data from Naurzum and Auliekol Districts of Kostanay Region. Overall ELVI values were 0.481 in Naurzum (ND) and 0.416 in Auliekol (AD). Natural Resources availability indexes showed the highest component score (0.972 in ND and 0.957 in AD), followed by Climate Change and Natural Disasters (0.719 in ND and AD), and Human–Wildlife Coexistence (0.695 in ND and 0.603 in AD). Climate analysis revealed significant warming (0.28 °C per decade) without a significant long-term precipitation trend. The project findings demonstrate that water resources availability stress is a cross-cutting dimension of rural vulnerability, while saiga recovery creates an additional pathway of socio-ecological complexities through competition for water, pasture, and agricultural lands.

Water resources in the semi-arid agricultural landscapes of Northern Kazakhstan are under intense stress from the climatic, ecological, socioeconomic issues, which increase the human–wildlife confrontations. Within this project the Extended Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) was developed to assess farm holdings’ water-related vulnerability and climate change adaptive capacity for the Saiga Antelope (Saiga tatarica) recovery. The framework integrates 13 components and 62 indicators covering climate and natural hazards, human–wildlife conflict, water resources issues, natural and land resources, agriculture, infrastructure, socioeconomic conditions, and livelihood strategies. The assessment combines hydroclimatic data from 1961–2024, field surveys, questionnaires, official statistics, spatial information, and saiga migration data from Naurzum and Auliekol Districts of Kostanay Region. Overall LVI values were 0.485 in Naurzum and 0.431 in Auliekol. Natural Resources availability indexes showed the highest component score (1.000 in both districts), followed by Human–Wildlife Conflict (0.862 and 0.770), next Climate Change and Natural Disasters (0.741 in both). Climate analysis revealed significant increase by warming (0.28 °C per decade) without a significant long-term precipitation trend. The project findings demonstrate that water resources availability stress is a cross-cutting dimension of rural vulnerability, while saiga recovery creates an additional pathway of socio-ecological complexities y through competition for water, pasture, and agricultural lands.