Oral mucositis is a common and debilitating side effect induced by stem cell transplantation that is experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy. This condition involves inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa, leading to pain, difficulty with eating and speaking, and an increased risk of infections. Mucositis not only compromises the quality of life for cancer patients, but also affects treatment outcomes and may necessitate dose reductions or treatment delays. This scientific article provides a comprehensive overview of mucositis. The purpose of this literature review with a meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy in treating post-transplant mucositis. Materials and methods: A search of the literature from 3 May 2023 was carried out on three online databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only studies that treated patients with laser therapy were considered; only studies with the placebo-treated control group were considered. Review Manager version 5.2.8 (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the pooled analysis. We measured the std. mean difference between the two groups (laser and placebo). Results: There were 230 papers included in this review. Two hundred twenty-seven were excluded. Furthermore, a manual search was performed. After the search phase, three articles were considered in the study. The overall effect showed differences in the degree of mucositis in the laser-treated patients compared with the placebo group. The meta-analysis shows a reduction in the degree of mucositis in the patients treated with laser therapy (std. mean difference −1.34 [−1.98; −0.98]; C.I. 95%). Conclusions: The application of laser therapy results in decreased severity of oral mucositis from radiation and chemotherapy. Our study shows that the application of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of transplant mucositis has excellent efficacy in relieving the symptoms and severity of mucositis.

Plasmacytoma is a neoplastic disorder originating from plasma cells, with bone and soft tissue being common sites of manifestation. This report presents the clinical and radiological findings of a 65-year-old female patient who presented with an exophytic lesion in the upper right lateral incisor region. The lesion appeared as a unilocular radiotransparent area in imaging tests. Following an excisional biopsy, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations confirmed the presence of mature plasmacellular elements and small infiltrates of B and T lymphocytes. The patient did not exhibit systemic manifestations of multiple myeloma. Surgical intervention, in the form of enucleation of the lesion combined with root canal treatment and apicoectomy, was performed. This case underscores the rare occurrence of plasmacytoma in the jaw region and highlights the importance of surgical management in cases where structural damage or functional impairment is present. Further research on novel treatment approaches is also mentioned, including targeted therapies, immunomodulatory agents, and monoclonal antibodies. The patient is currently under the care of a hematologist for further investigation and the choice of the most appropriate therapy.

Background: Cocaine is a recreational drug known for its negative impact on health and social and economic life. One of the complications for cocaine abusers is cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion (CIMDL) syndrome, which includes the extensive destruction of the osteocartilaginous structures of the nose, the sinus, and the palate. Methods: Here, we describe three cases of the surgical management of CIMDL using a temporalis muscle flap combined with a Le Fort I osteotomy, which allows sufficient space for the muscle to settle. Results: The addition of the osteotomy allowed better handling of the pedicled flap, with no signs of relapse in the reported cases and high patient satisfaction. Conclusions: CIMDL syndrome is an impairing disease that negatively affects the functionality of the nasal and oral cavities, as well as the aesthetic. Surgical repair using a pedicled flap is a valid option in rehabilitated and sober patients with endothelial damage.

Background: The precision of intraoral scanners (IOSs) is a key factor in ensuring the reliability of digital impressions, particularly in full-arch workflows. Although proprietary metrology tools are generally employed for scanner validation, open-source platforms could provide a cost-effective alternative for clinical research. Methods: This in vivo study compared the precision of two IOSs—3Shape TRIOS 3 and Planmeca Emerald S—using an open-source analytical workflow based on Autodesk Meshmixer and CloudCompare. A single healthy subject underwent five consecutive full-arch scans per device. Digital models were trimmed, aligned by manual landmarking and iterative closest-point refinement, and analyzed at six deviation thresholds (<0.01 mm to <0.4 mm). The percentage of surface points within clinically acceptable limits (<0.3 mm) was compared using paired t-tests. Results: TRIOS 3 exhibited significantly higher repeatability than Planmeca Emerald S (p < 0.001). At the <0.3 mm threshold, 99.3% ± 0.4% of points were within tolerance for TRIOS 3 versus 92.9% ± 6.8% for Planmeca. At the <0.1 mm threshold, values were 89.6% ± 5.7% and 47.3% ± 13.7%, respectively. Colorimetric deviation maps confirmed greater spatial consistency of TRIOS 3, particularly in posterior regions. Conclusions: Both scanners achieved clinically acceptable precision for full-arch impressions; however, TRIOS 3 demonstrated superior repeatability and lower variability. The proposed open-source workflow proved feasible and reliable, offering an accessible and reproducible method for IOS performance assessment in clinical settings.

Background: Severe jaw atrophy limits traditional endosseous implantation, often necessitating complex regenerative procedures. Advances in digital planning and 3D printing have reintroduced custom-made subperiosteal (juxta-osseous) implants as a viable alternative. This study evaluates the clinical reliability and advantages of next-generation juxta-osseous implants. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search focused on English-language studies reporting on custom-made titanium juxta-osseous implants in patients with severe maxillary or mandibular atrophy. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Additionally, a representative clinical case of a 60-year-old female treated via a fully digital workflow is presented to illustrate the protocol. Results: Twenty-six articles were included, accounting for 147 clinical cases. Most patients exhibited Cawood and Howell Class V–VI atrophy. All identified treatments utilized integrated digital workflows, including CBCT imaging, CAD/CAM design, and additive manufacturing (SLM/DMLS) of medical-grade titanium alloy. Reported success rates exceeded 90%, with high primary stability enabling immediate or early loading protocols and high patient satisfaction. Complications were primarily limited to manageable soft-tissue dehiscence. Conclusions: Modern juxta-osseous implants represent a promising, minimally invasive alternative to bone grafting for severe atrophy, enabling rapid functional restoration in the short-to-medium-term. However, because current evidence is limited to clinical studies, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Long-term prospective trials are essential to establish definitive clinical predictability and standardized protocols.

Background: Organ transplant recipients are at a significantly higher risk of developing skin cancer compared to the general population, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Approximately 3–8% of these carcinomas are located on the scalp. Scalp reconstruction is particularly challenging, especially for large excisions, due to the thickness of the scalp, the inelastic aponeurosis of the galea, and the integrity of the hair-bearing scalp. Additionally, in organ transplant recipients, the presence of numerous comorbidities and the increased risk of infection due to immunosuppressive therapy make management more complex. Based on our experience and the existing literature, we aim to describe possible reconstruction methods and discuss the combined management of medical and immunosuppressive therapy. Method: We present our experience with seven kidney transplant patients who underwent excision of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with a diameter larger than 3 cm. The crane technique involves three key steps. First, the tumor is excised with wide margins of disease-free tissue. Next, a pericranial flap is rotated and positioned to cover the exposed cranial bone. Finally, a bilayer dermal substitute is applied to create a microenvironment that supports skin graft implantation. Results: The crane technique was used for six patients. In one case, an O-Z rotation flap was used. All patients modified their immunosuppressive therapy, with those receiving antiproliferative therapy switching everolimus after surgery. Conclusions: When combined with a post-operative modification of the immunosuppressive regimen, the crane technique could be considered a feasible, safe, and effective approach to managing large cSCC of the scalp in fragile patients.