Background: Studies have shown that perceptual and cognitive asymmetries are present in the auditory system in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The Dichotic Listening (DL) paradigm was formerly performed in non-forced (NF) conditions only, and no study has examined the conditions of attention to one ear.Objective: To investigate the perceptual and cognitive asymmetry in the auditory system in patients with AIS as well as the asymmetry changes according to the curvature characteristics of patients with AIS.Method: The DL paradigm was performed on 38 patients with AIS and 10 healthy individuals in all conditions (NF, Forced Right [FR], Forced Left [FL]).Results: In the NF and FL conditions, the mean number of correct responses for the left ear was significantly lower in patients with AIS than in healthy individuals (p 0.05). The correct responses for the right ear in the NF condition, right and left ear in the FR condition, and right ear in the FL condition did not show a significant difference between the groups (p 0.05). Also, there was no difference between patients with AIS with both functional 3-curve and 4-curve (p 0.05).Conclusion: Our study indicates perceptual and cognitive asymmetry or lateralisation in the auditory system in patients with AIS. The asymmetry might be caused by the inability to direct their attention to the left ear, which is not affected by their curvature type. Further studies are needed to investigate perceptual and cognitive asymmetry behaviour models in the auditory system in patients with AIS.Clinical implications: Determination of perceptual and cognitive asymmetry in the auditory system may offer a new perspective on conservative treatment protocols for AIS patients. Besides, the DL paradigm can be easily used in patients with AIS as a non-invasive evaluation method in clinics.

Bu derleme makalede, Ergoterapi bakış açısı ile atların ritmik salınımları ve vücut sıcaklığının binicinin lökomotor ve duyusal faaliyetlerini etkilemesi esasına göre çalışan bir rehabilitasyon yaklaşımı olan hippoterapinin terapatik yararlarının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Son yıllarda hippoterapi ile ilgili yapılan araştırmaların çoğu, özellikle postür, denge, kuvvet, koordinasyon ve sensorimotor programlamayı içeren fiziksel engellere uygulanan rehabilitasyon faydaları üzerine olmuştur. Fiziksel hedeflere ulaşma sırasında hippoterapi uygulamalarının benzersiz yaklaşımı beraberinde sosyal, billişsel, akademik, davranışsal, psikolojik ve iletişim alanındaki sonuçları da etkilemektedir. Hippoterapi uygulamaları sırasındaki tedavi yaklaşımı çok yönlü olup, tüm vücut sistemlerinde olağanüstü etkiler göstermektedir. Hippoterapide doğru yöntem, doğru at ve profesyonel bir ekip ile birçok hastalığın tedavisi ve problemlerinin giderilmesinin mümkün olabileceği görülmektedir. Hippoterapi uygulamalarında profesyonel ekibin içerisinde yer alan Ergoterapistler sağlığı ve refahı aktiviteler yoluyla geliştirirler. Ergoterapistler günlük aktivitelerde motor kontrolü, koordinasyonu, dengeyi, dikkati, duyusal süreçleri ve performansı iyileştirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu hedeflerine atın ritmik ve dinamik hareketinden, dokusundan ve sıcaklığından yararlanarak ulaşırlar. Ülkemizde hippoterapinin önemi hekimler ve terapistler tarafından daha derinden anlaşıldıkça daha fazla hasta ve ailelerinin bu tedaviden fayda göreceği öngörülmektedir.

The aim was to investigate how the primed and unprimed non-painful tactile stimuli during sleep would be processed. A total of 22 healthy subjects (19.55 ± 1.10 years) were randomly divided into two groups. The same stimuli were applied to both groups, but the study group (SG) received them twice (daytime and sleep), whereas the control group (CG) received them only during sleep. A 40-channel PSG and a pneumatic tactile stimulator unit were used. Evoked potential components of the C_Z electrode were examined in four sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, and REM). The Mann–Whitney U test was used for group comparison, and the Wilcoxon test was used for in-group evaluations. The P50 and N300 response components were observed in all sleep stages in both groups. P50 decreased as sleep deepened in the SG. The N300 increased as sleep deepened and started to decrease again in the REM stage. Moreover, in N1, the amplitudes of P200-N300 and N300-P450 in the SG were significantly greater than those in the CG. The fact that P50 was observed even in N3 indicates that bottom-up sensory processing continues during sleep. Moreover, the central processing of primed and unprimed stimuli exhibited dynamic differences. Furthermore, an increase in N300 amplitude suggests suppressive processes to facilitate and maintain sleep.

Objective: To examine the relationship between physical activity level and healthy lifestyle behaviours of white-collar workers. Materials and Methods: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to determine the level of physical activity, and the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale-II (HLBS-II) was used to evaluate the lifestyle behaviours. The researchers recorded anthropometric measurements of the participants via face-to-face method and questionnaires were implemented via online forms. Statistical analysis of the study was performed with the IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0 program. Descriptive analysis was done, and all the data were presented as means and (±) standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: In total, 229 (mean age: 35.75, 158 female) white-collar workers participated in the study. 90.4% of the participants had either undergraduate or postgraduate degrees. 55.5% of the participants were found to be inactive as stated by the IPAQ-SF scores. According to HLBS-II results, active participants had significantly higher exercise, nutrition, and stress management sub-scale scores (p0.05). Overall, active participants with normal BMI had significantly higher HLBS-II scores than overweight and obese participants (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our study shows a positive relationship between physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviours in office work. In order to increase the quality of life of white-collar workers, changing their behaviours such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diet through education intervention on healthy lifestyle holds a vital place.